diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex01/sfigQualitativeInductorCurrentDuringBCM.tex b/exercise/fig/ex01/sfigQualitativeInductorCurrentDuringBCM.tex index 624f376..3ca04e5 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex01/sfigQualitativeInductorCurrentDuringBCM.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex01/sfigQualitativeInductorCurrentDuringBCM.tex @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ \begin{axis}[ domain=0:15, xmin=0, xmax=7, - ymin=-1.5, ymax=2.5, + ymin=-1.75, ymax=2.5, samples=500, axis y line=center, axis x line=middle, diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex02/sFig_diode_sw_off_esb.tex b/exercise/fig/ex02/sFig_diode_sw_off_esb.tex index 23187f2..5fa1090 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex02/sFig_diode_sw_off_esb.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex02/sFig_diode_sw_off_esb.tex @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ \begin{solutionfigure}[htb] \centering \begin{circuitikz}[european currents,european resistors,american inductors] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5.3,0); \draw (0,2) to (2,2); \draw (2,0) to (0.05,0); @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2) (S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); \draw (-1.5,2) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C$, i>^=$i_\mathrm{C}(t)$] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-6,2) to [open, v>=$u_1(t)\hspace{0.3cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-6,2) to [open, v>=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \draw (-5,0) to [short, -o] ++(-1,0); \draw (-5.75,2) to [short, -o] ++(-0.25,0); \end{circuitikz} diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_B2U_TopologyWithCapactiveFiltering.tex b/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_B2U_TopologyWithCapactiveFiltering.tex index 338f076..2b107ed 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_B2U_TopologyWithCapactiveFiltering.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_B2U_TopologyWithCapactiveFiltering.tex @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ \draw % Base point for voltage supply (0,0) coordinate (jU1v) - % Add supply U1 [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] - (jU1v) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (jU1g) + % Add supply U1 + (jU1v) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (jU1g) % Add arrow and Text (jU1v) ++(0.5,0) node[currarrow](I1){} (I1) node[anchor=south,color=black]{$i_\mathrm{1}(t)$} diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_BoostConverter_with_Rectifiers.tex b/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_BoostConverter_with_Rectifiers.tex index 50f6f87..eaf741d 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_BoostConverter_with_Rectifiers.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex05/Fig_BoostConverter_with_Rectifiers.tex @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ \begin{center} \begin{circuitikz}[european currents,european resistors,american inductors] % Input rectifier - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i>^=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (C) @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ (D) to [short] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (H) to [short] (DCDC.port1 -| H) -- ++(0.5,0) to [currtap, name=ct1] (DCDC.port1) - (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); + (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); % Inner part \draw (DCDC.port4) to [L, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) coordinate (boostup) diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_B6C_ConverterWithMotorLoad.tex b/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_B6C_ConverterWithMotorLoad.tex index 609d5a8..a280703 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_B6C_ConverterWithMotorLoad.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_B6C_ConverterWithMotorLoad.tex @@ -51,17 +51,17 @@ % Add wire T2-T3-T6 (D2bot) to [short, -*] (D4bot) to [short, -*] (D6bot) % Add voltage arrow u2(t) between Dtop and Dbot - (jL1) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (D6bot-|jL1) + (jL1) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (D6bot-|jL1) % Add voltage arrow u2+n(t) between Dtop and neutral (D1top) ++(-0.2,0) to [open, v_>=$u_\mathrm{2,p}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(-5.5,0) % Add voltage arrow u2-n(t) between Dbot and neutral (D2bot) ++(-0.2,0) to [open, v_>=$u_\mathrm{2,m}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(-5.5,0) % Add voltage arrow between AC source a and b - (A) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{1\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B) + (A) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B) % Add voltage arrow between AC source b and c - (B) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{1\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (C) + (B) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (C) % Add voltage arrow between AC source a and c - (-0.5,-2*\vd) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{ca}}(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] (-0.5,0); + (-0.5,-2*\vd) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{ca}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (-0.5,0); \end{circuitikz} \end{center} \caption{B6C converter at a motor load.} diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_M3C_Converter_With_RL_Load.tex b/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_M3C_Converter_With_RL_Load.tex index 3b572be..56ba79e 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_M3C_Converter_With_RL_Load.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex06/Fig_M3C_Converter_With_RL_Load.tex @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ \draw (L2bend) to [thyristor] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D2end); \draw (L2cend) to [thyristor] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D3end) to [short, -*] (D2end) to [short, -*] (D1end); \draw (D1end) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate (u2) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [L, l=$L$] ++(2,0) coordinate (Ctop) to [short, i = $i_\mathrm{R}(t)$] ++(1.5,0) to [R, l=$R$] (Rend -| \tikztostart) to (Rend); - \draw (u2) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (Rend -| \tikztostart); + \draw (u2) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (Rend -| \tikztostart); \end{circuitikz}% \end{center} \caption{M3C topology with an input three-phase transformer and an RL-load.} diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_ThreePhaseInverter_6StepMode.tex b/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_ThreePhaseInverter_6StepMode.tex index e8edd1b..efd382f 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_ThreePhaseInverter_6StepMode.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_ThreePhaseInverter_6StepMode.tex @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ \begin{center} \begin{circuitikz} % Add voltage U1p - \draw (0,0) coordinate (U1p) to [open, o-o, v = $\frac{U_1}{2}\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (Gnd) + \draw (0,0) coordinate (U1p) to [open, o-o, v = $\frac{U_1}{2}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (Gnd) (Gnd) ++ (-0.4,0) node[rground](){} coordinate (GndSymb) (Gnd) to [short,-] (GndSymb) - (Gnd) to [open, -o, v = $\frac{U_1}{2}\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (U1m) + (Gnd) to [open, -o, v = $\frac{U_1}{2}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (U1m) % Add current (U1p) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (jT1c) % Add T1 @@ -112,9 +112,6 @@ % Add voltage arrow un0 (Gnd3) ++(0,2.8) to [open,v^=$$,voltage = straight] ++(0,-3.01) (Gnd3) ++ (-0.7,1.2) node[anchor=north,color=black,rotate = 90]{$u_\mathrm{2n0}(t)$}; - - - \end{circuitikz} \end{center} \caption{Three-phase inverter in six-step mode.} diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_subtask1.4.tex b/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_subtask1.4.tex index 53360b2..ecdd1ca 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_subtask1.4.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex07/Fig_subtask1.4.tex @@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ \end{solutionblock} \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} - \caption{Output current $i_\mathrm{2}(t)$, its fundamental wave $i^\mathrm{(1)}_\mathrm{2}(t)$, - its harmonics $i^{(\mathrm{h})}_\mathrm{2}(t)$, and input current $i_\mathrm{1}(t)$ } + \caption{Output current $i_\mathrm{2}(t)$, its fundamental component $i^\mathrm{(1)}_\mathrm{2}(t)$, its harmonics $i^{(\mathrm{h})}_\mathrm{2}(t)$, and input current $i_\mathrm{1}(t)$.} \label{sfig:ex07_sub1.4_current_and_components} \end{figure} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/exercise/fig/ex07/Single-phase_DC_Inverter.tex b/exercise/fig/ex07/Single-phase_DC_Inverter.tex index 529e741..45f2358 100644 --- a/exercise/fig/ex07/Single-phase_DC_Inverter.tex +++ b/exercise/fig/ex07/Single-phase_DC_Inverter.tex @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ \begin{center} \begin{circuitikz} % Add voltage U1p - \draw (0,0) coordinate (U1) to [open, o-o, v = $U_1\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5.5) coordinate (Gnd) + \draw (0,0) coordinate (U1) to [open, o-o, v = $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5.5) coordinate (Gnd) % Add current (U1) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (jT1c) % Add T1 @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ % (ju2x) ++(0,-0.8) to [open,v^=$u_\mathrm{2}(t)$,voltage = straight] ++(3.8,0); \end{circuitikz} \end{center} - \caption{Single-phase AC-DC converter} + \caption{Single-phase AC-DC converter.