ttcp.c

/*
 *	T T C P . C
 *
 * Test TCP connection.  Makes a connection on port 5001
 * and transfers fabricated buffers or data copied from stdin.
 *
 * Usable on 4.2, 4.3, and 4.1a systems by defining one of
 * BSD42 BSD43 (BSD41a)
 * Machines using System V with BSD sockets should define SYSV.
 *
 * Modified for operation under 4.2BSD, 18 Dec 84
 *      T.C. Slattery, USNA
 * Minor improvements, Mike Muuss and Terry Slattery, 16-Oct-85.
 * Modified in 1989 at Silicon Graphics, Inc.
 *	catch SIGPIPE to be able to print stats when receiver has died 
 *	for tcp, don't look for sentinel during reads to allow small transfers
 *	increased default buffer size to 8K, nbuf to 2K to transfer 16MB
 *	moved default port to 5001, beyond IPPORT_USERRESERVED
 *	make sinkmode default because it is more popular, 
 *		-s now means don't sink/source 
 *	count number of read/write system calls to see effects of 
 *		blocking from full socket buffers
 *	for tcp, -D option turns off buffered writes (sets TCP_NODELAY sockopt)
 *	buffer alignment options, -A and -O
 *	print stats in a format that's a bit easier to use with grep & awk
 *	for SYSV, mimic BSD routines to use most of the existing timing code
 *
 * Distribution Status -
 *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
 */
/* Modified by Yvan Pointurier (yp9x), University of Virginia - May 2002 */
/* Modified by Joachim Nilsson (troglobit), GitHub - Jul 2015 */

#define BSD43
/* #define BSD42 */
/* #define BSD41a */
#if defined(sgi)
#define SYSV
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>		/* struct timeval */

#if defined(SYSV)
#include <sys/times.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
struct rusage {
	struct timeval ru_utime, ru_stime;
};
#define RUSAGE_SELF 0
#else
#include <sys/resource.h>
#endif

struct sockaddr_in sinme;
struct sockaddr_in sinhim;
struct sockaddr_in frominet;

socklen_t fromlen;
int domain;
int fd;				/* fd of network socket */

size_t buflen = 8 * 1024;	/* length of buffer */
char *buf;			/* ptr to dynamic buffer */
int nbuf = 8 * 1024;		/* number of buffers to send in sinkmode */

int bufoffset = 0;		/* align buffer to this */
int bufalign = 16 * 1024;	/* modulo this */

int udp = 0;			/* 0 = tcp, !0 = udp */
int ttl = 100;			/* for multicast only */
int options = 0;		/* socket options */
int one = 1;			/* for 4.3 BSD style setsockopt() */
short port = 5001;		/* TCP port number */
char *host;			/* ptr to name of host */
int trans;			/* 0=receive, !0=transmit mode */
int sinkmode = 1;		/* 0=normal I/O, !0=sink/source mode */
int verbose = 0;		/* 0=print basic info, 1=print cpu rate, proc
				 * resource usage. */
int nodelay = 0;		/* set TCP_NODELAY socket option */
int b_flag = 0;			/* use mread() */
int mcast = 0;			/* 1 = multicast reception, 0 = unicast */
char *mgroup;			/* multicast group address */
				    /*#define MAXPAK 32768           *//* max # of packets received */
/*int rcvBytesArray[MAXPAK];   */
/*double rcvTimeArray[MAXPAK]; */
int rcvIndex = 0;		/* index in the arrays */
long rate = 0;			/* sending rate */

struct hostent *addr;
extern int errno;

char Usage[] = "\
Usage: ttcp -t [-options] host [ < in ]\n\
       ttcp -r [-options > out]\n\
Common options:\n\
	-l##	length of bufs read from or written to network (default 8192)\n\
	-u	use UDP instead of TCP\n\
	-p##	port number to send to or listen at (default 5001)\n\
	-s	-t: don't source a pattern to network, get data from stdin\n\
		-r: don't sink (discard), print data on stdout\n\
	-A	align the start of buffers to this modulus (default 16384)\n\
	-O	start buffers at this offset from the modulus (default 0)\n\
	-v	verbose: print more statistics\n\
	-d	set SO_DEBUG socket option\n\
Options specific to -t:\n\
	-n##	number of source bufs written to network (default 8192)\n\
	-D	don't buffer TCP writes (sets TCP_NODELAY socket option)\n\
	-iTTL   sets the ttl of the packets (multicast packets)\n\
        -R##    slows down sending rate (higher values mean slower rates\n\
Options specific to -r:\n\
	-B	for -s, only output full blocks as specified by -l (for TAR)\n\
        -m IP   bind to a multicast group designated by its IP address\n\
";

