From 8423783751e9ff9ab78c234129a07dc8907bcd42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Octobug Date: Mon, 18 Mar 2024 15:12:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?vocab(phonetics):=20=E9=9F=B3=E6=A0=87=E4=BD=93?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=B3=BB?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- .markdownlint.json | 3 +- .vitepress/theme/custom.css | 26 +- SUMMARY.md | 2 +- content/{.assets => }/preface-ask-chatgpt.png | Bin content/preface.md | 2 +- content/vocabulary/README.md | 2 +- .../vocabulary/american-IPA-chart-english.svg | 3227 +++++++++++++++++ content/vocabulary/phonetic-symbols.md | 45 + content/vocabulary/yin-biao.md | 2 - 9 files changed, 3302 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) rename content/{.assets => }/preface-ask-chatgpt.png (100%) create mode 100644 content/vocabulary/american-IPA-chart-english.svg create mode 100644 content/vocabulary/phonetic-symbols.md delete mode 100644 content/vocabulary/yin-biao.md diff --git a/.markdownlint.json b/.markdownlint.json index 8879302..87aee2f 100644 --- a/.markdownlint.json +++ b/.markdownlint.json @@ -4,5 +4,6 @@ "rules": "https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint", "vscode": "https://github.com/DavidAnson/vscode-markdownlint" }, - "MD013": false + "MD013": false, + "MD033": false } diff --git a/.vitepress/theme/custom.css b/.vitepress/theme/custom.css index a35d0db..e917a36 100644 --- a/.vitepress/theme/custom.css +++ b/.vitepress/theme/custom.css @@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ --vp-c-brand-soft: var(--gb-c-bluegray-lighter); } +/* Override VP styles */ +.vp-doc h3 { + margin-bottom: 1rem; +} + /* Text Theme */ .vp-doc a { text-decoration: none; @@ -45,12 +50,13 @@ p>a>img[alt^="Badge:"] { } /* image */ -.main figure img { +img.large-media, embed.large-media, iframe.large-media { border-radius: 0.5rem; border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-default-1); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; + width: 100%; } figure>figcaption { @@ -59,3 +65,21 @@ figure>figcaption { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 400; } + +iframe { + height: 100%; +} + +.video { + position: relative; + padding-bottom: 56.25%; /* 16/9 */ +} + +.video iframe { + border: none; + position: absolute; +} + +iframe.page { + height: 50vh; +} diff --git a/SUMMARY.md b/SUMMARY.md index 932d757..1e58947 100644 --- a/SUMMARY.md +++ b/SUMMARY.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * [多邻国](content/primer/duolingo.md) * [新概念英语](content/primer/new-concept-english.md) * [🔠 词汇](content/vocabulary/README.md) - * [音标 🚧](content/vocabulary/yin-biao.md) + * [音标](content/vocabulary/phonetic-symbols.md) * [词性](content/vocabulary/part-of-speech.md) * [词根词缀 🚧](content/vocabulary/ci-gen-ci-zhui.md) * [拼写](content/vocabulary/spelling.md) diff --git a/content/.assets/preface-ask-chatgpt.png b/content/preface-ask-chatgpt.png similarity index 100% rename from content/.assets/preface-ask-chatgpt.png rename to content/preface-ask-chatgpt.png diff --git a/content/preface.md b/content/preface.md index 17a0296..437a7fa 100644 --- a/content/preface.md +++ b/content/preface.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ description: Preface 这是一个老生常谈的话题，我们直接看看 ChatGPT 是怎么回答的。 -![问 ChatGPT：还有必要学外语吗？](.assets/preface-ask-chatgpt.png '问 ChatGPT：还有必要学外语吗？') +![问 ChatGPT：还有必要学外语吗？](./preface-ask-chatgpt.png '问 ChatGPT：还有必要学外语吗？'){.large-media} 事实上，如果你自己不能回答这个问题，那么可能当下的你并不需要学英语。在这种情况下逼迫自己学，效果应该不会很好。 diff --git a/content/vocabulary/README.md b/content/vocabulary/README.md index f18efd7..a9c4e28 100644 --- a/content/vocabulary/README.md +++ b/content/vocabulary/README.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ --- -description: Vocabulary | Lexical Resource +description: Vocabulary | Lexical Resources --- # 🔠 词汇 🚧 diff --git a/content/vocabulary/american-IPA-chart-english.svg b/content/vocabulary/american-IPA-chart-english.