In this chapter we are going to look at how to control where each element sits on a page.
- CSS treats each HTML element as if it is in its own box.
- This box will either be a block-level box or an inline box.
- block level elements take full width, that means they don't allow any box to stack before and after it on the same page e.g. h tags, header tag ...
- inline level element : take the content width and height of elements and don't accept height, width, margin or padding attributes and inline elements stack next to each others e.g. image, a tags.
- each element on the page has a normal position, this position controlled by the box model properties such as margin, padding, border and content as well as display property.
- there is also another property called position, and following are the values of position.
- static - it's the default position of elements on page.
- relative - position the element relatively to it's original position, for example when i set
position: relative
and give itright: 200;
it will move the element from it's right200px
to the left. - absolute - position element related to closest parent has relative position, so when i set value
right:200
it will be away from the right of it's parent200px
- fixed : position element fixed on the page, even on scroll.
- z-index - each element has z-index by default, the position of element depend on the x and y of the page.
- also they have z-index which means closer or far from user.
- the last element has the higher z-index value and keep going lower up to the first element.
- float : float element to far right or far left.
- clear : i use it after float, to clear the mess float created, and clear added on the first element after the property use float.
- width
- float
- margin
Composition in any visual art (such as design, painting, or photography) is the placement or arrangement of visual elements — how they are organized on a page. Many designers use a grid structure to help them position items on a page, and the same is true for web designers.
CSS frameworks aim to make your life easier by providing the code for common tasks, such as creating layout grids, styling forms, creating.
- @import
- link
1- <div>
elements are often used as containing elements.
to group together sections of a page.
2- Browsers display pages in normal flow unless you specify relative, absolute, or fixed positioning.
3- The float property moves content to the left or right
of the page and can be used to create multi-column layouts. (Floated items require a defined width.)
4- Pages can be fixed width or liquid (stretchy) layouts.
5- Designers keep pages within 960-1000 pixels wide, and indicate what the site is about within the top 600 pixels (to demonstrate its relevance without scrolling).
6- Grids help create professional and flexible designs.
7- CSS Frameworks provide rules for common tasks.
8- You can include multiple CSS files in one page.