char stats[128];
size_t nbytes;			/* bytes on net */
size_t numCalls;		/* # of I/O system calls */

void prep_timer();
double read_timer();
double cput, realt;		/* user, real time (seconds) */

static void sigpipe()
{
}


static void err(char *s)
{
	fprintf(stderr, "ttcp%s: ", trans ? "-t" : "-r");
	perror(s);
	fprintf(stderr, "errno=%d\n", errno);
	exit(1);
}

static void mes(char *s)
{
	fprintf(stderr, "ttcp%s: %s\n", trans ? "-t" : "-r", s);
}

static void pattern(char *cp, size_t cnt)
{
	char c = 0;

	while (cnt-- > 0) {
		while (!isprint((c & 0x7F)))
			c++;
		*cp++ = (c++ & 0x7F);
	}
}

static void tvadd(struct timeval *tsum, struct timeval *t0, struct timeval *t1)
{

	tsum->tv_sec = t0->tv_sec + t1->tv_sec;
	tsum->tv_usec = t0->tv_usec + t1->tv_usec;
	if (tsum->tv_usec > 1000000)
		tsum->tv_sec++, tsum->tv_usec -= 1000000;
}

static void tvsub(struct timeval *tdiff, struct timeval *t1, struct timeval *t0)
{

	tdiff->tv_sec = t1->tv_sec - t0->tv_sec;
	tdiff->tv_usec = t1->tv_usec - t0->tv_usec;
	if (tdiff->tv_usec < 0)
		tdiff->tv_sec--, tdiff->tv_usec += 1000000;
}

#define END(x)	{while(*x) x++;}
static void psecs(int l, char *cp)
{
	int i;

	i = l / 3600;
	if (i) {
		sprintf(cp, "%d:", i);
		END(cp);
		i = l % 3600;
		sprintf(cp, "%d%d", (i / 60) / 10, (i / 60) % 10);
		END(cp);
	} else {
		i = l;
		sprintf(cp, "%d", i / 60);
		END(cp);
	}
	i %= 60;
	*cp++ = ':';
	sprintf(cp, "%d%d", i / 10, i % 10);
}

/*
 *			M R E A D
 *
 * This function performs the function of a read(II) but will
 * call read(II) multiple times in order to get the requested
 * number of characters.  This can be necessary because
 * network connections don't deliver data with the same
 * grouping as it is written with.  Written by Robert S. Miles, BRL.
 */
static ssize_t mread(int fd, char *bufp, size_t len)
{
	int nread;
	size_t bytes = 0;

	do {
		nread = read(fd, bufp, len - bytes);
		numCalls++;
		if (nread < 0) {
			perror("ttcp_mread");
			return (-1);
		}
		if (nread == 0)
			return ((int)bytes);
		bytes += (unsigned)nread;
		bufp += nread;
	} while (bytes < len);

	return bytes;
}

/*
 *			N R E A D
 */
static ssize_t Nread(int fd, char *buf, size_t len)
{
	size_t bytes;
	struct sockaddr_in from;
	socklen_t from_len = sizeof(from);

	if (udp) {
		bytes = recvfrom(fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, &from_len);
		numCalls++;
	} else {
		if (b_flag)
			bytes = mread(fd, buf, len);	/* fill buf */
		else {
			bytes = read(fd, buf, len);
			numCalls++;
		}
	}

	return bytes;
}

static void delay(int us)
{
	struct timeval tv;

	tv.tv_sec  = 0;
	tv.tv_usec = us;
	select(1, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
}

/*
 *			N W R I T E
 */
static ssize_t Nwrite(int fd, char *buf, size_t len)
{
	int i;
	ssize_t bytes;

	if (rate > 0)
		for (i = 0; i < rate * 100; i++) ;
	if (udp) {
 again:
		bytes = sendto(fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&sinhim, sizeof(sinhim));
		numCalls++;
		if (bytes < 0 && errno == ENOBUFS) {
			delay(18000);
			errno = 0;
			goto again;
		}
	} else {
		bytes = write(fd, buf, len);
		numCalls++;
	}

	return bytes;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	unsigned long addr_tmp;

	if (argc < 2)
		goto usage;

	argv++;
	argc--;
	while (argc > 0 && argv[0][0] == '-') {
		switch (argv[0][1]) {

