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+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1d2a5585e04f9eea4b2a3d1eca508c4dee9592a89ef6f450c11719da0726f4db"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "zstd-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zstd-sys"
+version = "2.0.9+zstd.1.5.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9e16efa8a874a0481a574084d34cc26fdb3b99627480f785888deb6386506656"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "pkg-config",
+]
diff --git a/offchain/Cargo.toml b/offchain/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..68cd38b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+[workspace]
+resolver = "2"
+members = [
+    "core",
+    "dave-compute",
+    "input-reader",
+]
+
+[workspace.package]
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+authors = [
+  "Gabriel Coutinho de Paula <gcdepaula@protonmail.io>",
+  "Algebraic Sofia <sofia@algebraic.dev>",
+  "Stephen Chen <stephenx747@gmail.com>",
+]
+description = "A Cartesi validator reference implementation"
+edition = "2021"
+homepage = "https://github.com/cartesi/dave"
+license-file = "LICENSE"
+readme = "README.md"
+repository = "https://github.com/cartesi/dave"
+
+[workspace.dependencies]
+async-recursion = "1"
+async-trait = "0.1.74"
+ethers = "2.0.11"
+futures = "0.3"
+log = "0.4"
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
diff --git a/offchain/Dockerfile b/offchain/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4b2d924b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM rust:latest
+
+RUN curl -sSL https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/releases/download/nightly/foundry_nightly_linux_$(dpkg --print-architecture).tar.gz | \
+    tar -zx -C /usr/local/bin
+
+# Install protoc
+WORKDIR /usr
+RUN wget https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v24.4/protoc-24.4-linux-x86_64.zip \
+        && unzip protoc-24.4-linux-x86_64.zip \
+        && rm protoc-24.4-linux-x86_64.zip
+
+# Copy source
+#ADD . /source
+WORKDIR /source
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/offchain/Dockerfile.compute b/offchain/Dockerfile.compute
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4da635f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/Dockerfile.compute
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+FROM rust:1.71.0-bookworm AS chef
+
+ENV CARGO_REGISTRIES_CARTESI_INDEX=https://github.com/cartesi/crates-index
+RUN rustup component add rustfmt
+RUN cargo install cargo-chef
+
+FROM chef AS planner
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY ./machine-json-rpc /app/machine-json-rpc
+COPY ./offchain /app/offchain
+WORKDIR /app/offchain
+RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
+
+FROM chef AS builder
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY ./machine-json-rpc /app/machine-json-rpc
+COPY --from=planner /app/offchain/recipe.json /app/offchain/recipe.json
+
+# Build dependencies - this is the caching Docker layer!
+WORKDIR /app/offchain
+RUN cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json
+
+# Build application
+COPY --from=ethereum/solc:0.8.23 /usr/bin/solc /usr/bin/solc
+RUN chmod u+x /usr/bin/solc
+
+COPY ./offchain /app/offchain
+COPY ./machine-emulator-sdk /app/machine-emulator-sdk
+COPY ./permissionless-arbitration /app/permissionless-arbitration
+RUN cargo build --release --bin dave-compute
+
+FROM --platform=linux/amd64 cartesi/machine-emulator:0.15.2
+
+USER root
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y procps curl git xxd
+RUN curl -sSL https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/releases/download/nightly/foundry_nightly_linux_$(dpkg --print-architecture).tar.gz | \
+    tar -zx -C /usr/local/bin
+
+COPY . /root
+WORKDIR /root/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/program
+RUN ./gen_machine_simple.sh
+
+COPY --from=builder /app/offchain/target/release/dave-compute /root/target/release/dave-compute
+WORKDIR /root
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/root/offchain/compute-entrypoint.sh" ]
diff --git a/offchain/Dockerfile.compute.debootstrap b/offchain/Dockerfile.compute.debootstrap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cf8ba1e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/Dockerfile.compute.debootstrap
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+FROM rust:1.71.0-bookworm AS chef
+
+ENV CARGO_REGISTRIES_CARTESI_INDEX=https://github.com/cartesi/crates-index
+RUN rustup component add rustfmt
+RUN cargo install cargo-chef
+
+FROM chef AS planner
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY ./machine-json-rpc /app/machine-json-rpc
+COPY ./offchain /app/offchain
+WORKDIR /app/offchain
+RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
+
+FROM chef AS builder
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY ./machine-json-rpc /app/machine-json-rpc
+COPY --from=planner /app/offchain/recipe.json /app/offchain/recipe.json
+
+# Build dependencies - this is the caching Docker layer!
