macos.md

Setup instructions

You will find below the instructions to set up you computer for Le Wagon Web Development course

Please read them carefully and execute all commands in the following order. If you get stuck, don't hesitate to ask a teacher for help 🙋

Let's start 🚀

Zoom

To be able to interact when we are not in the same physical room, we will be using Zoom, a video conferencing tool.

⚠️ If you already have Zoom installed, please make sure that the version is at least 5.6.

• Go to https://zoom.us/download
• Under Zoom Client click the Download button
• Open the file you have just downloaded to install the app
• Open the Zoom app
• If you already have a Zoom account, sign in using your credentials
• If not, click on the Sign Up Free link:

You will be redirected to Zoom's website to complete a form.

When it's done, go back to the Zoom app and sign in using your credentials.

You should then see a screen like this:

You can now close the Zoom app.

GitHub account

Have you signed up to GitHub? If not, do it right away.

👉 Upload a picture and put your name correctly on your GitHub account. This is important as we'll use an internal dashboard with your avatars. Please do this now, before you continue with this guide.

Apple Silicon Chips

If you bought your computer after late 2020, chances are it has a new Apple silicon chip instead of an Intel processor: let's find out.

Open a new terminal window from Applications > Utilities or search for it with Spotlight:

Copy-paste the following command in the terminal and hit ENTER to execute.

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lewagon/setup/master/utils/macos_list_processor_type.sh)"

☝️ The result of the command should indicate whether your computer uses Apple Silicon.

If your computer uses Apple Silicon, expand the paragraph below and go through it. Otherwise ignore it.

👉  Setup for Apple Silicon 👈

Uninstall Homebrew

We need to uninstall Homebrew in case a native version was installed.

Execute the following command in the terminal:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/uninstall.sh)"

If brew was not installed you will get the message brew: command not found!

Configure Terminal for Rosetta

Open the Finder app (or search for it with Spotlight).

Go to Applications > Utilities.

Duplicate the terminal app (select it, then CMD + C, CMD + V), and rename a copy as Terminal Rosetta.

Press CMD + I on the Terminal Rosetta app, then check the box "Open using Rosetta".

⚠️ From now on during the bootcamp, whenever you are asked to open a Terminal, you will use the Terminal Rosetta app.

Launch the Terminal app. You will be prompted to install Rosetta. Click Install.

A note about quitting apps on a Mac

Clicking the little red cross in the top left corner of the application window on a Mac does not really quit it, it just closes an active window. To quit the application for real either press CMD + Q when the application is active, or navigate to APP_NAME -> Quit in the menu bar.

During this setup you will be asked to quit and re-open applications multiple times, please make sure you do it properly 🙏

Command Line Tools

Open a new terminal, copy-paste the following command and hit ENTER:

xcode-select --install

If you receive the following message, you can just skip this step and go to next step.

# command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates

Otherwise, it will open a window asking you if you want to install some software: click on "Install" and wait.

✔️ If you see the message "The software was installed" then all good 👍

❌ If the command xcode-select --install fails try again: sometimes the Apple servers are overloaded.

❌ If you see the message "Xcode is not currently available from the Software Update server", you need to update the software update catalog:

sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog

Once this is done, you can try to install again.

Homebrew

Homebrew](http://brew.sh/) is a package manager: it's a software used to install other software from the command line. Let's install it!

Open a terminal and run:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

This will ask for your confirmation (hit ENTER) and your macOS user account password (the one you use to log in when you reboot your Macbook).

⚠️ When you you type your password, nothing will show up on the screen, that's normal. This is a security feature to mask not only your password as a whole but also its length. Just type your password and when you're done, press ENTER.

If you already have Homebrew, it will tell you so, that's fine, go on.

Then install some useful software:

brew update

If you get a /usr/local must be writable error, just run this:

sudo chown -R $USER:admin /usr/local
brew update

Error message or not, proceed running the following in the terminal (you can copy / paste all the lines at once).

brew upgrade git         || brew install git
brew upgrade gh          || brew install gh
brew upgrade wget        || brew install wget
brew upgrade imagemagick || brew install imagemagick
brew upgrade jq          || brew install jq
brew upgrade openssl     || brew install openssl

Visual Studio Code

Installation

Let's install Visual Studio Code text editor.