		case 'B':
			b_flag = 1;
			break;
		case 't':
			trans = 1;
			break;
		case 'r':
			trans = 0;
			break;
		case 'd':
			options |= SO_DEBUG;
			break;
		case 'D':
			nodelay = 1;
			break;
		case 'n':
			nbuf = atoi(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 'l':
			buflen = atoi(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 's':
			sinkmode = 0;	/* sink/source data */
			break;
		case 'p':
			port = atoi(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 'u':
			udp = 1;
			break;
		case 'v':
			verbose = 1;
			break;
		case 'A':
			bufalign = atoi(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 'O':
			bufoffset = atoi(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 'i':
			ttl = atoi(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 'R':
			rate = atol(&argv[0][2]);
			break;
		case 'm':
			mcast = 1;
			argv++;
			argc--;
			if (argc > 0)
				mgroup = argv[0];
			else
				goto usage;
			break;
		default:
			goto usage;
		}
		argv++;
		argc--;
	}
	if (trans) {
		/* xmitr */
		if (argc != 1)
			goto usage;

		memset(&sinhim, 0, sizeof(sinhim));
		host = argv[0];
		if (atoi(host) > 0) {
			/* Numeric */
			sinhim.sin_family = AF_INET;
#if defined(cray)
			addr_tmp = inet_addr(host);
			sinhim.sin_addr = addr_tmp;
#else
			sinhim.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host);
#endif
		} else {
			if ((addr = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
				err("bad hostname");
			sinhim.sin_family = addr->h_addrtype;
			memcpy(&addr_tmp, addr->h_addr, addr->h_length);
#if defined(cray)
			sinhim.sin_addr = addr_tmp;
#else
			sinhim.sin_addr.s_addr = addr_tmp;
#endif	/* cray */
		}
		sinhim.sin_port = htons(port);
		sinme.sin_port = 0;	/* free choice */
	} else {
		/* rcvr */
		sinme.sin_port = htons(port);
	}


	if (udp && buflen < 5) {
		buflen = 5;	/* send more than the sentinel size */
	}

	buf = (char *)malloc(buflen + bufalign);
	if (!buf)
		err("malloc");
	if (bufalign != 0)
		buf += (bufalign - ((int)buf % bufalign) + bufoffset) % bufalign;

	if (trans) {
		fprintf(stdout,
			"#ttcp-t: buflen=%zd, nbuf=%d, align=%d/+%d, port=%d  %s  -> %s\n",
			buflen, nbuf, bufalign, bufoffset, port, udp ? "udp" : "tcp", argv[0]);
	} else {
		fprintf(stdout,
			"#ttcp-r: buflen=%zd, nbuf=%d, align=%d/+%d, port=%d  %s\n",
			buflen, nbuf, bufalign, bufoffset, port, udp ? "udp" : "tcp");
	}

	if ((fd = socket(AF_INET, udp ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
		err("socket");
	mes("socket");

	if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&sinme, sizeof(sinme)) < 0)
		err("bind");

	if (mcast) {
		struct ip_mreq stMreq;
		stMreq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr = inet_addr(mgroup);
		stMreq.imr_interface.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
		if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, (char *)&stMreq, sizeof(stMreq)) < 0)
			err("multicast group join");
		else
			fprintf(stdout, "#Joined group %s\n", mgroup);
	}

	if (!udp) {
		signal(SIGPIPE, sigpipe);
		if (trans) {
			/* We are the client if transmitting */
			if (options) {
#if defined(BSD42)
				if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, options, 0, 0) < 0)
#else	/* BSD43 */
				if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, options, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0)
#endif
					err("setsockopt");
			}
			if (nodelay) {
				struct protoent *p;
				p = getprotobyname("tcp");
				if (p && setsockopt(fd, p->p_proto, TCP_NODELAY, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0)
					err("setsockopt: nodelay");
				mes("nodelay");
			}
			if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&sinhim, sizeof(sinhim)) < 0)
				err("connect");
			mes("connect");
		} else {
			/* otherwise, we are the server and 
			 * should listen for the connections
			 */
			listen(fd, 0);	/* allow a queue of 0 */
			if (options) {
#if defined(BSD42)
				if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, options, 0, 0) < 0)
#else	/* BSD43 */
				if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, options, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0)
#endif
					err("setsockopt");
			}

			fromlen = sizeof(frominet);
			domain = AF_INET;
			if ((fd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&frominet, &fromlen)) < 0) {
				err("accept");
			} else {
				struct sockaddr_in peer;
				socklen_t peerlen = sizeof(peer);

				if (getpeername(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&peer, &peerlen) < 0)
					err("getpeername");

				fprintf(stderr, "ttcp-r: accept from %s\n", inet_ntoa(peer.sin_addr));
			}
		}
	}