} \label{fig:Fig_Single-phase_DC_Inverter} \end{figure} diff --git a/exercise/main.tex b/exercise/main.tex index d1418e6..16210ba 100644 --- a/exercise/main.tex +++ b/exercise/main.tex @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ \documentclass[solution]{../course_template/exerciseClass} \title{Power Electronics} -\includeonly{tex/exercise07} +%\includeonly{tex/exercise07} \begin{document} \include{tex/exercise01} diff --git a/lecture/main.ist b/lecture/main.ist index 946a04c..f445872 100644 --- a/lecture/main.ist +++ b/lecture/main.ist @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ % makeindex style file created by the glossaries package -% for document 'main' on 2025-2-4 +% for document 'main' on 2025-2-7 actual '?' encap '|' level '!' diff --git a/lecture/tex/Lecture01.tex b/lecture/tex/Lecture01.tex index 51798db..a9d5582 100644 --- a/lecture/tex/Lecture01.tex +++ b/lecture/tex/Lecture01.tex @@ -727,9 +727,9 @@ \subsection{Linear vs. switched power conversion} \frametitle{Linear power conversion} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-6,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) to [european resistor, R=$R_1$] ++(4,0) to ++(2,0) (-2,0) to [variable european resistor, *-*, l=$R_2$] (-2,2); @@ -759,9 +759,9 @@ \subsection{Linear vs. switched power conversion} \begin{figure} \onslide<1->{ \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5.5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5.5,2) to ++(1.25,0) node [nigbt, anchor=C, rotate=90](nigbt1){} (nigbt1.E) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); \draw node[rectangle, draw, anchor = north] (r) at (nigbt1.B) {Linear amplifier} @@ -793,7 +793,6 @@ \subsection{Linear vs. switched power conversion} xmin=0, xmax=5, xtick={0,1,2,3,4}, ytick={0,1,2,3,4,5}, - %no x/y ticks displayed xticklabels={}, yticklabels={}, domain=0:5, @@ -844,9 +843,9 @@ \subsection{Linear vs. switched power conversion} \begin{figure} \onslide<1->{ \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to ++(1.25,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S) {} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.in) to (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); @@ -1067,14 +1066,14 @@ \subsection{Linear vs. switched power conversion} \node[] (A) at (0,0) { \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-6,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-6,2) to ++(1.25,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S) {} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.in) to [inductor, l_=$L$] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); \draw (-0.75,2) to [capacitor, *-*, l_=$C$] (-0.75,0); - \draw (-3.5,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.5,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} }; \pause @@ -1595,21 +1594,21 @@ \subsection{Linear vs. switched power conversion} & \onslide<2->{ {\large - $ i(t) =C \frac{}{ t}u(t)$ + $ i(t) =C \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}t}u(t)$ } } \vspace{0.5cm} & \onslide<3->{ {\large - $u(t) =L \frac{}{ t}i(t)$ + $u(t) =L \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}t}i(t)$ } } \vspace{0.5cm} & \onslide<4->{ {\large - $\bm{u}(t) =\bm{L} \frac{}{ t}\bm{i}(t)$ + $\bm{u}(t) =\bm{L} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}t}\bm{i}(t)$ } } \vspace{0.5cm} diff --git a/lecture/tex/Lecture02.tex b/lecture/tex/Lecture02.tex index a7b2228..0395bc7 100644 --- a/lecture/tex/Lecture02.tex +++ b/lecture/tex/Lecture02.tex @@ -24,16 +24,16 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter} \end{itemize} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-6,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-6,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.35,0); \draw (-5.375,2) ++(0.625,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S) {} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.in) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(1,0) to [inductor, l=$L$, v = $u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(2,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-3.5,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.5,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Step-down converter (aka \hl{buck converter}, ideal switch representation)} \label{fig:step-down-converter-simple} @@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter} \centering \hspace{-0.75cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1(t)=i_\mathrm{L}(t)}$] ++(2,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{2.4cm}U_\mathrm{s}=U_1}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_1}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} \end{subfigure}% @@ -78,15 +78,15 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [short, *-] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{2.4cm}U_\mathrm{s}=0}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_\mathrm{s}=0}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} \end{subfigure} @@ -294,11 +294,11 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter} \draw (-3,0) to [short, o-, i=$\overline{i}_1$] ++(1.5,0) to [current source, i=$D \overline{i}_2$] ++(0,-2) to [short, -o] ++(-1.5,0); - \draw (-3,0) to [open, v = $\hspace{-0.25cm}U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3,0) to [open, v = $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \draw (3,0) to [short, o-, i_<=$\overline{i}_2$] ++(-1.5,0) to [voltage source, v_= $D U_1$] ++(0,-2) to [short, -o] ++(1.5,0); - \draw (3,0) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.5cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (3,0) to [open, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Stationary averaged model of the step-down converter} \label{fig:step-down-converter-averaged} @@ -480,9 +480,9 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter: output capacitor} \end{itemize} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-7,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-7,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.35,0); \draw (-6.375,2) ++(0.625,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S) {} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.in) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(1,0) @@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter: output capacitor} to [short] ++(1,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-4.5,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4.5,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \draw (-1.5,2) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C$, i>^=$i_\mathrm{C}(t)$] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Step-down converter (ideal switch representation) with output capacitor} @@ -952,9 +952,9 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter: circuit realization and operation modes} \begin{figure} \onslide<3-> \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-6,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-6,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0); \draw (-5.375,2) node [npn, anchor=C, rotate=90](npn1) {} (npn1.E) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate (S) @@ -1049,13 +1049,13 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter: circuit realization and operation modes} \centering \hspace{-1.4cm} \begin{circuitikz}[scale=0.75, font=\small] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{-0.4cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{-0.1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1(t)=i_\mathrm{L}(t)}$] ++(2,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{2.2cm}U_\mathrm{s}=U_1}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_1}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time $T_\mathrm{on}$} \end{subfigure}% @@ -1065,15 +1065,15 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter: circuit realization and operation modes} \centering \hspace{-0.6cm} \begin{circuitikz}[scale=0.75, font=\small] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{-0.4cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{-0.1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [short, *-] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.8cm}U_\mathrm{s}=0}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_\mathrm{s}=0}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time $T'_\mathrm{off}$} \end{subfigure} @@ -1083,15 +1083,15 @@ \subsection{Step-down converter: circuit realization and operation modes} \centering \hspace{-1.3cm} \begin{circuitikz}[scale=0.75, font=\small] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{-0.4cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{-0.1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [open] ++(0,2) to [short] ++(0.5,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=${i_2=0}$] (0,2); - \draw (-3.75,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{2.3cm}U_\mathrm{s}=U_2}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.75,2) to [open, v^= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_2}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time $T''_\mathrm{off}$} \end{subfigure} @@ -1511,16 +1511,16 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \end{itemize} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-6,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-6,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.25,0) to [inductor, l=$L$, v = $u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = in, yscale=-1] (S) {} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.out) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-2.2,2) to [open, v_>=$u_\mathrm{s}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-2.2,2) to [open, v_>=$u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Step-up converter (aka \hl{boost converter}, ideal switch representation)} \label{fig:step-up-converter-simple} @@ -1548,15 +1548,15 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \centering \hspace{-0.75cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0,-2); \draw (0,2) to [short, i_<=${i_2=0}$, -o] ++(-1.0,0); - \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_\mathrm{s}=0\hspace{0.75cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_\mathrm{s}=0}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} \end{subfigure}% @@ -1565,13 +1565,13 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=${i_\mathrm{L}(t)=i_2(t)}$] (0,2); - \draw (-1.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_\mathrm{s}=U_2\hspace{1.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_\mathrm{s}=U_2}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} \end{subfigure} @@ -1737,9 +1737,9 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \end{itemize} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-7,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-7,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.25,0) to [inductor, l=$L$, v = $u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) @@ -1747,7 +1747,7 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.out) to [short] (-1.5,2) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$, -o] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-3.2,2) to [open, v_>=$u_\mathrm{s}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.2,2) to [open, v_>=$u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \draw (-1.5,2) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C$, i>^=$i_\mathrm{C}(t)$] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Step-up converter (ideal switch representation) with output capacitor} @@ -1956,9 +1956,9 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \end{itemize} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-6,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-6,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L$, v = $u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(1.5,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) @@ -1968,7 +1968,7 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} (npn1.C) to [short, -*] (-3,2) (npn1.E) to [short, -*] (-3,0); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; - \draw (-2.8,2) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-2.8,2) to [open, v^>=$u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Step-up converter with real components (single quadrant type)} \label{fig:step-up-converter-realization-1Q} @@ -2054,15 +2054,15 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[scale=0.75, font=\small] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{-0.4cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{-0.1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1}(t)$] ++(1,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.5,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(1,0) to [short, -*] ++(0,-2); \draw (-1,2) to [short, -o, i=${i_2=0}$] (0,2); - \draw (-1.9,2) to [open, v_= ${U_\mathrm{s}=0}\hspace{0.6cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.9,2) to [open, v_= ${U_\mathrm{s}=0}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time $T_\mathrm{on}$} \end{subfigure}% @@ -2071,13 +2071,13 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[scale=0.75, font=\small] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{-0.4cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{-0.1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1}(t)$] ++(1,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.5,0) to [short, -o, i=$\hspace{2mm}{i_\mathrm{L}(t)=i_2(t)}$] (0,2); - \draw (-1.5,2) to [open, v_= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_2}\hspace{1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.5,2) to [open, v_= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_2}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time $T'_\mathrm{off}$} \end{subfigure} @@ -2086,14 +2086,14 @@ \subsection{Step-up converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.33\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[scale=0.75, font=\small] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{-0.4cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{-0.1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}\hspace{0.15cm}$] ++(1.25,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.5,0) to [short] ++(0.75,0); \draw (-1,2) to [short, -o, i=${i_2=0}$] (0,2); - \draw (-1.5,2) to [open, v_= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_1}\hspace{1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.5,2) to [open, v_= ${U_\mathrm{s}=U_1}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time $T''_\mathrm{off}$} \end{subfigure} @@ -2205,9 +2205,9 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \frametitle{Buck-boost converter: combining step-up and step-down stages} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_0(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $u_0(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); %Boost part - \draw (5,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (5,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, -o]++(-5,0) to [open, voltage = straight, o-o] ++(0,2) to [short, o-]++(0.5,0) @@ -2216,7 +2216,7 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = in, yscale=-1] (S2) {} let \p2 = (S2.mid) in (S2.out) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (5,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S2.mid) to [short, o-*](\x2,0); - \draw (2.5,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_2}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (2.5,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_2}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (S2.out) node[below, anchor = north west] {$S_\mathrm{2,off}$} ([yshift = -0.3cm]S2.mid) node[below, anchor = north west] {$S_\mathrm{2,on}$}; @@ -2227,14 +2227,14 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \end{scope} % Buck part \draw (0,0) to [short, o-]++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S1) {} let \p1 = (S1.mid) in (S1.in) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L_1}(t)$] ++(1.15,0) to [inductor, l=$L_1$] ++(1.3,0) to [short, -o] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S1.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-2.5,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (-2.5,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (S1.out) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{1,on}$} ([yshift = -0.3cm]S1.mid) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{1,off}$}; % gray background behind buck part @@ -2247,20 +2247,20 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \end{circuitikz} \begin{circuitikz}[] %Boost part - \draw (3.5,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (3.5,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short]++(-3.5,0) (1.25,2) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = in, yscale=-1] (S2) {} let \p2 = (S2.mid) in (S2.out) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (3.5,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S2.mid) to [short, o-*](\x2,0); - \draw (1.4,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_2}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (1.4,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_2}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); % Buck part \draw (0,0) to [short]++(-3.5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.25,0) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S1) {} let \p1 = (S1.mid) in (S1.in) to [short] (-1.0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S1.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-1.4,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.4,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); %Combining inductor \draw (S1.in) to [inductor, l=$L$, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$, v = $u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] (S2.in) (S1.out) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{1,on}$} @@ -2293,16 +2293,16 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \centering \hspace{-0.75cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0,-2); \draw (0,2) to [short, i_<=${i_2=0}$, -o] ++(-1.0,0); - \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}\hspace{0.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-4.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.5cm}U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} \end{subfigure}% @@ -2312,16 +2312,16 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1 $, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [short, *-] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.5cm}U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-0.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}\hspace{0.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-0.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} \end{subfigure} @@ -2464,21 +2464,21 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] %Boost part - \draw (4.5,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (4.5,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short]++(-4.5,0) (1.25,2) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = in, yscale=-1] (S2) {} let \p2 = (S2.mid) in (S2.out) to [short] (3.5,2) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (4.5,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S2.mid) to [short, o-*](\x2,0); - \draw (1.4,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_2}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (1.4,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_2}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); % Buck part \draw (0,0) to [short]++(-3.5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.25,0) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S1) {} let \p1 = (S1.mid) in (S1.in) to [short] (-1.0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S1.