diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index ff75d3cf90..5e84858862 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ list(APPEND fms_c_src_files
   mosaic/gradient_c2l.c
   mosaic/interp.c
   mosaic/mosaic_util.c
-  mosaic/read_mosaic.c
+  mosaic/get_global_area.c
   mpp/mpp_memuse.c
   parser/yaml_parser_binding.c
   parser/yaml_output_functions.c
diff --git a/mosaic/Makefile.am b/mosaic/Makefile.am
index d097207105..4aac5e4608 100644
--- a/mosaic/Makefile.am
+++ b/mosaic/Makefile.am
@@ -38,22 +38,22 @@ create_xgrid.c \
 gradient_c2l.c \
 interp.c \
 mosaic_util.c \
-read_mosaic.c \
+get_global_area.c \
 constant.h \
 create_xgrid.h \
 gradient_c2l.h \
 interp.h \
 mosaic_util.h \
-read_mosaic.h
+get_global_area.h
 
 # Some mods are dependant on other mods in this dir.
 grid_mod.$(FC_MODEXT): mosaic_mod.$(FC_MODEXT)
 
 # Mod files are built and then installed as headers.
 MODFILES = \
-  mosaic_mod.$(FC_MODEXT) \
-  grid_mod.$(FC_MODEXT) \
-  gradient_mod.$(FC_MODEXT)
+	mosaic_mod.$(FC_MODEXT) \
+	grid_mod.$(FC_MODEXT) \
+	gradient_mod.$(FC_MODEXT)
 nodist_include_HEADERS = $(MODFILES)
 BUILT_SOURCES = $(MODFILES)
 
diff --git a/mosaic/get_global_area.c b/mosaic/get_global_area.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..daba49b0f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mosaic/get_global_area.c
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/***********************************************************************
+ *                   GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *
+ * This file is part of the GFDL Flexible Modeling System (FMS).
+ *
+ * FMS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
+ * your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * FMS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with FMS.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ **********************************************************************/
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "get_global_area.h"
+#include "constant.h"
+
+/** \file
+ *  \ingroup mosaic
+ *  \brief Compute global area
+ */
+
+#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
+float get_global_area(void)
+{
+  float garea;
+#else
+  double get_global_area(void)
+{
+    double garea;
+#endif
+    garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
+
+    return garea;
+}
+
+#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
+  float get_global_area_(void)
+{
+    float garea;
+#else
+    double get_global_area_(void)
+{
+      double garea;
+#endif
+      garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
+
+      return garea;
+}
diff --git a/mosaic/get_global_area.h b/mosaic/get_global_area.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..271c5d362f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mosaic/get_global_area.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/***********************************************************************
+ *                   GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *
+ * This file is part of the GFDL Flexible Modeling System (FMS).
+ *
+ * FMS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
+ * your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * FMS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with FMS.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ **********************************************************************/
+#ifndef GET_GLOBAL_AREA_
+#define GET_GLOBAL_AREA_
+
+/* get global area */
+
+
+#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
+
+float get_global_area(void);
+
+#else
+
+double get_global_area(void);
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
+
+float get_global_area_(void);
+
+#else
+
+double get_global_area_(void);
+
+#endif  /* OVERLOAD_R4 */
+
+#endif
diff --git a/mosaic/read_mosaic.c b/mosaic/read_mosaic.c
deleted file mode 100644
index b855d4267b..0000000000
--- a/mosaic/read_mosaic.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,838 +0,0 @@
-/***********************************************************************
- *                   GNU Lesser General Public License
- *
- * This file is part of the GFDL Flexible Modeling System (FMS).
- *
- * FMS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
- * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
- * your option) any later version.
- *
- * FMS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with FMS.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- **********************************************************************/
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <math.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "read_mosaic.h"
-#include "constant.h"
-#include "mosaic_util.h"
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-#include <netcdf.h>
-#endif
-
-/** \file
- *  \ingroup mosaic
- *  \brief Support for reading mosaic netcdf grid files.
- */
-
-/*********************************************************************
-    void netcdf_error( int status )
-    status is the returning value of netcdf call. this routine will
-    handle the error when status is not NC_NOERR.
