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Linux-specific notes

Requirements

These instructions are written for Debian/Ubuntu; adjust for your distribution. Some extra notes have been provided by a forum member, though some of the things mentioned there no longer apply: https://forums.ankiweb.net/t/guide-how-to-build-and-run-anki-from-source-with-xubuntu-20-04/12865

You can see a full list of buildtime and runtime requirements by looking at the Dockerfiles used to build the official releases.

Ensure some basic tools are installed:

$ sudo apt install bash grep findutils curl gcc g++ make git rsync
  • The 'find' utility is 'findutils' on Debian.

Missing Libraries

If you get errors during build or startup, try starting with

QT_DEBUG_PLUGINS=1 ./run

It will likely complain about missing libraries, which you can install with your package manager. Some of the libraries that might be required on Debian for example:

sudo apt install libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 \
  libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0

On some distros such as Arch Linux and Fedora, you may need to install the libxcrypt-compat package if you get an error like this:

error while loading shared libraries: libcrypt.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Audio

To play and record audio during development, install mpv and lame.

Glibc and Qt

Anki requires a recent glibc.

If you are using a distro that uses musl, Anki will not work.

If your glibc version is 2.35+ on AMD64 or 2.39+ on ARM64, you can skip the rest of this section.

If your system has an older glibc, you won't be able to use the PyQt wheels that are available in pip/PyPy, and will need to use your system-installed PyQt instead. Your distro will also need to have Python 3.9 or later.

After installing the system libraries (eg: 'sudo apt install python3-pyqt6.qt{quick,webengine} python3-venv pyqt6-dev-tools'), find the place they are installed (eg '/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages'). On modern Ubuntu, you'll also need 'sudo apt remove python3-protobuf'. Then before running any commands like './run', tell Anki where the packages can be found:

export PYTHONPATH=/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages
export PYTHON_BINARY=/usr/bin/python3

There are a few things to be aware of:

  • You should use ./run and not tools/run-qt5*, even if your system libraries are Qt5.
  • If your system libraries are Qt5, when creating an aqt wheel, the wheel will not work on Qt6 environments.

Packaging considerations

Python, node and protoc are downloaded as part of the build. You can optionally define PYTHON_BINARY, NODE_BINARY, YARN_BINARY and/or PROTOC_BINARY to use locally-installed versions instead.

If rust-toolchain.toml is removed, newer Rust versions can be used. Older versions may or may not compile the code.

To build Anki fully offline, set the following environment variables:

  • OFFLINE_BUILD: If set, the build does not run tools that may access the network.

  • NODE_BINARY, YARN_BINARY and PROTOC_BINARY must also be set.

With OFFLINE_BUILD defined, manual intervention is required for the offline build to succeed. The following conditions must be met:

  1. All required dependencies (node, Python, rust, yarn, etc.) must be present in the build environment.

  2. The offline repositories for the translation files must be copied/linked to ftl/qt-repo and ftl/core-repo.

  3. The Python pseudo venv must be set up:

    mkdir out/pyenv/bin
ln -s /path/to/python out/pyenv/bin/python
ln -s /path/to/protoc-gen-mypy out/pyenv/bin/protoc-gen-mypy

    Optionally, set up your environment to generate Sphinx documentation:

    ln -s /path/to/sphinx-apidoc out/pyenv/bin/sphinx-apidoc
ln -s /path/to/sphinx-build out/pyenv/bin/sphinx-build

    Note that the PYTHON_BINARY environment variable need not be set, since it is only used when OFFLINE_BUILD is unset to automatically create a network-dependent Python venv.

  4. Create the offline cache for yarn and use its own environment variable YARN_CACHE_FOLDER to it:

    YARN_CACHE_FOLDER=/path/to/the/yarn/cache
/path/to/yarn install --ignore-scripts

You are now ready to build wheels and Sphinx documentation fully offline.

More

For info on running tests, building wheels and so on, please see Development.