+WORKDIR /app/offchain
+RUN cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json
+
+# Build application
+COPY --from=ethereum/solc:0.8.23 /usr/bin/solc /usr/bin/solc
+RUN chmod u+x /usr/bin/solc
+
+COPY ./offchain /app/offchain
+COPY ./machine-emulator-sdk /app/machine-emulator-sdk
+COPY ./permissionless-arbitration /app/permissionless-arbitration
+RUN cargo build --release --bin dave-compute
+
+FROM --platform=linux/amd64 cartesi/machine-emulator:0.15.2
+
+USER root
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y procps curl git xxd
+RUN curl -sSL https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/releases/download/nightly/foundry_nightly_linux_$(dpkg --print-architecture).tar.gz | \
+    tar -zx -C /usr/local/bin
+RUN mkdir -p /root/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/program
+RUN curl -sSL https://web3.link/debootstrap-machine-sparsed.tar.gz | \
+    tar -zx -C /root/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/program
+
+COPY . /root
+COPY --from=builder /app/offchain/target/release/dave-compute /root/target/release/dave-compute
+WORKDIR /root
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/root/offchain/compute-entrypoint.sh" ]
diff --git a/offchain/README.md b/offchain/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1651da94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Dave Compute Node
+
+## Run example
+
+```
+docker build -t cartesi/dave-compute:dev -f Dockerfile.compute ../ && docker run --rm --env MACHINE_PATH="/root/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/program/simple-program" cartesi/dave-compute:dev
+```
+
+## Run debootstraps
+
+```
+docker build -t cartesi/dave-compute-debootstrap:dev -f Dockerfile.compute.debootstrap ../ && docker run --rm --env MACHINE_PATH="/root/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/program/debootstrap-machine-sparsed" cartesi/dave-compute-debootstrap:dev
+```
diff --git a/offchain/compute-entrypoint.sh b/offchain/compute-entrypoint.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..5a7f3fc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/compute-entrypoint.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+/usr/bin/jsonrpc-remote-cartesi-machine --server-address=127.0.0.1:5002 >/dev/null 2>&1 &
+# if integration test with lua node
+cd /root/permissionless-arbitration && ./lua_node/single_dishonest_entrypoint.lua &
+cd - && sleep 30
+# end of integration test
+RUST_LOG="info" target/release/dave-compute
diff --git a/offchain/core/Cargo.toml b/offchain/core/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..33b2bf65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[package]
+name = "cartesi-compute-core"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+build = "build.rs"
+
+[dependencies]
+cartesi-machine-json-rpc = { path = "../../machine-json-rpc" }
+async-recursion = { workspace = true }
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
+ethers = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
+base64 = "0.21.3"
+hex = "0.4.3"
+sha3 = "0.10.8"
+thiserror = "1.0.50"
+
+[build-dependencies]
+convert_case = "0.6.0"
+ethers-contract-abigen = "2.0.11"
+foundry-compilers = "0.1.3"
+serde_json = "1.0.107"
diff --git a/offchain/core/build.rs b/offchain/core/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a93661d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+use convert_case::{Case, Casing};
+use ethers_contract_abigen::Abigen;
+use foundry_compilers::remappings::Remapping;
+use foundry_compilers::{Project, ProjectPathsConfig};
+use serde_json;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    generate_contract_bidings()?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn generate_contract_bidings() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    let project_path = Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"));
+    let contract_rel_path = "../../permissionless-arbitration/contracts";
+    let step_rel_path = "../../machine-emulator-sdk/solidity-step/";
+    let contract_root_path = project_path.join(contract_rel_path);
+    let contract_src_files = vec![
+        "LeafTournament".to_string(),
+        "NonLeafTournament".to_string(),
+        "RootTournament".to_string(),
+        "NonRootTournament".to_string(),
+        "Tournament".to_string(),
+    ];
+
+    let paths = ProjectPathsConfig::builder()
+        .root(contract_root_path.as_path())
+        .remapping(Remapping {
+            context: None,
+            name: "step/".to_string(),
+            path: step_rel_path.to_string(),
+        })
+        .build()?;
+
+    let project = Project::builder()
+        .paths(paths)
+        .allowed_path(step_rel_path)
+        .build()?;
+
+    project
+        .compile_files(
+            contract_src_files
+                .iter()
+                .map(|f| {
+                    contract_root_path
+                        .join("src/tournament/abstracts")
+                        .join(format!("{}.sol", f))
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<PathBuf>>(),
+        )?