Copy (CMD + C) the command below then paste it in your terminal (CMD + V):

brew install --cask visual-studio-code

Then launch VS Code by running the following command in your terminal:

code

✔️ If a VS Code window has just opened, you're good to go 👍

❌ Otherwise, please contact a teacher

VS Code Extensions

Installation

Let's install some useful extensions to VS Code.

Copy-paste the following commands in your terminal:

code --install-extension ms-vscode.sublime-keybindings
code --install-extension emmanuelbeziat.vscode-great-icons
code --install-extension MS-vsliveshare.vsliveshare
code --install-extension rebornix.ruby
code --install-extension dbaeumer.vscode-eslint

Here is a list of the extensions you are installing:

• Sublime Text Keymap and Settings Importer
• VSCode Great Icons
• Live Share
• Ruby
• ESLint

Live Share configuration

Visual Studio Live Share is a VS Code extension which allows you to share the code in your text editor for debugging and pair-programming: let's set it up!

Launch VS Code from your terminal by typing code and pressing ENTER.

Click on the little arrow at the bottom of the left bar 👇

• Click on the "Share" button, then on "GitHub (Sign in using GitHub account)".
• A popup appears asking you to sign in with GitHub: click on "Allow".
• You are redirected to a GitHub page in you browser asking you to authorize Visual Studio Code: click on "Continue" then "Authorize github".
• VS Code may display additional pop-ups: close them by clicking "OK".

That's it, you're good to go!

macOS Terminal Theme

Launch a terminal, click on Terminal > Preferences and set the "Pro" theme as default profile.

Quit and restart your terminal: it should now have a nice black background, easier on the eyes.

Oh-my-zsh

Let's install the zsh plugin Oh My Zsh.

In a terminal execute the following command:

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

If asked "Do you want to change your default shell to zsh?", press Y

At the end your terminal should look like this:

✔️ If it does, you can continue 👍

❌ Otherwise, please ask for a teacher

SSH Key

Generation

We need to generate SSH keys which are going to be used by GitHub to authenticate you. You can think of it as a way to log in, but different from the well known username/password pair.

If you already generated keys that you already use with other services, you can skip this step.

Open a terminal and copy-paste this command, replacing the email with yours (the same one you used to create your GitHub account).

mkdir -p ~/.ssh && ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -o -a 100 -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 -C "[email protected]"

It will prompt for information. Just press enter until it asks for a passphrase.

⚠️ When asked for a passphrase, put something you want and that you'll remember. It's a password to protect your private key stored on your hard drive.

⚠️ When you you type your passphrase, nothing will show up on the screen, that's normal. This is a security feature to mask not only your passphrase as a whole but also its length. Just type your passphrase and when you're done, press ENTER.

Giving your public key to GitHub

Now, you will give your public key to GitHub.

In your terminal copy-paste the following command:

cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub

It will prompt on the screen the content of the id_ed25519.pub file.

• Copy that text from ssh to the end of your email address
• Go to github.com/settings/ssh
• Click on the green button New SSH key
• Fill in the Title with your computer name (Macbook Pro for instance)
• Paste the key
• Finish by clicking on the Add SSH key green button.

To check that this step is completed, in the terminal run this.

ssh -T [email protected]

⚠️ You will be prompted a warning, type yes then ENTER.

This is the expected result:

# Hi --------! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access

✔️ If you got this message, the key was added to GitHub successfully 👍

❌ If you encountered an error, you will have to try again. Do not hesitate to contact a teacher.

If ssh -T [email protected] does not work

Try running this command before trying again:

ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

GitHub CLI

CLI is the acronym of Command-line Interface.

In this section, we will install GitHub CLI to perform useful actions with GitHub data directly from the terminal.

It should already be installed on your computer from the previous commands.

First in order to login, copy-paste the following command in your terminal:

⚠️ DO NOT edit the email

gh auth login -s 'user:email' -w

You will get the following output:

! First copy your one-time code: 0EF9-D015
- Press Enter to open github.com in your browser...

Select and copy the code (0EF9-D015 in the example), then press ENTER.

Your browser will open and ask you to authorize GitHub CLI to use your GitHub account. Accept and wait a bit.

Come back to the terminal, press ENTER again, and that's it.

To check that you are properly connected, type:

gh auth status

✔️ If you get Logged in to github.com as <YOUR USERNAME> , then all good 👍

❌ If not, contact a teacher.

Then run the following configuration line:

gh config set git_protocol ssh

Dotfiles (Standard configuration)

Hackers love to refine and polish their shell and tools.

We'll start with a great default configuration provided by Le Wagon: lewagon/dotfiles.

