diff --git a/src/modality-agnostic-files.md b/src/modality-agnostic-files.md
index c6890aa6b4..b93ee17638 100644
--- a/src/modality-agnostic-files.md
+++ b/src/modality-agnostic-files.md
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ and a guide for using macros can be found at
       "DatasetLinks": "REQUIRED if [BIDS URIs][] are used",
       "DatasetType": "RECOMMENDED",
       "License": "RECOMMENDED",
-      "Authors": "RECOMMENDED",
+      "Authors": "RECOMMENDED if CITATION.cff is not present",
       "Acknowledgements": "OPTIONAL",
       "HowToAcknowledge": "OPTIONAL",
       "Funding": "OPTIONAL",
diff --git a/src/schema/rules/dataset_metadata.yaml b/src/schema/rules/dataset_metadata.yaml
index 1a702baa37..d4ecca7da1 100644
--- a/src/schema/rules/dataset_metadata.yaml
+++ b/src/schema/rules/dataset_metadata.yaml
@@ -8,13 +8,8 @@ dataset_description:
     DatasetType: recommended
     License: recommended
     Authors:
-      level: recommended
-      issue:
-        code: NO_AUTHORS
-        message: |
-          The Authors field of dataset_description.json should contain an array of fields -
-          with one author per field. This was triggered because there are no authors, which
-          will make DOI registration from dataset metadata impossible.
+      level: optional
+      level_addendum: recommended if no CITATION.cff file is present
     Acknowledgements: optional
     HowToAcknowledge: optional
     Funding: optional
@@ -24,6 +19,20 @@ dataset_description:
     GeneratedBy: recommended
     SourceDatasets: recommended
 
+dataset_authors:
+  selectors:
+    - path == "/dataset_description.json"
+    - '!exists("CITATION.cff", "dataset")'
+  fields:
+    Authors:
+      level: recommended
+      issue:
+        code: NO_AUTHORS
+        message: |
+          The Authors field of dataset_description.json should contain an array of fields -
+          with one author per field. This was triggered because there are no authors, which
+          will make DOI registration from dataset metadata impossible.
+
 derivative_description:
   selectors:
     - path == "/dataset_description.json"