+        .artifacts()
+        .filter(|artifact| {
+            contract_src_files
+                .iter()
+                .any(|src| src.find(&artifact.0).is_some())
+        })
+        .for_each(|(contract, artifact)| {
+            let binding_file = format!("src/contract/{}.rs", contract.to_case(Case::Snake));
+            Abigen::new(
+                &contract,
+                serde_json::to_string(artifact.abi.as_ref().expect("abi not found"))
+                    .expect("fail to serialize abi"),
+            )
+            .expect("fail to construct abi builder")
+            .generate()
+            .expect("fail to generate binding")
+            .write_to_file(project_path.join(binding_file))
+            .expect("fail to write binding");
+        });
+
+    // Tell Cargo that if a source file changes, to rerun this build script.
+    project.rerun_if_sources_changed();
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/arena/arena.rs b/offchain/core/src/arena/arena.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa808246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/arena/arena.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,695 @@
+//! This module defines the struct [Reader] that is responsible for the reading the states
+//! of tournaments; and the struct [Sender] that is responsible for the sending transactions
+//! to tournaments
+
+use std::{collections::HashMap, error::Error, str::FromStr, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+
+use async_recursion::async_recursion;
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+
+use ethers::{
+    middleware::SignerMiddleware,
+    providers::{Http, Middleware, Provider},
+    signers::{LocalWallet, Signer},
+    types::{Address, BlockNumber::Latest, Bytes, ValueOrArray::Value, U256},
+};
+
+use crate::{
+    arena::config::ArenaConfig,
+    contract::{
+        leaf_tournament, non_leaf_tournament, non_root_tournament, root_tournament, tournament,
+    },
+    machine::{constants, MachineProof},
+    merkle::{Digest, MerkleProof},
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Arena {
+    client: Arc<SignerMiddleware<Provider<Http>, LocalWallet>>,
+}
+
+impl Arena {
+    pub fn new(config: ArenaConfig) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let provider = Provider::<Http>::try_from(config.web3_rpc_url.clone())?
+            .interval(Duration::from_millis(10u64));
+        let wallet = LocalWallet::from_str(config.web3_private_key.as_str())?;
+        let client = Arc::new(SignerMiddleware::new(
+            provider,
+            wallet.with_chain_id(config.web3_chain_id),
+        ));
+
+        Ok(Self { client })
+    }
+
+    async fn created_tournament(
+        &self,
+        tournament_address: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+    ) -> Result<Option<TournamentCreatedEvent>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament =
+            non_leaf_tournament::NonLeafTournament::new(tournament_address, self.client.clone());
+        let events = tournament
+            .new_inner_tournament_filter()
+            .address(Value(tournament_address))
+            .from_block(0)
+            .to_block(Latest)
+            .query()
+            .await?;
+        if let Some(event) = events.last() {
+            Ok(Some(TournamentCreatedEvent {
+                parent_match_id_hash: match_id.hash(),
+                new_tournament_address: event.1,
+            }))
+        } else {
+            Ok(None)
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn created_matches(
+        &self,
+        tournament_address: Address,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MatchCreatedEvent>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament_address, self.client.clone());
+        let events: Vec<MatchCreatedEvent> = tournament
+            .match_created_filter()
+            .address(Value(tournament_address))
+            .from_block(0)
+            .to_block(Latest)
+            .query()
+            .await?
