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<title>File: Globals — Ruby-2.6.10</title>
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<span class='title'><a id='t2_doc_top' href='#'>File: Globals ▲</a></span>
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<h2 id="label-Pre-defined+variables">Pre-defined variables</h2>
<dl class="rdoc-list note-list"><dt>$!
<dd>
<p>The exception information message set by ‘raise’.</p>
</dd><dt>$@
<dd>
<p>Array of backtrace of the last exception thrown.</p>
</dd><dt>$&
<dd>
<p>The string matched by the last successful match.</p>
</dd><dt>$‘
<dd>
<p>The string to the left of the last successful match.</p>
</dd><dt>$‘
<dd>
<p>The string to the right of the last successful match.</p>
</dd><dt>$+
<dd>
<p>The highest group matched by the last successful match.</p>
</dd><dt>$1
<dd>
<p>The Nth group of the last successful match. May be > 1.</p>
</dd><dt>$~
<dd>
<p>The information about the last match in the current scope.</p>
</dd><dt>$=
<dd>
<p>This variable is no longer effective. Deprecated.</p>
</dd><dt>$/
<dd>
<p>The input record separator, newline by default.</p>
</dd><dt>$\
<dd>
<p>The output record separator for the print and IO#write. Default is nil.</p>
</dd><dt>$,
<dd>
<p>The output field separator for the print and Array#join.</p>
</dd><dt>$;
<dd>
<p>The default separator for String#split.</p>
</dd><dt>$.
<dd>
<p>The current input line number of the last file that was read.</p>
</dd><dt>$<
<dd>
<p>The virtual concatenation file of the files given on command line (or from $stdin if no files were given).</p>
</dd><dt>$>
<dd>
<p>The default output for print, printf. $stdout by default.</p>
</dd><dt>$_
<dd>
<p>The last input line of string by gets or readline.</p>
</dd><dt>$0
<dd>
<p>Contains the name of the script being executed. May be assignable.</p>
</dd><dt>$*
<dd>
<p>Command line arguments given for the script sans args.</p>
</dd><dt>$$
<dd>
<p>The process number of the Ruby running this script.</p>
</dd><dt>$?
<dd>
<p>The status of the last executed child process. This value is thread-local.</p>
</dd><dt>$:
<dd>
<p>Load path for scripts and binary modules by load or require.</p>
</dd><dt>$“
<dd>
<p>The array contains the module names loaded by require.</p>
</dd><dt>$DEBUG
<dd>
<p>The debug flag, which is set by the -d switch. Enabling debug output prints each exception raised to $stderr (but not its backtrace). Setting this to a true value enables debug output as if -d were given on the command line. Setting this to a false value disables debug output.</p>
</dd><dt>$LOADED_FEATURES
<dd>
<p>The alias to the $“.</p>
</dd><dt>$FILENAME
<dd>
<p>Current input file from $<. Same as $<.filename.</p>
</dd><dt>$LOAD_PATH
<dd>
<p>The alias to the $:.</p>
</dd><dt>$stderr
<dd>
<p>The current standard error output.</p>
</dd><dt>$stdin
<dd>
<p>The current standard input.</p>
</dd><dt>$stdout
<dd>
<p>The current standard output.</p>
</dd><dt>$VERBOSE
<dd>
<p>The verbose flag, which is set by the -w or -v switch. Setting this to a true value enables warnings as if -w or -v were given on the command line. Setting this to nil disables warnings, including from Kernel#warn.</p>
</dd><dt>$-0
<dd>
<p>The alias to $/.</p>
</dd><dt>$-a
<dd>
<p>True if option -a is set. Read-only variable.</p>
</dd><dt>$-d
<dd>
<p>The alias of $DEBUG. See $DEBUG above for further discussion.</p>
</dd><dt>$-F
<dd>
<p>The alias to $;.</p>
</dd><dt>$-i
<dd>
<p>In in-place-edit mode, this variable holds the extension, otherwise nil.</p>
</dd><dt>$-I
<dd>
<p>The alias to $:.</p>
</dd><dt>$-l
<dd>
<p>True if option -l is set. Read-only variable.</p>
</dd><dt>$-p
<dd>
<p>True if option -p is set. Read-only variable.</p>
</dd><dt>$-v
<dd>
<p>An alias of $VERBOSE. See $VERBOSE above for further discussion.</p>
</dd><dt>$-w
<dd>
<p>An alias of $VERBOSE. See $VERBOSE above for further discussion.</p>
</dd></dl>
<h2 id="label-Pre-defined+global+constants">Pre-defined global constants</h2>
<dl class="rdoc-list note-list"><dt>TRUE
<dd>
<p>The typical true value.</p>
</dd><dt>FALSE
<dd>
<p>The false itself.</p>
</dd><dt>NIL
<dd>
<p>The nil itself.</p>
</dd><dt>STDIN
<dd>
<p>The standard input. The default value for $stdin.</p>
</dd><dt>STDOUT
<dd>
<p>The standard output. The default value for $stdout.</p>
</dd><dt>STDERR
<dd>
<p>The standard error output. The default value for $stderr.</p>
</dd><dt>ENV
<dd>
<p>The hash contains current environment variables.</p>
</dd><dt>ARGF
<dd>
<p>The alias to the $<.</p>
</dd><dt>ARGV
<dd>
<p>The alias to the $*.</p>
</dd><dt>DATA
<dd>
<p>The file object of the script, pointing just after __END__.</p>
</dd><dt>RUBY_VERSION
<dd>
<p>The ruby version string (VERSION was deprecated).</p>
</dd><dt>RUBY_RELEASE_DATE
<dd>
<p>The release date string.</p>
</dd><dt>RUBY_PLATFORM
<dd>
<p>The platform identifier.</p>
</dd></dl>
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