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bcf1281 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/vocabulary/american-IPA-chart-english.svg @@ -0,0 +1,3227 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) for standard American English + + + + + image/svg+xml + + en + The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) for standard American English + Illustrated interactive IPA chart. An interactive infographic to learn the English phonetic alphabet and the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Dialect: standard American English AKA General American. + Fabien Snauwaert + ClickandSpeak.com + English phonetics + 2018 + + Fabien Snauwaert + https://americanipachart.com + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + INTERNATIONAL + PHONETIC + ALPHABET + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Standard American EnglishGeneral American + + + English is not pronounced + the way it's spelled out! + + + The International Phonetic + Alphabet lets us work around + this problem by using + phonetic transcriptions. + + + Learn and remember the IPA International Phonetic Alphabet with + + this + interactive audio + chart. + + + + +published by Learn the top 5,000 words in spoken American English ClickandSpeak.com + + + + + +If you'd like more + How to learn English help to learn English, + visit: + + + + + Learn the top 5,000 words in spoken American English + + ClickandSpeak.com + + + + + + + + + + CONSONANTS + The 24 consonants used in standard American + + + + + + + p b t d k g + + + + + + p + + /pɪɡ/ + pig + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + t + + /ˈtɝ·təɫ/ + turtle + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + k + + + /kæt/ + cat + + + + + + + + b + + /bɛɹ/ + bear + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + d + + /dɔg/ + dog + + + + + + + g + + /goʊt/ + goat + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + θ ð f v + + + + θ + + /ˈpæn·θɝ/ + panther + + + + + + + + f + + /fɹɑg/ + frog + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ð + + /ˈfɛð·ɝ/ + feather + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + v + + /ˈbi·vɝ/ + beaver + + + + + + + + + + s z ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ + + + + s + + /sneɪk/ + snake + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ʃ + + /ʃip/ + sheep + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + tʃ + + /ˈtʃɪk·ɪn/ + chicken + + + + + + + + + + + z + + /ˈzi·bɹə/ + zebra + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ʒ + + /ˈtɛɫ·əˌvɪʒ·ən/ + television + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + dʒ + + /dʒəˈɹæf/ + giraffe + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + w ɫ + + + + w + + /wʊɫf/ + wolf + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ɫ + + /ˈɫɑɪ·ən/ + lion + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + m n ŋ + + + + m + + /maʊs/ + mouse + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + n + + /ˈdɑɪ·nəˌsɔɹ/ + dinosaur + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ŋ + + /ˈpɛŋ·gwən/ + penguin + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ɹ j h + + + + ɹ + + /ˈɹæb·ɪt/ + rabbit + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + j + + /jæk/ + yak + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + h + + /hɔɹs/ + horse + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + MONOPHTHONGS + The 10 pure vowel sounds of standard American + + + + + i u ɪ ʊ ə ɛ ɝ ɔ æ ɑ + + + + i + + /gɹin/ + green + + + + + + u + + /bɫu/ + blue + + + + + + ɪ + + /pɪnk/ + pink + + + + + + + ʊ + + /wʊd/ + wood + + + + + + + ə + + /dəst/ + dust + + + + + + ɛ + + /ɹɛd/ + red + + + + + + ɝ + + /ˈpɝ·pəɫ/ + purple + + + + + + + ɔ + + /mɔv/ + mauve + + + + + + æ + + /sænd/ + sand + + + + + + + ɑ + + /ˈkɑ·fi/ + coffee + + + + + + + + + + + + DIPHTHONGS + The 5 vowel clusters of standard American + + + + + eɪ aɪ aʊ ɔɪ oʊ + + + + ɪ + /pɪnk/ + + + + ʊ + /wʊd/ + + + + + eɪ + + /dʒeɪd/ + jade + + + + + + + + + + + + aɪ + + /ɫaɪm/ + lime + + + + + + + + + + + aʊ + + /bɹaʊn/ + brown + + + + + + + + + + + + oʊ + + /goʊɫd/ + gold + + + + + + + + + + + + ɔɪ + + /ˈtɝ·kɔɪz/ + turquoise + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + HELP + Legend & Tips + + + + + + + + STRESS + + + + ˈ + Primary stress + Before the syllable + + + + ˌ + Secondary stress + Also before the syllable + + + + · + Syllabification + Before an unstressed syllable + + + + + + + + + + + HOW TO USE + + + If you're using a print or static version, visit americanipachart.com + for the interactive version, with built-in audio and animations. + + + How to use this chart: + + + • Click on the phonetic symbols to listen to each sound, and + click on the illustrations to listen to the sample words. + + + • Hold the mouse cursor over the transcriptions to see how each + word is spelled. + + + • Practice distinguishing (discriminating) and imitating (articulating) + those sounds, and you will improve your spoken English. + + + + + + + + + + MEMORIZE IT + + + The chart is designed around a mnemonic: + + • Consonants are named after animals; + • Vowels (monophthongs and diphthongs) are named after colors. + + Remember all these 24 + 10 + 5 = 39 sounds and you will know all of + the sounds of standard American English (AKA General American). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Version du document : 1.0EN1.0EN + + + + + + + Adapted from Learn the top 5,000 words in spoken American English Click & Speak™. Design : Fabien Snauwaert. Voice over: Alan Adelberg. + © 2017-2018 Fabien Snauwaert. Distributed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. + + + Licence Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + consonant_pig + + + + + consonant_turtle + + + + + consonant_cat + + + + + consonant_bear + + + + + consonant_dog + + + + + consonant_goat + + + + + consonant_panther + + + + + consonant_frog + + + + + consonant_feather + + + + + consonant_beaver + + + + + consonant_snake + + + + + consonant_sheep + + + + + consonant_chicken + + + + + consonant_zebra + + + + + consonant_television + + + + + consonant_giraffe + + + + + consonant_wolf + + + + + consonant_lion + + + + + consonant_mouse + + + + + consonant_dinosaur + + + + + consonant_penguin + + + + + consonant_rabbit + + + + + consonant_yak + + + + + consonant_horse + + + + + + + vowel_green + + + + + vowel_blue + + + + + vowel_pink + + + + + vowel_wood + + + + + vowel_dust + + + + + vowel_red + + + + + vowel_purple + + + + + vowel_mauve + + + + + vowel_sand + + + + + vowel_coffee + + + + + + + diphthong_jade + + + + + diphthong_lime + + + + + diphthong_brown + + + + + diphthong_gold + + + + + diphthong_turquoise + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/vocabulary/phonetic-symbols.md b/content/vocabulary/phonetic-symbols.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c61de90 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/vocabulary/phonetic-symbols.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +description: Phonetic Symbols +--- + +# 音标 + +## 看懂就行 + +音标和汉语拼音一样，最主要的作用是标注一个字母或单词如何发音。 + +熟记音标有利于学习生词的发音，但背音标完全没必要，因为这个过程实在是太枯燥了。现在的查词软件都有发音功能，只要在查词时注意观察音标，并关联、对比它们和发音的关系，慢慢就会熟悉音标字母本身的发音规律。在想不起来一个音标怎么读时，回来看看这里的表格即可。 + +不过，先了解一下音标体系还是有必要的，因为不同体系的音标符号可能会让人困惑。 + +## 音标体系 + +这个视频介绍了不同音标体系的来龙去脉（来自[英语兔](https://www.yingyutu.com/)）： + +
+ +
+ +### 英式英语 IPA + +这个[英语国际音标表 (International Phonetic Alphabet for English)](https://mengxiang.net/tool/phonetic/) 做得非常精美（来自[梦想网](https://mengxiang.net)）： + + + +### 美式英语 IPA + +> American IPA Chart + +下图为美式英语 IPA 图表，和英式英语 IPA 略有不同，比如 `/n/` 的发音不一样（点击音标、动物图标可发音）： + + + + diff --git a/content/vocabulary/yin-biao.md b/content/vocabulary/yin-biao.md deleted file mode 100644 index 1f1fb52..0000000 --- a/content/vocabulary/yin-biao.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -# 音标 -