+            .iter()
+            .map(|event| MatchCreatedEvent {
+                id: MatchID {
+                    commitment_one: event.one.into(),
+                    commitment_two: event.two.into(),
+                },
+                left_hash: event.left_of_two.into(),
+            })
+            .collect();
+        Ok(events)
+    }
+
+    async fn joined_commitments(
+        &self,
+        tournament_address: Address,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<CommitmentJoinedEvent>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament_address, self.client.clone());
+        let events = tournament
+            .commitment_joined_filter()
+            .address(Value(tournament_address))
+            .from_block(0)
+            .to_block(Latest)
+            .query()
+            .await?
+            .iter()
+            .map(|c| CommitmentJoinedEvent {
+                root: Digest::from(c.root),
+            })
+            .collect();
+        Ok(events)
+    }
+
+    async fn get_commitment(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        commitment_hash: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<CommitmentState, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let (clock_state, hash) = tournament
+            .get_commitment(commitment_hash.into())
+            .call()
+            .await?;
+        let block_time = self
+            .client
+            .get_block(Latest)
+            .await?
+            .expect("cannot get last block")
+            .timestamp;
+        let clock_state = ClockState {
+            allowance: clock_state.allowance,
+            start_instant: clock_state.start_instant,
+            block_time,
+        };
+        Ok(CommitmentState {
+            clock: clock_state,
+            final_state: Digest::from(hash),
+            latest_match: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub async fn fetch_from_root(
+        &self,
+        root_tournament: Address,
+    ) -> Result<HashMap<Address, TournamentState>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        self.fetch_tournament(TournamentState::new_root(root_tournament), HashMap::new())
+            .await
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn fetch_tournament(
+        &self,
+        tournament_state: TournamentState,
+        states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<HashMap<Address, TournamentState>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament_state.address, self.client.clone());
+        let created_matches = self.created_matches(tournament_state.address).await?;
+        let commitments_joined = self.joined_commitments(tournament_state.address).await?;
+
+        let mut commitment_states = HashMap::new();
+        for commitment in commitments_joined {
+            let commitment_state = self
+                .get_commitment(tournament_state.address, commitment.root)
+                .await?;
+            commitment_states.insert(commitment.root, commitment_state);
+        }
+
+        let mut matches = vec![];
+        let mut new_states = states.clone();
+        for match_event in created_matches {
+            let match_id = match_event.id;
+            let m = tournament.get_match(match_id.hash().into()).call().await?;
+
+            let running_leaf_position = m.running_leaf_position.as_u64();
+            let base = tournament_state.base_big_cycle;
+            let step = 1 << constants::LOG2_STEP[(tournament_state.level - 1) as usize];
+            let leaf_cycle = base + (step * running_leaf_position);
+            let base_big_cycle = leaf_cycle >> constants::LOG2_UARCH_SPAN;
+            let prev_states = new_states.clone();
+            let match_state;
+
+            // if !Digest::from(m.other_parent).is_zeroed() {
+            (match_state, new_states) = self
+                .fetch_match(
+                    MatchState {
+                        id: match_id,
+                        other_parent: m.other_parent.into(),
+                        left_node: m.left_node.into(),
+                        right_node: m.right_node.into(),
+                        running_leaf_position,
+                        current_height: m.current_height,
+                        tournament_address: tournament_state.address,
+                        level: m.level,
+                        leaf_cycle,
+                        base_big_cycle,
+                        inner_tournament: None,
+                    },
+                    prev_states,
+                    tournament_state.level,
+                )
+                .await?;
+
+            commitment_states
+                .get_mut(&match_id.commitment_one)
+                .expect("cannot find commitment one state")
+                .latest_match = Some(matches.len());
+            commitment_states
+                .get_mut(&match_id.commitment_two)
+                .expect("cannot find commitment two state")
+                .latest_match = Some(matches.len());
+            matches.push(match_state);
+        }
+        // }
+
+        let winner = match tournament_state.parent {
+            Some(_) => self.tournament_winner(tournament_state.address).await?,
+            None => {
+                self.root_tournament_winner(tournament_state.address)
+                    .await?
