PLOS.html

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					<h4 style="padding-top: 70px">PLOS</h4>
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					<h4 style="padding-top: 70px">EPLOS</h4>
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							<h2 id="content">Pedestrian Level of Service</h2>
							<p>The Pedestrian Level of service (PLOS) is a model that asseses the quality of the pedestrian infrastructure, allowing city planners to be aware of the current status of the walking conditions on road and street corridors.</p>

							<p>The PLOS gives qualitative measure of pedestrians’ perception and response to roadway environment. The model focuses primarily on the characteristics of the road infrastructure, takes into account many physical parameters, such as width of sidewalk, number of vehicular lanes, traffic volume and traffic speed, presence of buffers or bike lanes etc., and it returns a score that summarizes the overall quality of the pedestrian infrastructure, the lower the output value the  better quality of the infrastructure.</p>

							<p>Enhanced Pedestrian Level of Service (EPLOS) includes some improvements on the model such as presence of lightnings, public services, curb ramps etc. This enhancement on the model can show us the importance of these features on the quality of pedestrian life. </p>
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											<th>Grade</th>
											<th>Description</th>
											<th>Range</th>
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											<td style="color: #34eb34; font-weight: 1000; text-align: center;">A</td>
											<td>Highly pedestrian oriented environment, ample sidewalk space.</td>
											<td>x ≤ 2</td>
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											<td style="color: #93eb34; font-weight: 1000; text-align: center;">B</td>
											<td>Streets with many pedestrian safety and comfort features.</td>
											<td> 2< x ≤ 2.75</td>
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											<td style="color: #ffc803; font-weight: 1000; text-align: center;">C</td>
											<td> Standard sidewalk, some deficiencies in pedestrian facility design and/or higher vehicle traffic.</td>
											<td> 2.75< x ≤3.5</td>
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											<td style="color: #eb9334; font-weight: 1000; text-align: center;">D</td>
											<td>Streets adequate for pedestrian use but has frequent deficiencies for width and clearance.</td>
											<td>3.5< x ≤4.25</td>
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											<td style="color: #eb3434; font-weight: 1000; text-align: center;">E</td>
											<td>Streets inadequate for pedestrian use, high level of interaction with traffic.</td>
											<td>4.25< x ≤5</td>
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											<td style="color: #9334eb; font-weight: 1000; text-align: center;">F</td>
											<td>Extremely car oriented environment, roads preliminary designed for high volumes traffic.</td>
											<td> x > 5</td>
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								<h3>How to calculate the numerical values of PLOS and EPLOS?</h3>
								
								<h4>PLOS calculation<h4>
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								<h4 > \(PLOS = 6.0468 + 0.0091\) * (\(V_m \over 4*N_{th}\)) + \(4\)*(\(S_R \over 100\)) \(^2 - 1.2276\) * \(ln ( W_v + 0.5 W_1 + 50 P_{pk} + W_{buf} * f_b + W_{aA} * fsw)\)
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											<th>Number</th>
											<th>Variable</th>
											<th>Description</th>
											<th>Unit</th>
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											<td >1#</td>
											<td>Vm</td>
											<td>Mid-segmet analysis-hour directional motorized vehicle demand flow rate nearest to the subject sidewalk</td>
											<td>No. veh/h</td>
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											<td >2#</td>
											<td>Nth</td>
											<td>Number of through lanes in the subject direction of travel</td>
											<td>No. lanes</td>
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											<td >3#</td>
											<td>Sr</td>
											<td>Motorized vehicle running speed</td>
											<td>km/h to be converted to mph</td>
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											<td >4#</td>
											<td>Wv</td>
											<td>Width of the outside lane + width of shoulder</td>
											<td>meter to be converted to feet</td>
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											<td>5#</td>
											<td>W1</td>
											<td>Width bike lane + width shoulder</td>
											<td>meter to be converted to feet</td>
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											<td >6#</td>
											<td>Ppk</td>
											<td>Parking occupancy = proportion of parallel on-street parking occupied in the analyzed period</td>
											<td>Decimal</td>
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											<td >7#</td>
											<td>Wbuf</td>
											<td>Buffer width between roadwalk and sidewalk</td>
											<td>Meter to be converted to feet</td>
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											<td></td>
											<td>fb</td>
											<td>Buffer contunuity coefficient</td>
											<td>-</td>
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											<td>8#</td>
											<td>WaA</td>
											<td>Sidewalk width</td>
											<td>Meter to be converted to feet</td>
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											<td></td>
											<td>fsw</td>
											<td>Sidewalk adjusted with coefficient</td>
											<td>-</td>
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							<h4>EPLOS calculation<h4>

							<p>The EPLOS is calculated by using the PLOS and a separated
							calculation related to the added parameters (pedestrian crossings, point of interest, public transport stops, public services, curb ramps and lighting).</p>
							<p>*For each parameter use 0 if not present, 0.125 if present.</p>
							<p>*Subtract all parameters to the PLOS	(maximum 0.75, minimum 0).</p>

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