-********************************************************************/
-void handle_netcdf_error(const char *msg, int status )
-{
-  char errmsg[512];
-
-  sprintf( errmsg, "%s: %s", msg, (char *)nc_strerror(status) );
-  error_handler(errmsg);
-
-} /* handle_netcdf_error */
-
-/***************************************************************************
-  void get_file_dir(const char *file, char *dir)
-  get the directory where file is located. The dir will be the complate path
-  before the last "/". If no "/" exist in file, the path will be current ".".
-***************************************************************************/
-void get_file_dir(const char *file, char *dir)
-{
-  int len;
-  const char *strptr = NULL;
-
-  /* get the diretory */
-
-  strptr = strrchr(file, '/');
-  if(strptr) {
-    len = strptr - file;
-    strncpy(dir, file, len);
-  }
-  else {
-    len = 1;
-    strcpy(dir, ".");
-  }
-  dir[len] = 0;
-
-} /* get_file_dir */
-
-
-int field_exist(const char* file, const char *name)
-{
-  int ncid, varid, status;
-  char msg[512];
-  int existed=0;
-
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "field_exist: in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  status = nc_inq_varid(ncid, name, &varid);
-  if(status == NC_NOERR){
-    existed = 1;
-  }
-
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "field_exist: in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-#else  /* ndef use_netCDF */
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif  /* use_netcdf */
-
-  return existed;
-
-} /* field_exist */
-
-int get_dimlen(const char* file, const char *name)
-{
-  int ncid, dimid, status, len;
-  size_t size;
-  char msg[512];
-
-  len = 0;
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  status = nc_inq_dimid(ncid, name, &dimid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting dimid of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  status = nc_inq_dimlen(ncid, dimid, &size);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting dimension size of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  len = size;
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in closing file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-#else
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif
-
-  return len;
-
-} /* get_dimlen */
-
-/*******************************************************************************
-   void get_string_data(const char *file, const char *name, char *data)
-   get string data of field with "name" from "file".
-******************************************************************************/
-void get_string_data(const char *file, const char *name, char *data)
-{
-  int ncid, varid, status;
-  char msg[512];
-
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_inq_varid(ncid, name, &varid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting varid of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_get_var_text(ncid, varid, data);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting data of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-#else
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif
-
-} /* get_string_data */
-
-/*******************************************************************************
-   void get_string_data_level(const char *file, const char *name, const size_t *start, const size_t *nread, char *data)
-   get string data of field with "name" from "file".
-******************************************************************************/
-void get_string_data_level(const char *file, const char *name, char *data, const unsigned int *level)
-{
-  int ncid, varid, status, i;
-  size_t start[4], nread[4];
-  char msg[512];
-
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_inq_varid(ncid, name, &varid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting varid of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  for(i=0; i<4; i++) {
-    start[i] = 0; nread[i] = 1;
-  }
-  start[0] = *level; nread[1] = STRING;
-  status = nc_get_vara_text(ncid, varid, start, nread, data);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting data of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-#else
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif
-
-} /* get_string_data_level */
-
-
-/*******************************************************************************
-   void get_var_data(const char *file, const char *name, double *data)
-   get var data of field with "name" from "file".
-******************************************************************************/
-void get_var_data(const char *file, const char *name, void *data)
-{
-
-  int ncid, varid, status;
-  nc_type vartype;
-  char msg[512];
-
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_inq_varid(ncid, name, &varid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting varid of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  status = nc_inq_vartype(ncid, varid, &vartype);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "get_var_data: in getting vartype of of %s in file %s ", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  switch (vartype) {
-    case NC_DOUBLE:case NC_FLOAT:
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-      status = nc_get_var_float(ncid, varid, (float *)data);
-#else
-      status = nc_get_var_double(ncid, varid, (double *)data);
-#endif
-      break;
-    case NC_INT:
-      status = nc_get_var_int(ncid, varid, (int *)data);
-      break;
-    default:
-      sprintf(msg, "get_var_data: field %s in file %s has an invalid type, "
-              "the type should be NC_DOUBLE, NC_FLOAT or NC_INT", name, file);
-      error_handler(msg);
-  }
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting data of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-#else
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif
-
-} /* get_var_data */
-
-/*******************************************************************************
-   void get_var_data(const char *file, const char *name, double *data)
-   get var data of field with "name" from "file".
