03-Python-Numbers.ipynb

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    "### 03-Python Numbers\n",
    "\n",
    "Welcome Highlanders! \n",
    "\n",
    "In this class we are goint to begin discussing the very basics of working with numbers in Python. This should be straight forward."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "## Main Types of Numbers\n",
    "\n",
    "Integers are whole numbers. Float (floating point) numbers are numbers with a decimal point."
   ]
  },
  {
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "100"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "type(100)"
   ]
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "1.2"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "type(1.2)"
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   "source": [
    "type(100.0)"
   ]
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    "type(100.)"
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   "source": [
    "### Basic Arithmetic"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#Addition\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Subtraction\n",
    "2-1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Multiplication\n",
    "2*2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Division\n",
    "3/2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Division always returns floats!\n",
    "1/1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Powers\n",
    "2 ** 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "2 ** (1/2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Order of Operations\n",
    "1 + 2 * 1000 + 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Python execute first the parenthesis \n",
    "(1 + 2) * (1000 + 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Python executes first the multiplication and the division than addition and subtraction\n",
    "1 + 10 * 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# But you can change this using parenthesis\n",
    "(1 + 10) * 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Assigning Variables"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "type(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a + 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a + b"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "print('The current value of a is {}'.format(a))\n",
    "\n",
    "# Reassignment\n",
    "a = 1000\n",
    "\n",
    "print('The new value of a is {}'.format(a))"
   ]
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  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a + b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Reassignment with same variable"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Keep in mind, if you run this more than once, you will keep running a = a+a!\n",
    "a = a + a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = a + a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### <font color='green'>Task:</font> Create a string variable, print it and then reassign it into a float"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Excellent work Highlander! Time to move on to the other basic data types."
   ]
  }
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