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-1.4,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.4,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); %Combining inductor \draw (S1.in) to [inductor, l=$L$, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$, v = $u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] (S2.in) (S1.out) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{1,on}$} @@ -2506,7 +2506,7 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] %Boost part - \draw (4,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (4,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short]++(-4,0) (2.0,2) to [diode, l_=$D_2$, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (4,2) (2,1) node[npn](npn2) {} @@ -2515,7 +2515,7 @@ \subsection{Buck-boost converter} \draw let \p2 = (npn2.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x2,\y2) {$T_2$}; % Buck part \draw (0,0) to [short]++(-4,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-2,2) to [Tnpn, o-*, n=npn1] ++(-2,0) (-4,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] (-3.3,2) (-2,0) to [diode, l_=$D_1$, *-*] (-2,2); @@ -2713,16 +2713,16 @@ \subsection{Inverting buck-boost converter} \centering \hspace{-0.75cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0,-2); \draw (0,2) to [short, i_<=${i_2=0}$, -o] ++(-1.0,0); - \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}\hspace{0.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-4.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.5cm}U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} \end{subfigure}% @@ -2730,16 +2730,16 @@ \subsection{Inverting buck-boost converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [short, *-] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.5cm}U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-0.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}\hspace{0.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-0.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} \end{subfigure} @@ -2760,9 +2760,9 @@ \subsection{Inverting buck-boost converter} \begin{circuitikz}[] \draw(0,3) node[cute spdt mid, rotate=90] (S) {} (S.cout 2) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(3,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (A) (S.cout 1) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-3,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) to [short, o-o] (A) (S.out 1) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{on}$} (S.out 2) node[below, anchor = north west] {$S_\mathrm{off}$}; @@ -2790,9 +2790,9 @@ \subsection{Inverting buck-boost converter} \centering \hspace{-0.75cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, l=$L$, v=$u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(1.5,0) to [short] ++(0.25,0) @@ -2806,9 +2806,9 @@ \subsection{Inverting buck-boost converter} \begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [short, *-] ++(0,2) to [short, i<=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) @@ -2863,11 +2863,11 @@ \subsection{Inverting buck-boost converter} \draw (0,0) to [short, *-] ++(1.0,0) to [diode, l=$D$, invert] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, *-] ++(-1.0,0) to [Tnpn, n=npn1] ++(-1.0,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) to [short, o-o] (A) (0,0) to [inductor, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$, v=$u_\mathrm{L}(t)$,voltage = straight, *-*] ++(0,-2.5); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=north] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; @@ -3175,9 +3175,9 @@ \subsection{Component requirements} \vspace{-0.15cm} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-8.5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $u_1(t) \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-8.5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] (-7.0,2); \draw (-6.375,2) ++(0.625,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S) {} let \p1 = (S.mid) in (S.in) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(1,0) @@ -3185,7 +3185,7 @@ \subsection{Component requirements} to [short] ++(1,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (-4.5,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4.5,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \draw (-1.5,2) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C_2$, i>^=$i_{\mathrm{C_2}(t)}$] ++(0,-2); \draw (-7.0,2) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C_1$, i>^=$i_{\mathrm{C_1}(t)}$] ++(0,-2) (-7.0,2) to [short, *-] (S.out); @@ -3299,11 +3299,11 @@ \subsection{Component requirements} (S.cout 2) to [short] ++(2.5,0) coordinate (B) to [capacitor, *-*, l_=$C_2$, i>_=$i_{\mathrm{C_2}(t)}$] ++(0,-3) (B) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(2,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (A) (S.cout 1) to [short] ++(-2.5,0) coordinate (C) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C_1$, i>^=$i_{\mathrm{C_1}(t)}$] ++(0,-3) (C) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-2,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) to [short, o-o] (A) (S.out 1) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{on}$} (S.out 2) node[below, anchor = north west] {$S_\mathrm{off}$}; @@ -3357,16 +3357,16 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} \centering \hspace{-0.75cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0,-2); \draw (0,2) to [short, i_<=${i_2=0}$, o-o] ++(-1.0,0); - \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}\hspace{0.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-4.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.5cm}U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-1.8,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-4.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} \end{subfigure}% @@ -3374,16 +3374,16 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} \begin{subfigure}{0.45\textwidth} \centering \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (0,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to ++(-5,0) - to [open, o-o, v<= $U_1 \hspace{2cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) + to [open, o-o, v^<= $U_1$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) (-5,2) to [short, i=${i_1=0}$] ++(0.75,0) (-3.75,0) to [short, *-] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] (0,2); - \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v = ${\hspace{1.5cm}U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); - \draw (-0.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}\hspace{0.2cm}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-3.4,2) to [open, v^= ${U_{\mathrm{s}_1}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + \draw (-0.5,2) to [open, v_>=${U_{\mathrm{s}_2}}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} \end{subfigure} @@ -3400,14 +3400,14 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} \begin{circuitikz}[] \draw (0,2) to [capacitor, *-*] ++(0,-2); %Boost part - \draw (-5,2) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (-5,2) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, -*]++(5,0) (-5,2) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$]++(0.75,0) to [inductor, l=$L_1$] ++(1.5,0) to [short, i=$i_{\mathrm{L}_1}(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = in, yscale=-1] (S2) {} let \p2 = (S2.mid) in ([yshift = -0.3cm]S2.mid) to [short, o-*](\x2,0); - \draw (-2.75,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_1}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (-2.75,2) to [open, v_>=$u_{\mathrm{s}_1}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (S2.out) node[above, anchor = south] {$S_\mathrm{1,off}$} ([yshift = -0.3cm]S2.mid) node[above, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{1,on}$} (S2.out) to[short, -*] (0,2); @@ -3420,14 +3420,14 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} % Buck part \draw (0,0) to [short, o-]++(5,0) - (5,2) to [open, o-o, v= $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + (5,2) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (0,2) [short] ++(1.0,0) to ++(0.1,0) node [cuteopenswitchshape, anchor = out, rotate=180] (S1) {} let \p1 = (S1.mid) in (S1.in) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{L_2}(t)$] ++(0.90,0) to [inductor, l=$L_2$] ++(1.3,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (5,2) ([yshift = -0.3cm]S1.mid) to [short, o-*](\x1,0); - \draw (2.75,2) to [open, v = $\hspace{1.75cm}u_\mathrm{s_2}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + \draw (2.75,2) to [open, v^= $u_\mathrm{s_2}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (S1.out) node[above, anchor = south] {$S_\mathrm{2,on}$} ([yshift = -0.3cm]S1.mid) node[below, anchor = north west] {$S_\mathrm{2,off}$} (0,2) to [short, *-] (S1.out); @@ -3447,9 +3447,9 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} (S.cout 2) to [short] (S.cout 2 -| B) -- (B) (S.cout 1) to [short] (S.cout 1 -| A) -- (A) (B) to [inductor, -o, i=$i_2(t)$, l=$L_2$] ++(3,0) coordinate (C) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (S.cin -| C) -- (S.cin) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (S.cin -| C) -- (S.cin) (A) to [inductor, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$, l_=$L_1$, mirror] ++(-3,0) coordinate (D) - to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (S.cin -| D) -- (S.cin) + to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (S.cin -| D) -- (S.cin) (S.out 1) node[below, anchor = north east] {$S_\mathrm{on}$} (S.out 2) node[below, anchor = north west] {$S_\mathrm{off}$}; \end{circuitikz} @@ -3479,7 +3479,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} to [inductor, l_=$L_1$] (B); \draw (2,0) coordinate (C) to [capacitor, v = $u_\mathrm{C}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) to [inductor, l=$L_2$, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(3,0) coordinate (D) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.5cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (C); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} @@ -3494,7 +3494,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} to [short, -o] (0,0); \draw (4, 0) to [inductor, l_=$L_2$] ++(0,2) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.5cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (4, 0) to [short, -o] ++(0.75,0); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} @@ -3540,9 +3540,9 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} (A) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, *-*, invert] ++(0,-2) (B) to [diode, l=$D$, *-*] ++(0,-2) (B) to [inductor, -o, i=$i_2(t)$, l=$L_2$] ++(3,0) coordinate (C) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (A) to [inductor, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$, l_=$L_1$, mirror] ++(-3,0) coordinate (D) - to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, o-o] ++(9,0); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; \end{circuitikz} @@ -3567,9 +3567,9 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} (A) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, *-*, invert] ++(0,-2.5) (B) to [inductor, *-*, l=$L_2$, i=$i_\mathrm{L_2}(t)$] ++(0,-2.5) (B) to [diode, l=$D$, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(3,0) coordinate (C) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) (A) to [inductor, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$, l_=$L_1$, mirror] ++(-3,0) coordinate (D) - to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) + to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) to [short, o-o] ++(9,0); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; \end{circuitikz} @@ -3601,7 +3601,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} to [inductor, l=$L_2$, i_>=$i_\mathrm{L_2}(t)$] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (D) to [short] ++(-2,0) (4.5,2.5) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.5cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) + to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) to [short] ++(-0.75,0); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-on time} @@ -3616,7 +3616,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} to [inductor, l=$L_2$, i_>=$i_\mathrm{L_2}(t)$] ++(0,-2.5) coordinate (C) to [short, -o] (0,0); \draw (B) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$, *-o] ++(1,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.5cm}U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) + to [open, o-o, v^= $U_2$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.5) to [short, o-*] (C); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Switch-off time} @@ -3669,12 +3669,12 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} \begin{column}{0.5\textwidth} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4) coordinate (B) + \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4) coordinate (B) (A) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) to [Tnpn, bodydiode, n=npn1, invert] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [Tnpn, bodydiode, n=npn2, invert] ++(0,-2) coordinate (D) (C) to [short, *-, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(2,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) (D) to [short, *-] ++(2,0) (B) to [short, o-*] (D); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_1$}; @@ -3720,7 +3720,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} \begin{column}{0.55\textwidth}\onslide<1-> \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5) coordinate (B) + \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5) coordinate (B) (A) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert, bodydiode] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short, *-] ++(1,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0) @@ -3734,7 +3734,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} to [short, -*] ++(-2,0) to [short, -o] (B) (F) to [short,*-o] ++(2,0) coordinate (H) - (G) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (H); + (G) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (H); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_1$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn2.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_2$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn3.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_3$}; @@ -3776,7 +3776,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} \begin{column}{0.55\textwidth}\onslide<1-> \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5) coordinate (B) + \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5) coordinate (B) (A) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert, bodydiode] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short,*-] ++(2,0) @@ -3790,7 +3790,7 @@ \subsection{Further converter topologies} to [short, -*] ++(-2,0) to [short, -o] (B) (F) to [short,*-o] ++(2,0) coordinate (H) - (G) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (H); + (G) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (H); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_1$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn2.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_2$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn3.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_3$}; diff --git a/lecture/tex/Lecture03.tex b/lecture/tex/Lecture03.tex index ae1172e..77b54de 100644 --- a/lecture/tex/Lecture03.tex +++ b/lecture/tex/Lecture03.tex @@ -298,11 +298,11 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \draw (0,0) to [short, *-] ++(1.0,0) to [diode, l=$D$, invert] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, *-] ++(-1.0,0) to [Tnpn, n=npn1] ++(-1.0,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, o-o] (A) (0,0) to [inductor, *-*] ++(0,-2); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=north] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; @@ -312,11 +312,11 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \draw (0,0) to [short] ++(1.0,0) to [diode, l=$D$, invert] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short] ++(-1.0,0) to [Tnpn, n=npn1] ++(-1.0,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, o-o] (A) (-0.5,0) to [inductor, *-*, n=l1] ++(0,-2) (0.5,0) to [inductor, *-*, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2); @@ -340,11 +340,11 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \draw (0,0) to [short] ++(1.0,0) to [diode, l=$D$, invert] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short] ++(-1.0,0) to [Tnpn, n=npn1] ++(-1.0,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, o-o] (A) (-0.5,0) to [inductor, *-*, n=l1] ++(0,-2) (0.5,0) to [inductor, *-*, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2); @@ -360,11 +360,11 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \draw (0.5,0) to [short] ++(0.5,0) to [diode, l=$D$, invert] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (-0.5,0) to [short] ++(-0.5,0) to [Tnpn, n=npn1] ++(-1.0,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (B) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (B) (-0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) (0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) coordinate (D) (D) to [short, -o] (A) @@ -400,9 +400,9 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \draw (0.5,0) to [short] ++(0.5,0) to [diode, l=$D$] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (-0.5,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.5,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3.75) coordinate (B) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3.75) coordinate (B) (-0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(0,-1.75) coordinate (C) (0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) coordinate (D) @@ -438,10 +438,10 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \draw (0.5,0) to [short] ++(0.5,0) to [open] ++(1.0,0) to [short, -o, i={$i_2(t)=0$}] ++(1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (-0.5,0) to ++(-1,0) coordinate (E) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_1(t)$] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (B) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (B) (-0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) to [short] ++(0,-1) coordinate (C) (0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) coordinate (D) @@ -464,10 +464,10 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} \begin{circuitikz}[] \draw (0.5,0) to [short] ++(0.5,0) to [short, -o, i={$i_2(t)$}] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (-0.5,0) to ++(-1,0) coordinate (E) to [short, -o, i_<={$i_1(t)=0$}] ++(-1.0,0) - to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (B) + to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-3) coordinate (B) (-0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) to [open] ++(0,-1) coordinate (C) (0.5,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) coordinate (D) @@ -925,38 +925,6 @@ \subsection{Flyback converter} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \subsection{Forward converter} -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -%% Topology derivation based on the buck converter %% -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -\begin{frame} - \frametitle{Topology derivation based on the buck converter} - \begin{figure} - \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(2.0,0) coordinate (A) - to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2.0,0) - to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (B) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.0) coordinate (C) - (C) to [short, o-o] (B) - (A) to [diode, l=$D$, invert, *-*] ++(0,-2); - \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=north] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; - \draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,mirror,raise=0.5cm},yshift=0pt] (0,-2.0) -- (5.5,-2.0) node [black,midway,yshift=-0.6cm] {}; - \end{circuitikz} - \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [short] ++(2.0,0) coordinate (A) - to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2.0,0) - to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (B) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.0) coordinate (D) - (A) to [diode, l=$D$, invert, *-*] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) - (C) to [short, -o] (B) - (C) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] (D); - \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=south] at (\x1,\y1) {$T$}; - \end{circuitikz} - \end{figure} -\end{frame} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Topology derivation based on the buck converter %% @@ -969,8 +937,8 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} to [short] ++(2.0,0) coordinate (A) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2.0,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (B) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.0) coordinate (D) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (B) + (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.0) coordinate (D) (A) to [diode, l=$D$, invert, *-*] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) (C) to [short, -o] (B) (C) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] (D); @@ -983,13 +951,13 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} to [short] ++(2.0,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(-2.75,0) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.0); + (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2.0); \draw (3.75,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) to [short] ++(2,0) coordinate (A) to [diode, l_=$D_2$, *-*, v^<= $u_\mathrm{s}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) coordinate (B) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{2cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (A) (3.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] (B); \draw (2,-0.25) to [open, v = $u_\mathrm{p}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-1.5); @@ -1033,13 +1001,13 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} \draw (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.5,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(0,-2) -- (0,-4.0) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4.0); + (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4.0); \draw (2.5,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) to [short] ++(2,0) coordinate (A) to [diode, l_=$D_2$, *-*, v^<= $u_\mathrm{s}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) coordinate (B) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $u_2(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (A) (2.5,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] (B); \draw (0.75,-0.25) to [open, v = $u_\mathrm{p}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-1.5); @@ -1167,13 +1135,13 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} to [short] ++(1,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A2) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(0,-2) -- (0,-4.0) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4.0); + (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4.0); \draw (2.5,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) to [short] ++(2,0) coordinate (A) to [diode, l_=$D_2$, *-*] ++(0,2) coordinate (B) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $u_2(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (A) (2.5,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] (B) (A1) to [inductor, l_=$L_\mathrm{m}$, i=$i_\mathrm{m}(t)$, *-] ++(-0,-2) @@ -1201,7 +1169,7 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] %Asym. half-bridge - \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-6) coordinate (B) + \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-6) coordinate (B) (A) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short,*-] ++(2,0) @@ -1230,7 +1198,7 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} to [diode, l_=$D_2$, *-*, v^<= $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) coordinate (D1) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v^= $\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (C1) (A1) to [open] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] (D1) (G) to [inductor, l_=$L_\mathrm{m}$, i=$i_\mathrm{m}(t)$, *-*] ++(-0,-2) @@ -1324,7 +1292,7 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] %full-bridge - \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-6) coordinate (B) + \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-6) coordinate (B) (A) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert, bodydiode] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short,*-] ++(2,0) @@ -1355,7 +1323,7 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} to [diode, l_=$D_2$, *-*, v^<= $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) coordinate (D1) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v^= $\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (C1) (A1) to [open] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] (D1) (G) to [inductor, l_=$L_\mathrm{m}$, i=$i_\mathrm{m}(t)$, *-*] ++(-0,-2) @@ -1536,14 +1504,14 @@ \subsection{Forward converter} \draw (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.5,0) -- ++(1.0,0) to [inductor, n=l1] ++(0,-2) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) -- (0,-4.0) - (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4.0); + (0,0) to [open, o-o, v_= $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-4.0); %secondary side \draw (4.25,0) to [inductor, n=l2, mirror] ++(0,-2) to [short] ++(2,0) coordinate (A) to [diode, l_=$D_2$, *-*, v^<= $u_\mathrm{s}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,2) coordinate (B) to [inductor, l=$L$] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) - to [open, o-o, v = $u_2(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) + to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short] (A) (4.25,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] (B); %demag winding diff --git a/lecture/tex/Lecture04.tex b/lecture/tex/Lecture04.tex index f0379f1..77ff40c 100644 --- a/lecture/tex/Lecture04.tex +++ b/lecture/tex/Lecture04.tex @@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ \subsection{M1U circuit} \end{tikzpicture} \hspace{0.5cm} \begin{circuitikz}[] % circuit (center plot) - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D$] ++(1.5,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) @@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ \subsection{M1U circuit} (A2) to [short, -o] ++(-1.5,0) coordinate (A22) (T.B1) to [short, i=$i_\mathrm{s}(t)$] ++(1,0) coordinate (B1) (T.B2) to [short] ++(1,0) coordinate (B2); - \draw (A11) to [open, v=$u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (A22) - (B1) to [open, v = $u_\mathrm{s}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (B2); + \draw (A11) to [open, v=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (A22) + (B1) to [open, v = $u_\mathrm{s}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B2); \draw (B1) to [open] (B2 -| B1) coordinate (A) (B1) to [short] ++(0.25,0) to [diode, l=$D$] ++(1.5,0) @@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ \subsection{M1U circuit} \end{equation}} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)] - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D$] ++(1.5,0) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) @@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ \subsection{M1U circuit} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)] - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D$] ++(1.5,0) to [short, i=${i_2(t)}$] ++(0.75,0) coordinate (C) @@ -656,15 +656,15 @@ \subsection{M2U circuit} (T.A2) to [short] ++(0,-1) to [short, -o] ++(-1,0) coordinate (A2) (T.B1) to [short] ++(0, 1) coordinate (B1) (T.B2) to [short] ++(0,-1) coordinate (B2); - \draw (A1) to [open, v=$u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (A2); + \draw (A1) to [open, v=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (A2); \draw (B1) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(2.5,0) coordinate (C1) (B2) to [diode, l=$D_2$] ++(2.5,0) to [crossing, -*, mirror] (C1) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D) to [R, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight, l_=$R$] (T-L2.midtap -| D) to [short] (T-L2.midtap); - \draw let \p1 = (B1), \p2 = (T-L2.midtap) in (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y1) to [open, v^=$\hspace{0.5cm}{u_\mathrm{s,1}(t)}$, voltage = straight] (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y2); - \draw let \p1 = (B2), \p2 = (T-L2.midtap) in (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y1) to [open, v=$\hspace{0.5cm}{u_\mathrm{s,2}(t)}$, voltage = straight] (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y2); + \draw let \p1 = (B1), \p2 = (T-L2.midtap) in (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y1) to [open, v^=${u_\mathrm{s,1}(t)}$, voltage = straight] (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y2); + \draw let \p1 = (B2), \p2 = (T-L2.midtap) in (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y1) to [open, v=${u_\mathrm{s,2}(t)}$, voltage = straight] (\x1 + 0.5cm, \y2); \end{circuitikz}% \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(current bounding box.center), , visible on =<2->] \begin{axis}[ @@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ \subsection{B2U circuit} The B2U circuit also allows full-cycle rectification but without the need for a center-tapped transformer, that is, fully utilizes the input voltage without halving it on the output side. \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[baseline=(current bounding box.center)] - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$, -*] ++(2,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(2,0) coordinate (C) @@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ \subsection{B2U circuit} \frametitle{B2U uncontrolled rectifier circuit with capacitive output filtering} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz} - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i=$i_1(t)$, -*] ++(2,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(2,0) coordinate (C) @@ -1035,7 +1035,7 @@ \subsection{B2U circuit} \frametitle{B2U rectifier with capacitive output filtering and grid impedance} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz} - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [L, i>^=$i_1(t)$, -*, l=$L$, v=$u_\mathrm{L}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(3,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(2,0) coordinate (C) @@ -1593,7 +1593,7 @@ \subsection{B2U circuit} \frametitle{B2U rectifier impact on the grid voltage} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[scale = 0.8, transform shape] - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [L, i>^=$i_1(t)$, -*, l=$L$] ++(3,0) coordinate (G) node[label={above:$\mathrm{PCC}$}] {} to [L, l=$L_\mathrm{A}$, i^>=$i_{1\mathrm{A}}(t)$] ++(3,0) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate (K) @@ -1625,9 +1625,9 @@ \subsection{B2U circuit} to ++ (0.5,0) node[fourport, anchor = port4, name=load]{Load B} (A) to [short] (load.port1 -| A) to [short] (load.port1) - (I) to [open, v = $u_{1\mathrm{B}}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-0.9) - (J) to [open, v = $u_{1\mathrm{PCC}}(t)\hspace{1cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-0.9) - (K) to [open, v = $u_{1\mathrm{A}}(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); + (I) to [open, v = $u_{1\mathrm{B}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-0.9) + (J) to [open, v = $u_{1\mathrm{PCC}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-0.9) + (K) to [open, v = $u_{1\mathrm{A}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2); \end{circuitikz}% \caption{B2U rectifier and a second load connected to the grid} \label{fig:B2U_grid_with_second_load} @@ -1910,7 +1910,7 @@ \subsection{Power factor correction (PFC)} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz} % Input rectifier - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i>^=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (C) @@ -1935,7 +1935,7 @@ \subsection{Power factor correction (PFC)} (D) to [short] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (H) to [short] (DCDC.port1 -| H) -- ++(0.5,0) to [currtap, name=ct1] (DCDC.port1) - (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); + (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); % Output filter and load \draw (DCDC.port3) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.9,0) coordinate (I) @@ -2076,7 +2076,7 @@ \subsection{Power factor correction (PFC)} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz} % Input rectifier - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i>^=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (C) @@ -2098,7 +2098,7 @@ \subsection{Power factor correction (PFC)} (D) to [short] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (H) to [short] (DCDC.port1 -| H) -- ++(0.5,0) to [currtap, name=ct1] (DCDC.port1) - (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); + (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); % Inner part \draw (DCDC.port4) to [L, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) coordinate (boostup) @@ -2398,7 +2398,7 @@ \subsection{Power factor correction (PFC)} \begin{circuitikz}[scale = 0.8, transform shape] % Input rectifier - \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) + \draw (0,0) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) coordinate (A) (0,0) to [short, i>^=$i_1(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [short, -*] ++(0.75,0) to [diode, l=$D_1$] ++(0,1.5) to [short, -*] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (C) @@ -2419,7 +2419,7 @@ \subsection{Power factor correction (PFC)} (D) to [short] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (H) to [short] (DCDC.port1 -| H) -- ++(0.5,0) to [currtap, name=ct1] (DCDC.port1) - (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); + (DCDC.port4 -| G) to [open,v = $u'(t)$, voltage = straight] (DCDC.port1 -| G); % Inner part \draw (DCDC.port4) to [L, l=$L$] ++(1.75,0) coordinate (boostup) @@ -2628,7 +2628,7 @@ \subsection{M3U circuit} \draw (L2bend) to [diode, l=$D_2$] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D2end); \draw (L2cend) to [diode, l=$D_3$] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D3end) to [short, -*] (D2end) to [short, -*] (D1end); \draw (D1end) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate (u2) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(1.5,0) to [R, l=$R$] (Rend -| \tikztostart) to (Rend); - \draw (u2) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (Rend -| \tikztostart); + \draw (u2) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (Rend -| \tikztostart); \end{circuitikz}% \caption{M3U topology (aka \hl{three-pulse mid-point rectifier}) with an input three-phase transformer and a resistive load} \label{fig:M3U_topology} @@ -2732,7 +2732,7 @@ \subsection{M3U circuit} \draw (L2bend) to [diode, l=$D_2$] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D2end); \draw (L2cend) to [diode, l=$D_3$] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (D3end) to [short, -*] (D2end) to [short, -*] (D1end); \draw (D1end) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate (u2) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(0.75,0) to [L, l=$L$] ++(2,0) coordinate (Ctop) to [short, i = $i_\mathrm{R}(t)$] ++(1.5,0) to [R, l=$R$] (Rend -| \tikztostart) to (Rend); - \draw (u2) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (Rend -| \tikztostart); + \draw (u2) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (Rend -| \tikztostart); \draw (Ctop) to [C, l=$C$, i = $i_\mathrm{C}(t)$, v = $u_\mathrm{C}(t)$, voltage = straight, *-*] (Rend -| Ctop); \end{circuitikz}% \caption{M3U topology with an input three-phase transformer, a resistive load and output filter} @@ -2915,10 +2915,10 @@ \subsection{B6U circuit} \draw (C -| D5) to [short, *-] ++(-\hd/2,0) to [crossing, mirror] ++(-\hd,0) to [crossing, mirror] ++(-\hd,0) -- (C); \draw (D1top) to [short, -*] (D3top) to [short, -*] (D5top) to [short, i=$i_2(t)$] ++(2,0) to [R, l=$R$, name = R] (D6bot -| \tikztostart) to (D6bot); \draw (D2bot) to [short, -*] (D4bot) to [short, -*] (D6bot); - \draw ($(D5top)!.3!(D5top -| R)$) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ($(D6bot)!.3!(D6bot -| R)$); - \draw (A) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{1\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B); - \draw (B) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{1\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (C); - \draw (-0.5,-2*\vd) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{ca}}(t)\hspace{0.75cm}$, voltage = straight] (-0.5,0); + \draw ($(D5top)!.3!(D5top -| R)$) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ($(D6bot)!.3!(D6bot -| R)$); + \draw (A) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B); + \draw (B) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (C); + \draw (-0.5,-2*\vd) to [open, v^>=$u_{1\mathrm{ca}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (-0.5,0); \end{circuitikz} \caption{B6U topology (aka \hl{six-pulse bridge rectifier}) with resistive load} \label{fig:B6U_topology} @@ -3102,9 +3102,9 @@ \subsection{12-pulse recitifiers} \draw (D2bot) to [short, -*] (D4bot) to [short, -*] (D6bot) to [short, -o] ++(3,0) coordinate (B6U2bot); \end{scope} \draw (B6U2top) to [short] (B6U1bot) - (B6U1top) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6U2bot) - (B6U1top -| B6U1bot) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.7cm}u_{2,1}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6U1bot) - (B6U2top) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.7cm}u_{2,2}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6U2bot -| B6U2top); + (B6U1top) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6U2bot) + (B6U1top -| B6U1bot) to [open, v^>=$u_{2,1}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6U1bot) + (B6U2top) to [open, v^>=$u_{2,2}(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6U2bot -| B6U2top); \end{circuitikz}% \caption{12-pulse recitifier with B6U-2S topology: two B6U rectifiers connected in series} \label{fig:B6U-2S_topology_filter} @@ -3251,7 +3251,7 @@ \subsection{12-pulse recitifiers} %Connect bottom row \draw (D2bot) to [short,-*] (D4bot) to [short,-*] (D6bot) to [short,-*] (D8bot) to [short,-*] (D10bot) to [short,-*] (D12bot) to [short,-o] ++(2,0) coordinate (B6Ubot); %Output voltage - \draw (B6Utop) to [open, v^>=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6Ubot); + \draw (B6Utop) to [open, v^>=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (B6Ubot); \end{circuitikz}% \caption{12-pulse recitifier with B6U-2P topology: two B6U rectifiers connected in parallel} \label{fig:B6U-2P_topology_filter} diff --git a/lecture/tex/Lecture06.tex b/lecture/tex/Lecture06.tex index 4a251fa..608a062 100644 --- a/lecture/tex/Lecture06.tex +++ b/lecture/tex/Lecture06.tex @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} \draw (2,-1.5) node[cute spdt down arrow, xscale=-1] (Sw2) {}; \draw (Sw2.in) to [short, -o] ++(1,0) coordinate (out2); \draw (Sw1.in) to [short] ++(1.75,0) to [short, -o, i=$i_2(t)$] (Sw1.in -| out2) coordinate (out1); - \draw (out1) to [open, v^=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (out2); + \draw (out1) to [open, v^=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (out2); \draw (Sw1-out 1.n) to [short, -*] ++(0,0.5) coordinate (int1); \draw (Sw2-out 2.s) to [short] ++(0,-0.5) coordinate (int2); \draw (int2) to [short] (int2 -| Sw1-out 2.s) coordinate (int3) to [short, *-] (Sw1-out 2.s); @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} \draw (x1.east) to [short] (Sw2-out 1.n); \draw (int1) to [short] ++(-1,0) to [short, i_<=$i_1(t)$, -o] ++(-1,0) coordinate (in1); \draw (int3) to [short, -o] ++(-2,0) coordinate (in2); - \draw (in1) to [open, v=$u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (in2); + \draw (in1) to [open, v=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (in2); \draw node[anchor = east, xshift=-0.3cm] at (Sw1) {$s_1(t)$}; \draw node[anchor = east, xshift=-0.3cm] at (Sw2) {$s_2(t)$}; \end{circuitikz} @@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} \begin{column}{0.55\textwidth} \begin{figure} \begin{circuitikz}[] - \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5) coordinate (B) + \draw (0,4) coordinate (A) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-5) coordinate (B) (A) to [short, o-, i=$i_1(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert, bodydiode] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short, *-] ++(1,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0) @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} to [short, -*] ++(-2,0) to [short, -o] (B) (F) to [short,*-o] ++(2,0) coordinate (H) - (G) to [open, o-o, v = $\hspace{1.9cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (H); + (G) to [open, o-o, v^= $u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (H); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_1$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn2.