v2.py

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.nn import functional as F

# hyperparameters
batch_size = 32  # how many independent sequences will we process in parallel?
block_size = 8  # what is the maximum context length for predictions?
max_iters = 5000
eval_interval = 300
learning_rate = 1e-3
device = 'cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu'
eval_iters = 200
n_embd = 32
# ------------

torch.manual_seed(1337)

# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/karpathy/char-rnn/master/data/tinyshakespeare/input.txt
with open('input.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    text = f.read()

# here are all the unique characters that occur in this text
chars = sorted(list(set(text)))
vocab_size = len(chars)
# create a mapping from characters to integers
stoi = {ch: i for i, ch in enumerate(chars)}
itos = {i: ch for i, ch in enumerate(chars)}
# encoder: take a string, output a list of integers
def encode(s): return [stoi[c] for c in s]
# decoder: take a list of integers, output a string
def decode(l): return ''.join([itos[i] for i in l])


# Train and test splits
data = torch.tensor(encode(text), dtype=torch.long)
n = int(0.9*len(data))  # first 90% will be train, rest val
train_data = data[:n]
val_data = data[n:]

# data loading


def get_batch(split):
    # generate a small batch of data of inputs x and targets y
    data = train_data if split == 'train' else val_data
    ix = torch.randint(len(data) - block_size, (batch_size,))
    x = torch.stack([data[i:i+block_size] for i in ix])
    y = torch.stack([data[i+1:i+block_size+1] for i in ix])
    x, y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
    return x, y


@torch.no_grad()
# Just to test on validation if we trained well not updating th emodels params
# Every 100 iterations we go and check the train and validation loss
def estimate_loss():
    out = {}
    model.eval()
    for split in ['train', 'val']:
        losses = torch.zeros(eval_iters)
        for k in range(eval_iters):
            X, Y = get_batch(split)
            logits, loss = model(X, Y)
            losses[k] = loss.item()
        out[split] = losses.mean()
    model.train()
    return out

# super simple bigram model


class Head(nn.Module):
    """ one head of self-attention """

    def __init__(self, head_size):
        super().__init__()
        self.key = nn.Linear(n_embd, head_size, bias=False)
        self.query = nn.Linear(n_embd, head_size, bias=False)
        self.value = nn.Linear(n_embd, head_size, bias=False)
        self.register_buffer('tril', torch.tril(
            torch.ones(block_size, block_size)))

    def forward(self, x):
        # input of size (batch, time-step, channels)
        # output of size (batch, time-step, head size)
        B, T, C = x.shape
        k = self.key(x)   # (B,T,hs)
        q = self.query(x)  # (B,T,hs)
        # compute attention scores ("affinities")
        # (B, T, hs) @ (B, hs, T) -> (B, T, T)
        wei = q @ k.transpose(-2, -1) * k.shape[-1]**-0.5
        wei = wei.masked_fill(
            self.tril[:T, :T] == 0, float('-inf'))  # (B, T, T)
        wei = F.softmax(wei, dim=-1)  # (B, T, T)
        # perform the weighted aggregation of the values
        v = self.value(x)  # (B,T,hs)
        out = wei @ v  # (B, T, T) @ (B, T, hs) -> (B, T, hs)
        return out


class MultiHeadedAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, n_heads, head_size):
        super().__init__()
        self.heads = nn.ModuleList([Head(head_size) for _ in range(n_heads)])

    def forward(self, x):
        # input of size (batch, time-step, channels)
        v = torch.cat([h(x) for h in self.heads], dim=-1)
        # The above creates num heads lists of attention run on data x then appends the values after each other in the list
        return v


class FeedForward(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, n_embed):
        super().__init__()
        self.net = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(n_embed, n_embed),
                                 nn.ReLU())

    def forward(self, x):
        self.net(x)


class BigramLanguageModel(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        # each token directly reads off the logits for the next token from a lookup table
        self.token_embedding_table = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, n_embd)
        self.position_embedding_table = nn.Embedding(block_size, n_embd)
        self.sa_head = MultiHeadedAttention(n_heads=4, head_size=n_embd//4)
        self.ffwd = FeedForward(n_embd)
        self.lm_head = nn.Linear(n_embd, vocab_size)

    def forward(self, idx, targets=None):

        # idx and targets are both (B,T) tensor of integers
        tok_emb = self.token_embedding_table(idx)  # (B,T,embed_size)
        pos_emb = self.position_embedding_table(
            torch.arange(block_size, device=device))
        x = tok_emb + pos_emb
        x = self.sa_head(x)
        x = self.ffwd(x)
        logits = self.lm_head(x)  # (B,T,C)

        if targets is None:
            loss = None
        else:
            B, T, C = logits.shape
            logits = logits.view(B*T, C)
            targets = targets.view(B*T)
            loss = F.cross_entropy(logits, targets)

        return logits, loss

    def generate(self, idx, max_new_tokens):
        # idx is (B, T) array of indices in the current context
        for _ in range(max_new_tokens):
            # get the predictions
            logits, loss = self(idx[:, -block_size:])
            # focus only on the last time step
            logits = logits[:, -1, :]  # becomes (B, C)
            # apply softmax to get probabilities
            probs = F.softmax(logits, dim=-1)  # (B, C)
            # sample from the distribution
            idx_next = torch.multinomial(probs, num_samples=1)  # (B, 1)
            # append sampled index to the running sequence
            idx = torch.cat((idx, idx_next), dim=1)  # (B, T+1)
        return idx


model = BigramLanguageModel()
m = model.to(device)

# create a PyTorch optimizer
optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)

for iter in range(max_iters):

    # every once in a while evaluate the loss on train and val sets
    if iter % eval_interval == 0:
        losses = estimate_loss()
        print(
            f"step {iter}: train loss {losses['train']:.4f}, val loss {losses['val']:.4f}")

    # sample a batch of data
    xb, yb = get_batch('train')

    # evaluate the loss
    logits, loss = model(xb, yb)
    optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=True)
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.step()

# generate from the model
context = torch.zeros((1, 1), dtype=torch.long, device=device)
print(decode(m.generate(context, max_new_tokens=500)[0].tolist()))