diff --git a/packages/os/os.spec b/packages/os/os.spec
index 5f2ea083e9d..dd3fdae1e84 100644
--- a/packages/os/os.spec
+++ b/packages/os/os.spec
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ Source204: netdog-tmpfiles.conf
 # 3xx sources: udev rules
 Source300: ephemeral-storage.rules
 Source301: ebs-volumes.rules
+Source302: supplemental-storage.rules
 
 BuildRequires: %{_cross_os}glibc-devel
 Requires: %{_cross_os}apiclient
@@ -443,6 +444,7 @@ install -p -m 0644 %{S:204} %{buildroot}%{_cross_tmpfilesdir}/netdog.conf
 install -d %{buildroot}%{_cross_udevrulesdir}
 install -p -m 0644 %{S:300} %{buildroot}%{_cross_udevrulesdir}/80-ephemeral-storage.rules
 install -p -m 0644 %{S:301} %{buildroot}%{_cross_udevrulesdir}/81-ebs-volumes.rules
+install -p -m 0644 %{S:302} %{buildroot}%{_cross_udevrulesdir}/82-supplemental-storage.rules
 
 %if %{with vmware_platform}
 install -p -m 0644 %{S:121} %{buildroot}%{_cross_unitdir}
@@ -523,6 +525,7 @@ install -p -m 0644 %{S:121} %{buildroot}%{_cross_unitdir}
 %{_cross_bindir}/ghostdog
 %{_cross_udevrulesdir}/80-ephemeral-storage.rules
 %{_cross_udevrulesdir}/81-ebs-volumes.rules
+%{_cross_udevrulesdir}/82-supplemental-storage.rules
 
 %files -n %{_cross_os}signpost
 %{_cross_bindir}/signpost
diff --git a/packages/os/supplemental-storage.rules b/packages/os/supplemental-storage.rules
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f72e9d239e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/os/supplemental-storage.rules
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# supplemental storage links: /dev/disk/by-volume-type-partuuid
+#
+# The purpose of the additional links is to encode what kind of backing device
+# the partition resides on, for cases where systemd units need this information
+# for conditional logic.
+
+ACTION=="remove", GOTO="supplemental_storage_end"
+SUBSYSTEM!="block", GOTO="supplemental_storage_end"
+ENV{DEVTYPE}!="partition", GOTO="supplemental_storage_end"
+
+# Only these drivers have "interesting" volume types.
+KERNEL!="nvme*|xvd*|vd*", GOTO="supplemental_storage_end"
+
+# Set the volume type for each supported driver, annotating it with the volume
+# sub-type, if any.
+ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}!="?*", KERNEL=="nvme*", ATTRS{model}=="Amazon EC2 NVMe Instance Storage*", ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}="nvme-instance-store"
+ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}!="?*", KERNEL=="nvme*", ATTRS{model}=="Amazon Elastic Block Store*", ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}="nvme-ebs"
+ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}!="?*", KERNEL=="nvme*", ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}="nvme"
+ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}!="?*", KERNEL=="xvd*", ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}="xen"
+ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}!="?*", KERNEL=="vd*", ENV{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}="virtio"
+
+ENV{ID_PART_ENTRY_UUID}=="?*" SYMLINK+="disk/by-volume-type-partuuid/$env{BOTTLEROCKET_VOLUME_TYPE}-$env{ID_PART_ENTRY_UUID}"
+
+LABEL="supplemental_storage_end"
diff --git a/packages/release/release.spec b/packages/release/release.spec
index 41bd23bff83..b3d1e86c960 100644
--- a/packages/release/release.spec
+++ b/packages/release/release.spec
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ Source1043: repart-local.service
 Source1044: mask-local-mnt.service
 Source1045: mask-local-opt.service
 Source1046: mask-local-var.service
-Source1047: label-data-b.service
-Source1048: label-data-a.service
+Source1047: repart-data-preferred.service
+Source1048: repart-data-fallback.service
 Source1049: prepare-local-fs.service
 