-******************************************************************************/
-void get_var_data_region(const char *file, const char *name, const size_t *start, const size_t *nread, void *data)
-{
-
-  int ncid, varid, status;
-  nc_type vartype;
-  char msg[512];
-
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "get_var_data_region: in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_inq_varid(ncid, name, &varid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting varid of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  status = nc_inq_vartype(ncid, varid, &vartype);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "get_var_data_region: in getting vartype of of %s in file %s ", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-
-  switch (vartype) {
-    case NC_DOUBLE:case NC_FLOAT:
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-      status = nc_get_vara_float(ncid, varid, start, nread, (float *)data);
-#else
-      status = nc_get_vara_double(ncid, varid, start, nread, (double *)data);
-#endif
-      break;
-    case NC_INT:
-      status = nc_get_vara_int(ncid, varid, start, nread, (int *)data);
-      break;
-    default:
-      sprintf(msg, "get_var_data_region: field %s in file %s has an invalid type, "
-              "the type should be NC_DOUBLE, NC_FLOAT or NC_INT", name, file);
-      error_handler(msg);
-  }
-
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "get_var_data_region: in getting data of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "get_var_data_region: in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-#else
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif
-
-} /* get_var_data_region */
-
-/******************************************************************************
-   void get_var_text_att(const char *file, const char *name, const char *attname, char *att)
-   get text attribute of field 'name' from 'file
-******************************************************************************/
-void get_var_text_att(const char *file, const char *name, const char *attname, char *att)
-{
-  int ncid, varid, status;
-  char msg[512];
-
-#ifdef use_netCDF
-  status = nc_open(file, NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in opening file %s", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_inq_varid(ncid, name, &varid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting varid of %s from file %s.", name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_get_att_text(ncid, varid, attname, att);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in getting attribute %s of %s from file %s.", attname, name, file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-  status = nc_close(ncid);
-  if(status != NC_NOERR) {
-    sprintf(msg, "in closing file %s.", file);
-    handle_netcdf_error(msg, status);
-  }
-#else
-  error_handler("read_mosaic: Add flag -Duse_netCDF when compiling");
-#endif
-
-} /* get_var_text_att */
-
-/***********************************************************************
-  return number of overlapping cells.
-***********************************************************************/
-int read_mosaic_xgrid_size_( const char *xgrid_file )
-{
-  return read_mosaic_xgrid_size(xgrid_file);
-}
-
-int read_mosaic_xgrid_size( const char *xgrid_file )
-{
-  int ncells;
-
-  ncells = get_dimlen(xgrid_file, "ncells");
-  return ncells;
-}
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-float get_global_area(void)
-{
-  float garea;
-#else
-  double get_global_area(void)
-  {
-    double garea;
-#endif
-    garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
-
-    return garea;
-  }
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-  float get_global_area_(void)
-  {
-    float garea;
-#else
-    double get_global_area_(void)
-    {
-      double garea;
-#endif
-      garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
-
-      return garea;
-    }
-
-
-    /****************************************************************************/
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-    void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area )
-#else
-        void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area )
-#endif
-    {
-      read_mosaic_xgrid_order1(xgrid_file, i1, j1, i2, j2, area);
-
-    }
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-    void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area )
-#else
-        void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area )
-#endif
-    {
-      int    ncells, n;
-      int    *tile1_cell, *tile2_cell;
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-      float garea;
-#else
-      double garea;
-#endif
-
-      ncells = get_dimlen(xgrid_file, "ncells");
-
-      tile1_cell       = (int *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(int));
-      tile2_cell       = (int *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(int));
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "tile1_cell", tile1_cell);
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "tile2_cell", tile2_cell);
-
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "xgrid_area", area);
-
-      garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
-
-      for(n=0; n<ncells; n++) {
-        i1[n] = tile1_cell[n*2] - 1;
-        j1[n] = tile1_cell[n*2+1] - 1;
-        i2[n] = tile2_cell[n*2] - 1;
-        j2[n] = tile2_cell[n*2+1] - 1;
-        area[n] /= garea; /* rescale the exchange grid area to unit earth area */
-      }
-
-      free(tile1_cell);
-      free(tile2_cell);
