New Materials (polymers, rubbers, etc) #82

swagXDragonSlayer46YT · 2023-02-21T02:03:43Z

Summary

These materials could be used as base materials for higher voltages, or only in certain machines/multiblocks.

Nanomaterials

Scanning tunneling microscopes and nanobots can be used to manufacture extremely small structures at the atomic scale. Scanning tunneling microscopes require ultra high vacuums and near absolute value temperatures to operate. They also need iridium tips and very good vibration cancellation systems. The scanning tunneling microscope allows the player to manipulate individual atoms and control nanobots.

Nanobots would be made out of molecular wires, wheels, and tweezers.

The axles of the nanobots would be made from Staffane. Its production is documented here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staffane
The wheels of the nanobots would be fullerene
The tweezers would be corannulene: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corannulene

Ultra-pure elements will have to be separated into nearly individual atoms before they can be rearranged into new ones. This can be done by vaporizing ultra-pure solids using lasers. The vaporized solids are cooled in cold helium gas, causing them to precipitate into nanoclusters.

After the player makes nanobots, nanobots can be used to assemble nearly unlimited arrangements of chemicals and allotropes, including extremely cursed ones. This would have limited use, however, since nanobots can only do so much at their size. Extremely advanced 1D materials or singular molecules can be made with nanobots for later-game purposes. This includes molecules that cannot be made with chemistry or previous processes:

Carbyne confined within double-layed carbon nanotubes (far stronger than any other known material)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_acetylenic_carbon#Properties

Endohedral fullerenes, made from nanobots as well, could be used as a base material due to its unique properties.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endohedral_fullerene

Fictional materials

Adamantium
Vibranium
Orichalcum
Mithril
Azbantium

Magmatter

Neutronium (but realistic)

Mass producing neutronium for end-game purposes would be a complex but interesting process involving several steps. Due to the neutral properties of neutrons, special containment procedures would be needed to contain it (as it would phase through normal matter), and special methods to move it around would also be needed.

Process for mass producing neutronium (each step would probably take place in a megastructure):

Create trapped ultra-cold neutrons. This can be done by accelerating protons to 600 MeV before colliding with a lead target, producing neutrons. These neutrons can be thermalized in heavy water and then moderated in solid deuterium.
Solid neutrons are compressed using extreme forces into nuclear pasta: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_pasta
Nuclear pasta is stabilized to form neutronium somehow, probably by storing it in gravitational anomalies. Neutronium could be reshaped and molded by modifying the spacetime around it.

Superheavy Elements

Rutherfordium

Rutherfordium dioxide is a very stable refractory material

Hassium

Bulk modulus of 450 GPa (slightly higher than diamond)
Can crystallize
Higher density than osmium
Is a very noble metal
Can form hassocene

Meitnerium

Higher density than osmium
Is a noble metal
Is paramagnetic

Darmstadtium

Can crystallize
Higher density than osmium
Is a very noble metal

Roentgenium

Can crystallize
Higher density than osmium
Is a very noble metal

Copernicium

Very noble metal
Gaseous & extremely volatile
Is a semiconductor

Nihonium

Noble metal

Flerovium

Gaseous & extremely volatile
Has metallic properties as well, but is very unreactive

Moscovium

Similar to lighter homologues (P, As, Sn, Bi) but with quite some differences
Easily polarizable

Tennesine

Similar to lighter homologues (O, S, Se, Te, Po) but with quite some differences
Strongest oxidizing agent

Oganesson

Semiconductor
Extreme polarizability
Reactive
High boiling point

Element 164 (Unhexquintium)

Extremely high density
Noble metal

Element 173 (Unsepttrium)

Extremely reactive

Materials for machine parts

Superhard materials

Superhard materials are virtually incompressible solids that are useful in cutting tools and other parts that experience a lot of wear. Diamond may be the hardest known material, but it is lacking in thermal and chemical stability. Other superhard materials may have to be used later on.

List of superhard materials

Diamonds
Cubic Boron Nitride (heterodiamond)
Rhenium diboride
Osmium diboride

Superalloys

Superalloys and other advanced alloys would be made similarly to the current GCYM method. The dusts are melted together in an alloy blast smelter and cooled into a mold with the help of coolant (use quencher)

Make superalloys require more components in the form of small dusts or tiny dusts

Superalloys could be further treated and coated to make them more suitable for whatever purposes they are being used for. For example, resistant turbine blades made of superalloys. CVD methods would be used to deposit these coatings. Rocket parts, turbine rotors and other advanced parts will require these coatings.

MCrAlX-based overlay coatings (M=Ni or Co, X=Y, Hf, Si) enhance resistance to corrosion and oxidation
7wt % yttria-stabilized zirconia (7YSZ) increase thermal stability (perhaps increasing durability)
Cryogenic treatment can be used to strengthen these alloys

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superalloy#Coatings

Machine Part Stuff

Magnetic fluids, could be used in pumps: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrofluid
Versatile aerogel-like substance: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanofoam
Advanced lubricant from molybdenum disfulide: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molybdenum_disulfide#Lubricant

Coolants for energy hatches

Could be used for other applications such as thermodynamics

Already implemented:

Sodium potassium