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_2$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn3.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_3$}; @@ -865,8 +865,8 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} \draw ($(driver.south east)!0.5!(driver.east)$) to ++(0.25,0) |- (amp2.in); \draw[<-] (driver.west) to node[above]{$s_i(t)$} ++(-0.75,0) coordinate (D); \draw let \p1 = (D) in (B) to [short] ++($(\x1 - 0.5cm, 0)$) coordinate (E); - \draw let \p1 = (D) in (0,0) to [short, -o, -o, i<_=$i_1(t)$] ++($(\x1 - 0.5cm, 0)$) to [open, v=$u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (E); - \draw (C) to [open, v^=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, o-*] (B); + \draw let \p1 = (D) in (0,0) to [short, -o, -o, i<_=$i_1(t)$] ++($(\x1 - 0.5cm, 0)$) to [open, v=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (E); + \draw (C) to [open, v^=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] ++(0,-2) to [short, o-*] (B); \end{circuitikz} \caption{Actuation of one half-bridge branch} \label{fig:half_bridge_actuation} @@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} (Sw1-in) to [short, -o] ++(1,0) coordinate (F); \draw (F |- C) node[rground, anchor = south, name = gnd2]{} - (F) to [open, v={$u_2(t)\hspace{0.3cm}$}, voltage = straight] (gnd2); + (F) to [open, v={$u_2(t)$}, voltage = straight] (gnd2); \end{circuitikz}\\[1em] \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[ @@ -1201,11 +1201,11 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} ($(B) + (1.0,0)$) node[rotary switch ->=3 in 90 wiper 90, xscale=-1, anchor=out 2](Sw1){} (A) -| (Sw1-out 1.n) (C) -| (Sw1-out 3.s) - (Sw1-in) to [short, -o] ++(1,0) coordinate (F) + (Sw1-in) to [short, -o] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (F) (Sw1-out 2.w) to [short] (B); \draw (F |- C) node[rground, anchor = south, name = gnd2]{} - (F) to [open, v={$u_2(t)\hspace{0.3cm}$}, voltage = straight] (gnd2); + (F) to [open, v={$u_2(t)$}, voltage = straight] (gnd2); \end{circuitikz}\\[1em] \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[ @@ -1246,12 +1246,12 @@ \subsection{Single-phase AC/DC bridge converter} ($(C) + (1.75,0)$) node[rotary switch ->=4 in 90 wiper 90, xscale=-1, anchor=in](Sw1){} (A) -| (Sw1-out 1.n) (E) -| (Sw1-out 4.s) - (Sw1-in) to [short, -o] ++(1,0) coordinate (H) + (Sw1-in) to [short, -o] ++(1.25,0) coordinate (H) (Sw1-out 2.n) |- (B) (Sw1-out 3.s) |- (D); \draw (H |- E) node[rground, anchor = south, name = gnd2]{} - (H) to [open, v={$u_2(t)\hspace{0.3cm}$}, voltage = straight] (gnd2); + (H) to [open, v={$u_2(t)$}, voltage = straight] (gnd2); \end{circuitikz}\\[1em] \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[ @@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ \subsection{Rectifier operation for single-phase grids} \draw (-2,-1.5) node[cute spdt down arrow] (Sw2) {}; \draw (Sw2.in) to [short, -o] ++(-1,0) coordinate (out2); \draw (Sw1.in) to [short] ++(-1.75,0) to [short, -o, i_<=$i_2(t)$] (Sw1.in -| out2) coordinate (out1); - \draw (out1) to [open, v=$u_2(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (out2); + \draw (out1) to [open, v^=$u_2(t)$, voltage = straight] (out2); \draw (Sw1-out 1.n) to [short, -*] ++(0,0.5) coordinate (int1); \draw (Sw2-out 2.s) to [short] ++(0,-0.5) coordinate (int2); \draw (int2) to [short] (int2 -| Sw1-out 2.s) coordinate (int3) to [short, *-] (Sw1-out 2.s); @@ -1304,7 +1304,7 @@ \subsection{Rectifier operation for single-phase grids} \draw (x1.east) to [short] (Sw2-out 1.n); \draw (int1) to [short,i=$i_1(t)$] ++(1.5,0) coordinate (c1) to [short, i={$I_0$}, -o] ++(1,0) coordinate (in1); \draw (int3) to [short, -o] ++(2.5,0) coordinate (in2); - \draw (in1) to [open, v^=$\hspace{0.5cm}u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (in2); + \draw (in1) to [open, v^=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (in2); \draw node[anchor = west, xshift=0.3cm] at (Sw1) {$s_1(t)$}; \draw node[anchor = west, xshift=0.3cm] at (Sw2) {$s_2(t)$}; \draw (c1) to [capacitor, *-*, l=$C$, i_=$i_\mathrm{C}(t)$] (c1 |- int2); @@ -1485,9 +1485,9 @@ \subsection{Three-phase AC/DC bridge converter} \draw (Sw3.in) to [short, -o, i=$i_{2\mathrm{c}}(t)$] (Sw3.in -| out2) coordinate (out3); \draw (Sw3.in |- Sw2.in) to [short, -o, i=$i_{2\mathrm{b}}(t)$] (Sw2.in -| out2); \draw (Sw3.in |- Sw1.in) to [short, -o, i=$i_{2\mathrm{a}}(t)$] (Sw1.in -| out2); - \draw (out1) to [open, v^=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{2\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (out2); - \draw (out2) to [open, v^=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{2\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (out3); - \draw ($(out3) + (1.5,0)$) to [open, v_=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{2\mathrm{ca}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ($(out1) + (1.5,0)$); + \draw (out1) to [open, v^=$u_{2\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (out2); + \draw (out2) to [open, v^=$u_{2\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (out3); + \draw ($(out3) + (1.5,0)$) to [open, v_=$u_{2\mathrm{ca}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ($(out1) + (1.5,0)$); \draw (Sw1-out 1.n) to [short, -*] ++(0,0.5) coordinate (int1); \draw (Sw3-out 2.s) to [short] ++(0,-0.5) coordinate (int3); \draw (int3) to [short] (int3 -| Sw1-out 2.s) coordinate (int4) to [short, *-] (Sw1-out 2.s); @@ -1496,7 +1496,7 @@ \subsection{Three-phase AC/DC bridge converter} \draw (x1.east) to [short] (Sw2-out 1.n); \draw (int1) to [short] ++(-1,0) to [short, i_<=$i_1(t)$, -o] ++(-1,0) coordinate (in1); \draw (int4) to [short, -o] ++(-2,0) coordinate (in2); - \draw (in1) to [open, v=$u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (in2); + \draw (in1) to [open, v=$u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (in2); \draw node[anchor = east, xshift=-0.3cm] at (Sw1) {$s_1(t)$}; \draw node[anchor = east, xshift=-0.3cm] at (Sw2) {$s_2(t)$}; \draw node[anchor = east, xshift=-0.3cm] at (Sw3) {$s_3(t)$}; @@ -1523,7 +1523,7 @@ \subsection{Three-phase AC/DC bridge converter} (Z) node[rground, rotate=-90, name = gnd1]{} (A) to [short, *-o] ++(-2,0) coordinate (Y) (B) to [short, *-o] ++(-2,0) coordinate (X) - (Y) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (X) + (Y) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (X) (A) to [short, i=$i_{1}(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert, bodydiode] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short, *-] ++(1,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0) @@ -1544,9 +1544,9 @@ \subsection{Three-phase AC/DC bridge converter} to [short, -*] ++(-2,0) (F) to [short, *-] ++(1,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0) to [short, i=$i_{2\mathrm{b}}(t)$] ++(1,0) coordinate (V) to [short] ++(1,0) coordinate (H) (K) to [short, *-] ++(1,0) to [short, i=$i_{2\mathrm{c}}(t)$] ++(1,0) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate(W) to [short] ++(0.5,0) coordinate (L) - (G) to [open, o-o, v^=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{2\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (H) - (H) to [open, o-o, v^=$\hspace{0.75cm}u_{2\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (L) - ($(L) + (1.5,0)$) to [open, v_=$\hspace{0.75cm} u_{2\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ($(G) + (1.5,0)$); + (G) to [open, o-o, v^=$u_{2\mathrm{ab}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (H) + (H) to [open, o-o, v^=$u_{2\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] (L) + ($(L) + (1.5,0)$) to [open, v_=$u_{2\mathrm{bc}}(t)$, voltage = straight] ($(G) + (1.5,0)$); \draw let \p1 = (npn1.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_1$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn2.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_2$}; \draw let \p1 = (npn3.B) in node[anchor=east] at (\x1,\y1) {$T_3$}; @@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ \subsection{Three-phase AC/DC bridge converter} (Z) node[rground, rotate=-90, name = gnd1]{} (A) to [short, *-o] ++(-2,0) coordinate (Y) (B) to [short, *-o] ++(-2,0) coordinate (X) - (Y) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)\hspace{0.5cm}$, voltage = straight] (X) + (Y) to [open, o-o, v = $u_1(t)$, voltage = straight] (X) (A) to [short, i=$i_{1}(t)$] ++(2,0) coordinate (E) to [Tnpn, n=npn1, invert, bodydiode] ++(0,-2) coordinate (C) to [short, *-] ++(1,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0) to [crossing] ++(2,0)