+            }
+        };
+
+        let mut state = tournament_state.clone();
+        state.winner = winner;
+        state.matches = matches;
+        state.commitment_states = commitment_states;
+
+        new_states.insert(tournament_state.address, state);
+
+        Ok(new_states)
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn fetch_match(
+        &self,
+        match_state: MatchState,
+        states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+        tournament_level: u64,
+    ) -> Result<(MatchState, HashMap<Address, TournamentState>), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let mut state = match_state.clone();
+        let created_tournament = self
+            .created_tournament(match_state.tournament_address, match_state.id)
+            .await?;
+        if let Some(inner) = created_tournament {
+            let inner_tournament = TournamentState::new_inner(
+                inner.new_tournament_address,
+                tournament_level - 1,
+                match_state.base_big_cycle,
+                match_state.tournament_address,
+            );
+            let new_states = self.fetch_tournament(inner_tournament, states).await?;
+            state.inner_tournament = Some(inner.new_tournament_address);
+
+            return Ok((state, new_states));
+        }
+
+        Ok((state, states))
+    }
+
+    async fn root_tournament_winner(
+        &self,
+        root_tournament: Address,
+    ) -> Result<Option<TournamentWinner>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let root_tournament =
+            root_tournament::RootTournament::new(root_tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let (finished, commitment, state) = root_tournament.arbitration_result().call().await?;
+        if finished {
+            Ok(Some(TournamentWinner::Root(
+                Digest::from(commitment),
+                Digest::from(state),
+            )))
+        } else {
+            Ok(None)
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn tournament_winner(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+    ) -> Result<Option<TournamentWinner>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament =
+            non_root_tournament::NonRootTournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let (finished, parent_commitment, dangling_commitment) =
+            tournament.inner_tournament_winner().call().await?;
+        if finished {
+            Ok(Some(TournamentWinner::Inner(
+                Digest::from(parent_commitment),
+                Digest::from(dangling_commitment),
+            )))
+        } else {
+            Ok(None)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The [ArenaSender] trait defines the interface for the creation and management of tournaments.
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait ArenaSender: Send + Sync {
+    async fn join_tournament(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        final_state: Digest,
+        proof: MerkleProof,
+        left_child: Digest,
+        right_child: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+    async fn advance_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_node: Digest,
+        right_node: Digest,
+        new_left_node: Digest,
+        new_right_node: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+    async fn seal_inner_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_leaf: Digest,
+        right_leaf: Digest,
+        initial_hash: Digest,
+        initial_hash_proof: MerkleProof,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+    async fn win_inner_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        child_tournament: Address,
+        left_node: Digest,
+        right_node: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+    async fn seal_leaf_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_leaf: Digest,
+        right_leaf: Digest,
+        initial_hash: Digest,
+        initial_hash_proof: MerkleProof,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+    async fn win_leaf_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_node: Digest,
+        right_node: Digest,
+        proofs: MachineProof,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+    async fn eliminate_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>>;
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl ArenaSender for Arena {
+    async fn join_tournament(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        final_state: Digest,
+        proof: MerkleProof,
+        left_child: Digest,
+        right_child: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let proof = proof.iter().map(|h| -> [u8; 32] { (*h).into() }).collect();
+        tournament
+            .join_tournament(
+                final_state.into(),
+                proof,
+                left_child.into(),
+                right_child.into(),
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn advance_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_node: Digest,
+        right_node: Digest,
+        new_left_node: Digest,
+        new_right_node: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let match_id = tournament::Id {
+            commitment_one: match_id.commitment_one.into(),
+            commitment_two: match_id.commitment_two.into(),
+        };
+        tournament
+            .advance_match(
+                match_id,
+                left_node.into(),
+                right_node.into(),
+                new_left_node.into(),
+                new_right_node.into(),
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn seal_inner_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_leaf: Digest,
+        right_leaf: Digest,
+        initial_hash: Digest,
+        initial_hash_proof: MerkleProof,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament =
+            non_leaf_tournament::NonLeafTournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let match_id = non_leaf_tournament::Id {