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_xgrid_order1 */
-
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-    void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, int *isc, int *iec )
-#else
-        void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, int *isc, int *iec )
-#endif
-    {
-      read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region(xgrid_file, i1, j1, i2, j2, area, isc, iec);
-
-    }
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-    void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, int *isc, int *iec )
-#else
-        void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, int *isc, int *iec )
-#endif
-    {
-      int    ncells, n, i;
-      int    *tile1_cell, *tile2_cell;
-      size_t start[4], nread[4];
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-      float garea;
-#else
-      double garea;
-#endif
-
-      ncells = *iec-*isc+1;
-
-      tile1_cell       = (int *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(int));
-      tile2_cell       = (int *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(int));
-      for(i=0; i<4; i++) {
-        start[i] = 0; nread[i] = 1;
-      }
-
-      start[0] = *isc;
-      nread[0] = ncells;
-      nread[1] = 2;
-
-      get_var_data_region(xgrid_file, "tile1_cell", start, nread, tile1_cell);
-      get_var_data_region(xgrid_file, "tile2_cell", start, nread, tile2_cell);
-
-      nread[1] = 1;
-
-      get_var_data_region(xgrid_file, "xgrid_area", start, nread, area);
-
-      garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
-
-      for(n=0; n<ncells; n++) {
-        i1[n] = tile1_cell[n*2] - 1;
-        j1[n] = tile1_cell[n*2+1] - 1;
-        i2[n] = tile2_cell[n*2] - 1;
-        j2[n] = tile2_cell[n*2+1] - 1;
-        area[n] /= garea; /* rescale the exchange grid area to unit earth area */
-      }
-
-      free(tile1_cell);
-      free(tile2_cell);
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_xgrid_order1 */
-
-    /* NOTE: di, dj is for tile1, */
-    /****************************************************************************/
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-    void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, float *di, float *dj )
-#else
-        void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, double *di, double *dj )
-#endif
-    {
-      read_mosaic_xgrid_order2(xgrid_file, i1, j1, i2, j2, area, di, dj);
-
-    }
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-    void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, float *di, float *dj )
-#else
-        void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, double *di, double *dj )
-#endif
-
-    {
-      int    ncells, n;
-      int    *tile1_cell, *tile2_cell;
-      double *tile1_distance;
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-      float garea;
-#else
-      double garea;
-#endif
-      ncells = get_dimlen(xgrid_file, "ncells");
-
-      tile1_cell       = (int    *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(int   ));
-      tile2_cell       = (int    *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(int   ));
-      tile1_distance   = (double *)malloc(ncells*2*sizeof(double));
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "tile1_cell", tile1_cell);
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "tile2_cell", tile2_cell);
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "xgrid_area", area);
-      get_var_data(xgrid_file, "tile1_distance", tile1_distance);
-
-      garea = 4*M_PI*RADIUS*RADIUS;
-
-      for(n=0; n<ncells; n++) {
-        i1[n] = tile1_cell[n*2] - 1;
-        j1[n] = tile1_cell[n*2+1] - 1;
-        i2[n] = tile2_cell[n*2] - 1;
-        j2[n] = tile2_cell[n*2+1] - 1;
-        di[n] = tile1_distance[n*2];
-        dj[n] = tile1_distance[n*2+1];
-        area[n] /= garea; /* rescale the exchange grid area to unit earth area */
-      }
-
-      free(tile1_cell);
-      free(tile2_cell);
-      free(tile1_distance);
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_xgrid_order2 */
-
-    /******************************************************************************
-  int read_mosaic_ntiles(const char *mosaic_file)
-  return number tiles in mosaic_file
-    ******************************************************************************/
-    int read_mosaic_ntiles_(const char *mosaic_file)
-    {
-      return read_mosaic_ntiles(mosaic_file);
-    }
-    int read_mosaic_ntiles(const char *mosaic_file)
-    {
-
-      int ntiles;
-
-      ntiles = get_dimlen(mosaic_file, "ntiles");
-
-      return ntiles;
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_ntiles */
-
-    /******************************************************************************
-  int read_mosaic_ncontacts(const char *mosaic_file)
-  return number of contacts in mosaic_file
-    ******************************************************************************/
-    int read_mosaic_ncontacts_(const char *mosaic_file)
-    {
-      return read_mosaic_ncontacts(mosaic_file);
-    }
-    int read_mosaic_ncontacts(const char *mosaic_file)
-    {
-
-      int ncontacts;
-
-      if(field_exist(mosaic_file, "contacts") )
-        ncontacts = get_dimlen(mosaic_file, "ncontact");
-      else
-        ncontacts = 0;
-
-      return ncontacts;
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_ncontacts */
-
-
-    /*****************************************************************************
-  void read_mosaic_grid_sizes(const char *mosaic_file, int *nx, int *ny)
-  read mosaic grid size of each tile, currently we are assuming the refinement is 2.