 # Services for kdump support
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ ln -s preconfigured.target %{buildroot}%{_cross_unitdir}/default.target
 %{_cross_unitdir}/mask-local-opt.service
 %{_cross_unitdir}/mask-local-var.service
 %{_cross_unitdir}/root-.aws.mount
-%{_cross_unitdir}/label-data-b.service
-%{_cross_unitdir}/label-data-a.service
+%{_cross_unitdir}/repart-data-preferred.service
+%{_cross_unitdir}/repart-data-fallback.service
 %{_cross_unitdir}/prepare-local-fs.service
 %dir %{_cross_unitdir}/systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service.d
 %{_cross_unitdir}/systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service.d/00-debug.conf
diff --git a/packages/release/label-data-b.service b/packages/release/repart-data-fallback.service
similarity index 65%
rename from packages/release/label-data-b.service
rename to packages/release/repart-data-fallback.service
index 49d7d4a5073..cbfc38dff04 100644
--- a/packages/release/label-data-b.service
+++ b/packages/release/repart-data-fallback.service
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 [Unit]
-Description=Label data partition B
+Description=Repart fallback data partition
 DefaultDependencies=no
 Conflicts=shutdown.target
 # Only run this if a partition labeled 'BOTTLEROCKET-DATA' does not exist already.
 ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=!/dev/disk/by-partlabel/BOTTLEROCKET-DATA
+# Only run this if the data partition is not on a Xen virtual device and also not on an EBS volume.
+ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=!/dev/disk/by-volume-type-partuuid/xen-69040874-417d-4e26-a764-7885f22007ea
+ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=!/dev/disk/by-volume-type-partuuid/nvme-ebs-69040874-417d-4e26-a764-7885f22007ea
 # Only run if this boot has never succeeded before
 ConditionFileNotEmpty=!/etc/has-boot-ever-succeeded
-# This is the partition GUID for DATA-B data partition.
+# This is the partition GUID for fallback data partition.
 Wants=dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-69040874\x2d417d\x2d4e26\x2da764\x2d7885f22007ea.device
 After=dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-69040874\x2d417d\x2d4e26\x2da764\x2d7885f22007ea.device
 
diff --git a/packages/release/label-data-a.service b/packages/release/repart-data-preferred.service
similarity index 88%
rename from packages/release/label-data-a.service
rename to packages/release/repart-data-preferred.service
index 80033252995..2f2e878f3f0 100644
--- a/packages/release/label-data-a.service
+++ b/packages/release/repart-data-preferred.service
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 [Unit]
-Description=Label data partition A
+Description=Repart preferred data partition
 DefaultDependencies=no
 Conflicts=shutdown.target
 # Only run this if a partition labeled 'BOTTLEROCKET-DATA' does not exist already.
 ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=!/dev/disk/by-partlabel/BOTTLEROCKET-DATA
 # Only run if this boot has never succeeded before
 ConditionFileNotEmpty=!/etc/has-boot-ever-succeeded
-# This is the partition GUID for the DATA-A partition.
+# This is the partition GUID for the preferred data partition.
 Wants=dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-5b94e8df\x2d28b8\x2d485c\x2d9d19\x2d362263b5944c.device
 After=dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-5b94e8df\x2d28b8\x2d485c\x2d9d19\x2d362263b5944c.device
 
diff --git a/tools/partyplanner b/tools/partyplanner
index 8ad839d68a5..d638319c87e 100755
--- a/tools/partyplanner
+++ b/tools/partyplanner
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ EFI_BACKUP_TYPECODE="B39CE39C-0A00-B4AB-2D11-F18F8237A21C"
 
 # Define partition GUIDs for the data partitions. We use the GUID for determining
 # which data partition to label and use at boot.
-BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_A_PARTGUID="5b94e8df-28b8-485c-9d19-362263b5944c"
-BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_B_PARTGUID="69040874-417d-4e26-a764-7885f22007ea"
+BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_PREFERRED_PARTGUID="5b94e8df-28b8-485c-9d19-362263b5944c"
+BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_FALLBACK_PARTGUID="69040874-417d-4e26-a764-7885f22007ea"
 
 ###############################################################################
 # Section 2: fixed size partitions and reservations
@@ -255,10 +255,22 @@ set_partition_types() {
 set_partition_uuids() {
   local -n pp_uuid
   pp_uuid="${1:?}"
-  local uuid
-  for bank in A B ; do
-    uuid="BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_${bank}_PARTGUID"
-    uuid="${!uuid}"
-    pp_uuid["DATA-${bank}"]="${uuid}"
-  done
+  # Whether we're building a layout for a "split" image, where OS and data
+  # volumes are on separate disks, or a "unified" image, where they share the
+  # same disk.
+  partition_plan="${2:?}"
+  case "${partition_plan}" in
+    split)
+      pp_uuid["DATA-A"]="${BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_FALLBACK_PARTGUID}"
+      pp_uuid["DATA-B"]="${BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_PREFERRED_PARTGUID}"
+      ;;
+    unified)
+      pp_uuid["DATA-A"]="${BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_PREFERRED_PARTGUID}"
+      pp_uuid["DATA-B"]="${BOTTLEROCKET_DATA_FALLBACK_PARTGUID}"
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "unknown partition plan '${partition_plan}'" >&2
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
 }
diff --git a/tools/rpm2img b/tools/rpm2img
index aa93c03f3f7..480c2047b44 100755
--- a/tools/rpm2img
+++ b/tools/rpm2img
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ set_partition_sizes \
   partsize partoff
 set_partition_labels partlabel
 set_partition_types parttype
-set_partition_uuids partguid
+set_partition_uuids partguid "${PARTITION_PLAN}"
 
 declare -a partargs
 for part in \