+            commitment_one: match_id.commitment_one.into(),
+            commitment_two: match_id.commitment_two.into(),
+        };
+        let initial_hash_proof = initial_hash_proof
+            .iter()
+            .map(|h| -> [u8; 32] { (*h).into() })
+            .collect();
+        tournament
+            .seal_inner_match_and_create_inner_tournament(
+                match_id,
+                left_leaf.into(),
+                right_leaf.into(),
+                initial_hash.into(),
+                initial_hash_proof,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn win_inner_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        child_tournament: Address,
+        left_node: Digest,
+        right_node: Digest,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament =
+            non_leaf_tournament::NonLeafTournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        tournament
+            .win_inner_match(child_tournament, left_node.into(), right_node.into())
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn seal_leaf_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_leaf: Digest,
+        right_leaf: Digest,
+        initial_hash: Digest,
+        initial_hash_proof: MerkleProof,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = leaf_tournament::LeafTournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let match_id = leaf_tournament::Id {
+            commitment_one: match_id.commitment_one.into(),
+            commitment_two: match_id.commitment_two.into(),
+        };
+        let initial_hash_proof = initial_hash_proof
+            .iter()
+            .map(|h| -> [u8; 32] { (*h).into() })
+            .collect();
+        tournament
+            .seal_leaf_match(
+                match_id,
+                left_leaf.into(),
+                right_leaf.into(),
+                initial_hash.into(),
+                initial_hash_proof,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn win_leaf_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+        left_node: Digest,
+        right_node: Digest,
+        proofs: MachineProof,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = leaf_tournament::LeafTournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let match_id = leaf_tournament::Id {
+            commitment_one: match_id.commitment_one.into(),
+            commitment_two: match_id.commitment_two.into(),
+        };
+        tournament
+            .win_leaf_match(
+                match_id,
+                left_node.into(),
+                right_node.into(),
+                Bytes::from(proofs),
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn eliminate_match(
+        &self,
+        tournament: Address,
+        match_id: MatchID,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let tournament = tournament::Tournament::new(tournament, self.client.clone());
+        let match_id = tournament::Id {
+            commitment_one: match_id.commitment_one.into(),
+            commitment_two: match_id.commitment_two.into(),
+        };
+        tournament
+            .eliminate_match_by_timeout(match_id)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// This struct is used to communicate the creation of a new tournament.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct TournamentCreatedEvent {
+    pub parent_match_id_hash: Digest,
+    pub new_tournament_address: Address,
+}
+
+/// This struct is used to communicate the enrollment of a new commitment.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct CommitmentJoinedEvent {
+    pub root: Digest,
+}
+
+/// This struct is used to communicate the creation of a new match.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct MatchCreatedEvent {
+    pub id: MatchID,
+    pub left_hash: Digest,
+}
+
+/// Struct used to identify a match.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct MatchID {
+    pub commitment_one: Digest,
+    pub commitment_two: Digest,
+}
+
+impl MatchID {
+    /// Generates a new [Digest]
+    pub fn hash(&self) -> Digest {
+        self.commitment_one.join(&self.commitment_two)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Struct used to communicate the state of a commitment.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct CommitmentState {
+    pub clock: ClockState,
+    pub final_state: Digest,
+    pub latest_match: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+/// Struct used to communicate the state of a clock.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct ClockState {
+    pub allowance: u64,
+    pub start_instant: u64,
+    pub block_time: U256,
+}
+
+impl ClockState {
+    pub fn has_time(&self) -> bool {
+        if self.start_instant == 0 {
+            true
+        } else {
+            self.deadline() > self.block_time.as_u64()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn time_since_timeout(&self) -> u64 {
+        if self.start_instant == 0 {
+            0
+        } else {
+            self.block_time.as_u64() - self.deadline()
+        }
+    }
+
+    // deadline of clock if it's ticking
+    fn deadline(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.start_instant + self.allowance
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for ClockState {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        if self.start_instant == 0 {
+            write!(f, "clock paused, {} seconds left", self.allowance)
+        } else {
+            let time_elapsed = self.block_time.as_u64() - self.start_instant;
+            if self.allowance >= time_elapsed {
+                write!(
+                    f,
+                    "clock ticking, {} seconds left",
+                    self.allowance - time_elapsed
+                )
+            } else {
+                write!(
+                    f,
+                    "clock ticking, {} seconds overdue",
+                    time_elapsed - self.allowance
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Enum used to represent the winner of a tournament.