-  We assume the grid files are located at the same directory as mosaic_file.
-    *****************************************************************************/
-    void read_mosaic_grid_sizes_(const char *mosaic_file, int *nx, int *ny)
-    {
-      read_mosaic_grid_sizes(mosaic_file, nx, ny);
-    }
-    void read_mosaic_grid_sizes(const char *mosaic_file, int *nx, int *ny)
-    {
-      unsigned int ntiles, n;
-      char gridfile[STRING], tilefile[2*STRING];
-      char dir[STRING];
-      const int x_refine = 2, y_refine = 2;
-
-      get_file_dir(mosaic_file, dir);
-      ntiles = get_dimlen(mosaic_file, "ntiles");
-      for(n = 0; n < ntiles; n++) {
-        get_string_data_level(mosaic_file, "gridfiles", gridfile, &n);
-        sprintf(tilefile, "%s/%s", dir, gridfile);
-        nx[n] = get_dimlen(tilefile, "nx");
-        ny[n] = get_dimlen(tilefile, "ny");
-        if(nx[n]%x_refine != 0) error_handler("Error from read_mosaic_grid_sizes: nx is not divided by x_refine");
-        if(ny[n]%y_refine != 0) error_handler("Error from read_mosaic_grid_sizes: ny is not divided by y_refine");
-        nx[n] /= x_refine;
-        ny[n] /= y_refine;
-      }
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_grid_sizes */
-
-
-    /******************************************************************************
-  void read_mosaic_contact(const char *mosaic_file)
-  read mosaic contact information
-    ******************************************************************************/
-    void read_mosaic_contact_(const char *mosaic_file, int *tile1, int *tile2, int *istart1, int *iend1,
-                              int *jstart1, int *jend1, int *istart2, int *iend2, int *jstart2, int *jend2)
-    {
-      read_mosaic_contact(mosaic_file, tile1, tile2, istart1, iend1, jstart1, jend1, istart2, iend2, jstart2, jend2);
-    }
-
-    /* transfer the index from supergrid to model grid
-       return 0 if istart = iend
-       otherwise return 1.
-    */
-
-    int transfer_to_model_index(int istart_in, int iend_in, int *istart_out, int *iend_out, int refine_ratio)
-    {
-
-      int type;
-
-      if( istart_in == iend_in ) {
-        type = 0;
-        istart_out[0] = (istart_in+1)/refine_ratio-1;
-        iend_out[0]  = istart_out[0];
-      }
-      else {
-        type = 1;
-        if( iend_in > istart_in ) {
-          istart_out[0] = istart_in - 1;
-          iend_out[0]   = iend_in - refine_ratio;
-        }
-        else {
-          istart_out[0] = istart_in - refine_ratio;
-          iend_out[0]   = iend_in - 1;
-        }
-
-        if( istart_out[0]%refine_ratio || iend_out[0]%refine_ratio)
-          error_handler("Error from read_mosaic: mismatch between refine_ratio and istart_in/iend_in");
-        istart_out[0] /= refine_ratio;
-        iend_out[0]   /= refine_ratio;
-      }
-
-      return type;
-
-    }
-
-
-    void read_mosaic_contact(const char *mosaic_file, int *tile1, int *tile2, int *istart1, int *iend1,
-                             int *jstart1, int *jend1, int *istart2, int *iend2, int *jstart2, int *jend2)
-    {
-      char contacts[STRING];
-      char **gridtiles;
-#define MAXVAR 40
-      char pstring[MAXVAR][STRING];
-      unsigned int nstr, ntiles, ncontacts, n, m, l, found;
-      const int x_refine = 2, y_refine = 2;
-      int i1_type, j1_type, i2_type, j2_type;
-
-      ntiles = get_dimlen(mosaic_file, "ntiles");
-      gridtiles = (char **)malloc(ntiles*sizeof(char *));
-      for(n=0; n<ntiles; n++) {
-        gridtiles[n] = (char *)malloc(STRING*sizeof(char));
-        get_string_data_level(mosaic_file, "gridtiles", gridtiles[n], &n);
-      }
-
-      ncontacts = get_dimlen(mosaic_file, "ncontact");