	prep_timer();
	errno = 0;

	if (sinkmode) {
		ssize_t cnt;

		if (udp) {
			int ret = 0;

			if ((ntohl(sinhim.sin_addr.s_addr)) >> 28 == 0xe) {
				ret = setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &ttl, sizeof(int));
				if (ret == -1)
					fprintf(stderr, "Error while setting TTL\n");
				else
					fprintf(stdout, "#TTL set to %d\n", ttl);
			}
		}
		if (trans) {
			pattern(buf, buflen);
			if (udp)
				Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr start */
			while (nbuf-- && Nwrite(fd, buf, buflen) == (ssize_t)buflen)
				nbytes += buflen;
			if (udp)
				Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end */
		} else {
			if (udp) {
				while ((cnt = Nread(fd, buf, buflen)) > 0) {
/*
//yp9x: allow for duplicate starting packet
				    static int going = 2; 
				    if( cnt <= 4 )  {
					    if( going == 0) 
						    break; 
					    going--;
					    prep_timer();
*/

/*
//original version
				    static int going = 0; 
				    if( cnt <= 4 )  {
					    if( going ) 
						    break; 
					    going=1; 
					    prep_timer();

*/
					static int going = 0;
					if (cnt <= 4) {
						if (going)
							break;
						going = 1;
						prep_timer();

					} else {
						nbytes += cnt;
						read_timer(stats, sizeof(stats));
//                                          fprintf(stdout, "%f\t%d\n", realt, nbytes); 
						rcvIndex++;
					}
				}
			} else {
				while ((cnt = Nread(fd, buf, buflen)) > 0) {
					nbytes += cnt;
				}
			}
		}
	} else {
		ssize_t cnt;

		if (trans) {
			while ((cnt = read(0, buf, buflen)) > 0 && Nwrite(fd, buf, cnt) == cnt)
				nbytes += cnt;
		} else {
			while ((cnt = Nread(fd, buf, buflen)) > 0 && write(1, buf, cnt) == cnt)
				nbytes += cnt;
		}
	}
	if (errno)
		err("IO");
	read_timer(stats, sizeof(stats));
	if (udp && trans) {
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end *//* yp9x */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end *//* yp9x */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end *//* yp9x */
		Nwrite(fd, buf, 4);	/* rcvr end *//* yp9x */
	}
	if (cput <= 0.0)
		cput = 0.001;
	if (realt <= 0.0)
		realt = 0.001;
	fprintf(stdout, "#ttcp%s: %ld bytes in %.2f real seconds = %.2f KB/sec +++\n",
		trans ? "-t" : "-r", nbytes, realt, ((double)nbytes) / realt / 1024);
	if (verbose) {
		fprintf(stdout,
			"#ttcp%s: %ld bytes in %.2f CPU seconds = %.2f KB/cpu sec\n",
			trans ? "-t" : "-r", nbytes, cput, ((double)nbytes) / cput / 1024);
	}
	fprintf(stdout, "#ttcp%s: %zd I/O calls, msec/call = %.2f, calls/sec = %.2f\n",
		trans ? "-t" : "-r", numCalls, 1024.0 * realt / ((double)numCalls), ((double)numCalls) / realt);
	fprintf(stdout, "#ttcp%s: %s\n", trans ? "-t" : "-r", stats);
	if (verbose) {
		fprintf(stdout, "#ttcp%s: buffer address %p\n", trans ? "-t" : "-r", buf);
	}
/*	printStats(); */
	exit(0);

 usage:
	fprintf(stderr, "%s", Usage);
	exit(1);
}


static struct timeval time0;	/* Time at which timing started */
static struct rusage ru0;	/* Resource utilization at the start */

static void prusage();
static void tvadd();
static void tvsub();
static void psecs();

#if defined(SYSV)
 /*ARGSUSED*/ static getrusage(ignored, ru)
int ignored;
struct rusage *ru;
{
	struct tms buf;

	times(&buf);

	/* Assumption: HZ <= 2147 (LONG_MAX/1000000) */
	ru->ru_stime.tv_sec = buf.tms_stime / HZ;
	ru->ru_stime.tv_usec = ((buf.tms_stime % HZ) * 1000000) / HZ;
	ru->ru_utime.tv_sec = buf.tms_utime / HZ;
	ru->ru_utime.tv_usec = ((buf.tms_utime % HZ) * 1000000) / HZ;
}

#if !defined(sgi)
 /*ARGSUSED*/ static gettimeofday(tp, zp)
struct timeval *tp;
struct timezone *zp;
{
	tp->tv_sec = time(0);
	tp->tv_usec = 0;
}
#endif
#endif	/* SYSV */