As your configuration is personal, you need your own repository storing it. So you will fork Le Wagon repository.

Forking means that you will create a new repo in your own GitHub account $GITHUB_USERNAME/dotfiles, identical to the original Le Wagon one that you will be able to modify at will.

Open your terminal and run the following commands:

export GITHUB_USERNAME=`gh api user | jq -r '.login'`
echo $GITHUB_USERNAME

✔️ You should see your GitHub username printed.

❌ If not, stop here and ask for help. There may be a problem with the previous step (gh auth).

Time to fork the repo and clone it on your computer:

mkdir -p ~/code/$GITHUB_USERNAME && cd $_
gh repo fork lewagon/dotfiles --clone

Run the dotfiles installer:

cd ~/code/$GITHUB_USERNAME/dotfiles
zsh install.sh

Check the emails registered with your GitHub Account. You'll need to pick one at the next step:

gh api user/emails | jq -r '.[].email'

Run the git installer:

cd ~/code/$GITHUB_USERNAME/dotfiles && zsh git_setup.sh

☝️ This will prompt you for your name (FirstName LastName) and your email.

⚠️ You need to put one of the email listed above thanks to the previous gh api ... command. If you don't do that, Kitt won't be able to track your progress.

Please now quit all your opened terminal windows.

rbenv

Let's install rbenv, a software to install and manage ruby environments.

First, we need to clean up any previous Ruby installation you might have:

rvm implode && sudo rm -rf ~/.rvm
# If you got "zsh: command not found: rvm", carry on. It means `rvm` is not
# on your computer, that's what we want!

sudo rm -rf $HOME/.rbenv /usr/local/rbenv /opt/rbenv /usr/local/opt/rbenv

⚠️ This command may prompt for your password.

⚠️ When you you type your password, nothing will show up on the screen, that's normal. This is a security feature to mask not only your password as a whole but also its length. Just type your password and when you're done, press ENTER.

Then in the terminal, run:

brew uninstall --force rbenv ruby-build

Then quit all your opened terminal windows (CMD + Q) and restart one. Then run:

brew install rbenv

Ruby

Installation

Now, you are ready to install the latest ruby version and set it as the default version.

Run this command, it will take a while (5-10 minutes)

rbenv install 2.7.3

Once the ruby installation is done, run this command to tell the system to use the 2.7.3 version by default.

rbenv global 2.7.3

Then restart your terminal again (close it and reopen it).

ruby -v

✔️ If you see something starting with ruby 2.7.3p then you can proceed +1:

❌ If not, ask a teacher

Installing some gems

If you are in China

⚠️ If you are in China, you should update the way we'll install gem with the following commands.

# China only!
gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
gem sources -a https://gems.ruby-china.com/
gem sources -l
# *** CURRENT SOURCES ***
# https://gems.ruby-china.com/
# Ruby-china.com must be in the list now

In the ruby world, we call external libraries gems: they are pieces of ruby code that you can download and execute on your computer. Let's install some!

In your terminal, copy-paste the following command:

gem install rake bundler rspec rubocop rubocop-performance pry pry-byebug colored http

✔️ If you get xx gems installed, then all good 👍

❌ If you encounter the following error:

ERROR: While executing gem ... (TypeError)
incompatible marshal file format (can't be read)
format version 4.8 required; 60.33 given

Run the following command:

rm -rf ~/.gemrc

Rerun the command to install the gems.

⚠️ NEVER install a gem with sudo gem install! Even if you stumble upon a Stackoverflow answer (or the terminal) telling you to do so.

Node.js

Node.js is a JavaScript runtime to execute JavaScript code in the terminal. Let's install it with nvm, a version manager for Node.js.

In a terminal, execute the following command:

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.37.0/install.sh | zsh

Restart your terminal and run the following:

nvm -v

You should see a version. If not, ask a teacher.

Now let's install node:

nvm install 14.15

When the installation is finished, run:

node -v

✔️ If you see v14.15, the installation succeeded 👍

❌ If not, contact a teacher

yarn

yarn is a package manager to install JavaScript libraries. Let's install it:

In a terminal, run the following command:

npm install --global yarn

Restart your terminal and run the following command:

yarn -v

✔️ If you a version, you're good 👍

❌ If not, ask for a teacher

PostgreSQL

In a few weeks, we'll talk about databases and SQL and you'll need something called PostgreSQL, an open-source robust and production-ready database system.