-      for(n = 0; n < ncontacts; n++) {
-        get_string_data_level(mosaic_file, "contacts", contacts, &n);
-        /* parse the string contacts to get tile number */
-        tokenize( contacts, ":", STRING, MAXVAR, (char *)pstring, &nstr);
-        if(nstr != 4) error_handler("Error from read_mosaic: number of elements "
-                                    "in contact seperated by :/:: should be 4");
-        found = 0;
-        for(m=0; m<ntiles; m++) {
-          if(strcmp(gridtiles[m], pstring[1]) == 0) { /*found the tile name */
-            found = 1;
-            tile1[n] = m+1;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        if(!found) error_handler("error from read_mosaic: the first tile name specified "
-                                 "in contact is not found in tile list");
-        found = 0;
-        for(m=0; m<ntiles; m++) {
-          if(strcmp(gridtiles[m], pstring[3]) == 0) { /*found the tile name */
-            found = 1;
-            tile2[n] = m+1;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        if(!found) error_handler("error from read_mosaic: the second tile name specified "
-                                 "in contact is not found in tile list");
-        get_string_data_level(mosaic_file, "contact_index", contacts, &n);
-        /* parse the string to get contact index */
-        tokenize( contacts, ":,", STRING, MAXVAR, (char *)pstring, &nstr);
-        if(nstr != 8) error_handler("Error from read_mosaic: number of elements "
-                                    "in contact_index seperated by :/, should be 8");
-        /* make sure the string is only composed of numbers */
-        for(m=0; m<nstr; m++){
-          for(l=0; l<strlen(pstring[m]); l++){
-            if(pstring[m][l] > '9' ||  pstring[m][l] < '0' ) {
-              error_handler("Error from read_mosaic: some of the character in "
-                            "contact_indices except token is not digit number");
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        istart1[n] = atoi(pstring[0]);
-        iend1[n]   = atoi(pstring[1]);
-        jstart1[n] = atoi(pstring[2]);
-        jend1[n]   = atoi(pstring[3]);
-        istart2[n] = atoi(pstring[4]);
-        iend2[n]   = atoi(pstring[5]);
-        jstart2[n] = atoi(pstring[6]);
-        jend2[n]   = atoi(pstring[7]);
-        i1_type = transfer_to_model_index(istart1[n], iend1[n], istart1+n, iend1+n, x_refine);
-        j1_type = transfer_to_model_index(jstart1[n], jend1[n], jstart1+n, jend1+n, y_refine);
-        i2_type = transfer_to_model_index(istart2[n], iend2[n], istart2+n, iend2+n, x_refine);
-        j2_type = transfer_to_model_index(jstart2[n], jend2[n], jstart2+n, jend2+n, y_refine);
-        if( i1_type == 0 && j1_type == 0 )
-          error_handler("Error from read_mosaic_contact:istart1==iend1 and jstart1==jend1");
-        if( i2_type == 0 && j2_type == 0 )
-          error_handler("Error from read_mosaic_contact:istart2==iend2 and jstart2==jend2");
-        if( i1_type + j1_type != i2_type + j2_type )
-          error_handler("Error from read_mosaic_contact: It is not a line or overlap contact");
-
-      }
-
-      for(m=0; m<ntiles; m++) {
-        free(gridtiles[m]);
-      }
-
-      free(gridtiles);
-
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_contact */
-
-
-    /******************************************************************************
-  void read_mosaic_grid_data(const char *mosaic_file, const char *name, int nx, int ny,
-                             double *data, int level, int ioff, int joff)
-  read mosaic grid information onto model grid. We assume the refinement is 2 right now.