/*
 *			P R E P _ T I M E R
 */
void prep_timer(void)
{
	gettimeofday(&time0, (struct timezone *)0);
	getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru0);
}

/*
 *			R E A D _ T I M E R
 * 
 */
double read_timer(char *str, int len)
{
	struct timeval timedol;
	struct rusage ru1;
	struct timeval td;
	struct timeval tend, tstart;
	char line[132];

	getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru1);
	gettimeofday(&timedol, (struct timezone *)0);
	prusage(&ru0, &ru1, &timedol, &time0, line);
	strncpy(str, line, len);

	/* Get real time */
	tvsub(&td, &timedol, &time0);
	realt = td.tv_sec + ((double)td.tv_usec) / 1000000;

	/* Get CPU time (user+sys) */
	tvadd(&tend, &ru1.ru_utime, &ru1.ru_stime);
	tvadd(&tstart, &ru0.ru_utime, &ru0.ru_stime);
	tvsub(&td, &tend, &tstart);
	cput = td.tv_sec + ((double)td.tv_usec) / 1000000;
	if (cput < 0.00001)
		cput = 0.00001;
	return (cput);
}

static void prusage(struct rusage *r0, struct rusage *r1, struct timeval *e, struct timeval *b, char *outp)
{
	struct timeval tdiff;
	time_t t;
	char *cp;
	int i;
	int ms;

	t = (r1->ru_utime.tv_sec - r0->ru_utime.tv_sec) * 100 +
	    (r1->ru_utime.tv_usec - r0->ru_utime.tv_usec) / 10000 +
	    (r1->ru_stime.tv_sec - r0->ru_stime.tv_sec) * 100 + (r1->ru_stime.tv_usec - r0->ru_stime.tv_usec) / 10000;
	ms = (e->tv_sec - b->tv_sec) * 100 + (e->tv_usec - b->tv_usec) / 10000;

#if defined(SYSV)
	cp = "%Uuser %Ssys %Ereal %P";
#else
	cp = "%Uuser %Ssys %Ereal %P %Xi+%Dd %Mmaxrss %F+%Rpf %Ccsw";
#endif
	for (; *cp; cp++) {
		if (*cp != '%')
			*outp++ = *cp;
		else if (cp[1])
			switch (*++cp) {

			case 'U':
				tvsub(&tdiff, &r1->ru_utime, &r0->ru_utime);
				sprintf(outp, "%d.%01d", (int)tdiff.tv_sec, (int)tdiff.tv_usec / 100000);
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'S':
				tvsub(&tdiff, &r1->ru_stime, &r0->ru_stime);
				sprintf(outp, "%d.%01d", (int)tdiff.tv_sec, (int)tdiff.tv_usec / 100000);
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'E':
				psecs(ms / 100, outp);
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'P':
				sprintf(outp, "%d%%", (int)(t * 100 / ((ms ? ms : 1))));
				END(outp);
				break;

#if !defined(SYSV)
			case 'W':
				i = r1->ru_nswap - r0->ru_nswap;
				sprintf(outp, "%d", i);
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'X':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", t == 0 ? 0 : (int)((r1->ru_ixrss - r0->ru_ixrss) / t));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'D':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", t == 0 ? 0 : (int)((r1->ru_idrss + r1->ru_isrss - (r0->ru_idrss + r0->ru_isrss)) / t));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'K':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", t == 0 ? 0 : (int)(
						((r1->ru_ixrss + r1->ru_isrss + r1->ru_idrss) -
						 (r0->ru_ixrss + r0->ru_idrss + r0->ru_isrss)) / t));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'M':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", (int)(r1->ru_maxrss / 2));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'F':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", (int)(r1->ru_majflt - r0->ru_majflt));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'R':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", (int)(r1->ru_minflt - r0->ru_minflt));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'I':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", (int)(r1->ru_inblock - r0->ru_inblock));
				END(outp);
				break;

			case 'O':
				sprintf(outp, "%d", (int)(r1->ru_oublock - r0->ru_oublock));
				END(outp);
				break;
			case 'C':
				sprintf(outp, "%d+%d", (int)(r1->ru_nvcsw - r0->ru_nvcsw),
					(int)(r1->ru_nivcsw - r0->ru_nivcsw));
				END(outp);
				break;
#endif	/* !SYSV */
			}
	}
	*outp = '\0';
}

/**
 * Local Variables:
 *  version-control: t
 *  indent-tabs-mode: t
 *  c-file-style: "linux"
 * End:
 */