Let's install it now.

Run the following commands:

brew install postgresql
brew services start postgresql

Once you've done that, let's check that it worked:

psql -d postgres

If you enter a new prompt like this one, you're good!

psql (13.3)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=#

To quit it, type \q then Enter.

Check-up

Let's check if you successfully installed everything.

Quit all opened Terminal, open a new one and run the following commands:

curl -Ls https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lewagon/setup/master/check.rb > _.rb && ruby _.rb && rm _.rb || rm _.rb

:check_mark: If you get a green Awesome! Your computer is now ready!, then you're good 👍

❌ If not, contact a teacher.

Kitt

⚠️ If you have received an email from Le Wagon inviting you to sign up on Kitt (our learning platform), you can safely skip this step. Instead, please follow the instructions in the email you received if you haven't done so already.

If you are unsure about what to do, you can follow this link. If you are already logged in, you can safely skip this section. If you are not logged in, click on Enter Kitt as a Student. If you manage to login, you can safely skip this step. Otherwise ask a teacher whether you should have received an email or follow the instructions below.

Register as a Wagon alumni by going to kitt.lewagon.com/onboarding. Select your batch, sign in with GitHub and enter all your information.

Your teacher will then validate that you are indeed part of the batch. You can ask him to do it as soon as you completed the registration form.

Once the teacher has approved your profile, go to your email inbox. You should have 2 emails:

• One from Slack, inviting you to the Le Wagon Alumni slack community (where you'll chat with your buddies and all the previous alumni). Click on Join and fill the information.
• One from GitHub, inviting you to lewagon team. Accept it otherwise you won't be able to access the lecture slides.

Slack

Slack is a communcation platform pretty popular in the tech industry.

Installation

Download the Slack app and install it.

Settings

Launch the app and sign in to lewagon-alumni organization.

Make sure you upload a profile picture 👇

The idea is that you'll have Slack open all day, so that you can share useful links / ask for help / decide where to go to lunch / etc.

To ensure that everything is working fine for video calls, let's test your camera and microphone:

• Open the Slack app
• In any channel message bar type /call --test and press ENTER
• Click on the "Start test" green button

✔️ When the test is finished, you should see green "Succeed" messages at least for your microphone and camera. 👍

❌ If not, contact a teacher.

You can also install Slack app on your phone and sign in lewagon-alumni!

macOS settings

Security

It is mandatory that you protect your session behind a password.If it is not already the case, go to  > System Preferences > Users & Groups and change your account password. You should also go to  > System Preferences > Security > General. You should require a password 5 seconds after sleep or screen saver begins.

You can also go to  > System Preferences > Mission Control and click on the Hot Corners button at the bottom left. Choose for the bottom right corner to start the screen saver. That way, when you leave your desk, you can quickly lock you screen by putting your mouse in the bottom right corner. 5 seconds after, your Macbook will be locked and will ask for a password to get back on the session.

Keyboard

As you become a programmer, you'll understand that leaving the keyboard takes a lot of time, so you'll want to minimize using the trackpad or the mouse. Here are a few tricks on macOS to help you do that.

Keyboard speed

Go to  > System Preferences > Keyboard. Set Key Repeat to the fastest position (to the right) and Delay Until Repeat to the shortest position (to the right).

Full Keyboard Access

Go to  > System Preferences > Keyboard. Click on the third tab (Shortcuts). At the bottom of the pane, click the radio button All controls. This way when you get a dialog with several options, you'll be able to type ENTER to confirm, or SPACE to choose the cancel option. If you have more than two options, you can use tab to circle between them.

macOS For hackers

Read this script and cherry-pick some stuff you think will suit you. For instance, you can type in the terminal this one:

# Expanding the save panel by default
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode -bool true
defaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint -bool true
defaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint2 -bool true

# Save screenshots to the Desktop (or elsewhere)
defaults write com.apple.screencapture location "${HOME}/Desktop"

# etc..

Pin apps to your dock

You are going to use most of the apps you've installed today really often. Let's pin them to your dock so that they are just one click away!

To pin an app to your dock, launch the app, right-click on the icon in the taskbar to bring up the context menu and choose "Options" then "Keep in Dock".

You must pin:

• Your terminal
• Your file explorer
• VS Code
• Your Internet browser
• Slack
• Zoom

Setup completed!

Your computer is now all set for Le Wagon Web Development course 💪 👏

Enjoy the bootcamp, you will nail it 🚀