-  We may remove this restriction in the future. nx and ny are model grid size. level
-  is the tile number. ioff and joff to indicate grid location. ioff =0 and joff = 0
-  for C-cell. ioff=0 and joff=1 for E-cell, ioff=1 and joff=0 for N-cell,
-  ioff=1 and joff=1 for T-cell
-    ******************************************************************************/
-    void read_mosaic_grid_data(const char *mosaic_file, const char *name, int nx, int ny,
-                               double *data, unsigned int level, int ioff, int joff)
-    {
-      char   tilefile[STRING], gridfile[STRING], dir[STRING];
-      double *tmp;
-      int    ni, nj, nxp, nyp, i, j;
-
-      get_file_dir(mosaic_file, dir);
-
-      get_string_data_level(mosaic_file, "gridfiles", gridfile, &level);
-      sprintf(tilefile, "%s/%s", dir, gridfile);
-
-      ni = get_dimlen(tilefile, "nx");
-      nj = get_dimlen(tilefile, "ny");
-
-      if( ni != nx*2 || nj != ny*2) error_handler("supergrid size should be double of the model grid size");
-      tmp = (double *)malloc((ni+1)*(nj+1)*sizeof(double));
-      get_var_data( tilefile, name, tmp);
-      nxp = nx + 1 - ioff;
-      nyp = ny + 1 - joff;
-      for(j=0; j<nyp; j++) for(i=0; i<nxp; i++) data[j*nxp+i] = tmp[(2*j+joff)*(ni+1)+2*i+ioff];
-      free(tmp);
-
-    } /* read_mosaic_grid_data */
diff --git a/mosaic/read_mosaic.h b/mosaic/read_mosaic.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3612fb7bcb..0000000000
--- a/mosaic/read_mosaic.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
-/***********************************************************************
- *                   GNU Lesser General Public License
- *
- * This file is part of the GFDL Flexible Modeling System (FMS).
- *
- * FMS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
- * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
- * your option) any later version.
- *
- * FMS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with FMS.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- **********************************************************************/
-#ifndef READ_MOSAIC_H_
-#define READ_MOSAIC_H_
-
-/* netcdf helpers */
-/* perhaps should consider making static, or breaking out into seperate file,
-   some of these names (field_exist) could pollute namespace... */
-
-void handle_netcdf_error(const char *msg, int status );
-
-void get_file_dir(const char *file, char *dir);
-
-int field_exist(const char* file, const char *name);
-
-int get_dimlen(const char* file, const char *name);
-
-void get_string_data_level(const char *file, const char *name, char *data, const unsigned int* level);
-
-void get_var_data(const char *file, const char *name, void *data);
-
-void get_var_data_region(const char *file, const char *name, const size_t *start, const size_t *nread, void *data);
-
-void get_string_data(const char *file, const char *name, char *data);
-
-void get_var_text_att(const char *file, const char *name, const char *attname, char *att);
-/* end netcdf helpers */
-
-int read_mosaic_xgrid_size( const char *xgrid_file );
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, int *isc, int *iec );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2,
-                              float *area, float *di, float *dj );
-
-float get_global_area(void);
-
-#else
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, int *isc, int *iec );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2,
-                              double *area, double *di, double *dj );
-
-double get_global_area(void);
-
-#endif
-
-int read_mosaic_ntiles(const char *mosaic_file);
-
-int read_mosaic_ncontacts(const char *mosaic_file);
-
-void read_mosaic_grid_sizes(const char *mosaic_file, int *nx, int *ny);
-
-void read_mosaic_contact(const char *mosaic_file, int *tile1, int *tile2, int *istart1, int *iend1,
-                         int *jstart1, int *jend1, int *istart2, int *iend2, int *jstart2, int *jend2);
-
-int transfer_to_model_index(int istart_in, int iend_in, int *istart_out, int *iend_out, int refine_ratio);
-
-void read_mosaic_grid_data(const char *mosaic_file, const char *name, int nx, int ny,
-                           double *data, unsigned int level, int ioff, int joff);
-
-
-void read_mosaic_contact_(const char *mosaic_file, int *tile1, int *tile2, int *istart1, int *iend1,
-                          int *jstart1, int *jend1, int *istart2, int *iend2, int *jstart2, int *jend2);
-
-int read_mosaic_xgrid_size_( const char *xgrid_file );
-
-int read_mosaic_ntiles_(const char *mosaic_file);
-
-int read_mosaic_ncontacts_(const char *mosaic_file);
-
-void read_mosaic_grid_sizes_(const char *mosaic_file, int *nx, int *ny);
-
-#ifdef OVERLOAD_R4
-
-float get_global_area_(void);
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, int *isc, int *iec );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, float *area, float *di, float *dj );
-
-#else
-
-double get_global_area_(void);
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order1_region_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, int *isc, int *iec );
-
-void read_mosaic_xgrid_order2_(const char *xgrid_file, int *i1, int *j1, int *i2, int *j2, double *area, double *di, double *dj );
-
-#endif  /* OVERLOAD_R4 */
-
-#endif