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum TournamentWinner {
+    Root(Digest, Digest),
+    Inner(Digest, Digest),
+}
+
+/// Struct used to communicate the state of a tournament.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct TournamentState {
+    pub address: Address,
+    pub base_big_cycle: u64,
+    pub level: u64,
+    pub parent: Option<Address>,
+    pub commitment_states: HashMap<Digest, CommitmentState>,
+    pub matches: Vec<MatchState>,
+    pub winner: Option<TournamentWinner>,
+}
+
+impl TournamentState {
+    pub fn new_root(address: Address) -> Self {
+        TournamentState {
+            address,
+            base_big_cycle: 0,
+            level: constants::LEVELS,
+            parent: None,
+            commitment_states: HashMap::new(),
+            matches: vec![],
+            winner: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_inner(address: Address, level: u64, base_big_cycle: u64, parent: Address) -> Self {
+        TournamentState {
+            address,
+            base_big_cycle,
+            level,
+            parent: Some(parent),
+            commitment_states: HashMap::new(),
+            matches: vec![],
+            winner: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Struct used to communicate the state of a match.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct MatchState {
+    pub id: MatchID,
+    pub other_parent: Digest,
+    pub left_node: Digest,
+    pub right_node: Digest,
+    pub running_leaf_position: u64,
+    pub current_height: u64,
+    pub level: u64,
+    pub leaf_cycle: u64,
+    pub base_big_cycle: u64,
+    pub tournament_address: Address,
+    pub inner_tournament: Option<Address>,
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/arena/config.rs b/offchain/core/src/arena/config.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..068c8d39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/arena/config.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//! Module for configuration of an Arena.
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ArenaConfig {
+    pub web3_rpc_url: String,
+    pub web3_chain_id: u64,
+    pub web3_private_key: String,
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/arena/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/arena/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..edd38582
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/arena/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//! This module defines the struct [Reader] that is responsible for the reading the states
+//! of tournaments; and the struct [Sender] that is responsible for the sending transactions
+//! to tournaments
+
+mod config;
+pub use config::*;
+
+mod arena;
+pub use arena::*;
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/contract/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/contract/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cd883957
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/contract/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pub mod leaf_tournament;
+pub mod non_leaf_tournament;
+pub mod non_root_tournament;
+pub mod root_tournament;
+pub mod tournament;
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/lib.rs b/offchain/core/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8db4c52d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//! `cartesi-compute-core` is a crate that defines a lot of data structures for the creation of Merkle
+//! trees and tournaments using the Cartesi Machine.
+
+pub mod arena;
+pub mod contract;
+pub mod machine;
+pub mod merkle;
+pub mod strategy;
+pub mod utils;
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/machine/commitment.rs b/offchain/core/src/machine/commitment.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e7e294cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/machine/commitment.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+//! This module defines a struct [MachineCommitment] that is used to represent a `computation hash`
+//! described on the paper https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.12439.pdf.
+
+use std::{error::Error, ops::ControlFlow, sync::Arc};
+
+use crate::{
+    machine::{constants, MachineRpc},
+    merkle::{Digest, MerkleBuilder, MerkleTree, UInt},
+    utils::arithmetic,
+};
+
+/// The [MachineCommitment] struct represents a `computation hash`, that is a [MerkleTree] of a set
+/// of steps of the Cartesi Machine.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct MachineCommitment {
+    pub implicit_hash: Digest,
+    pub merkle: Arc<MerkleTree>,
+}
+
+/// Builds a [MachineCommitment] from a [MachineRpc] and a base cycle.
+pub async fn build_machine_commitment(
+    machine: &mut MachineRpc,
+    base_cycle: u64,
+    log2_stride: u64,
+    log2_stride_count: u64,
+) -> Result<MachineCommitment, Box<dyn Error>> {
+    if log2_stride >= constants::LOG2_UARCH_SPAN {
+        assert!(
+            log2_stride + log2_stride_count
+                <= constants::LOG2_EMULATOR_SPAN + constants::LOG2_UARCH_SPAN
+        );
+        build_big_machine_commitment(machine, base_cycle, log2_stride, log2_stride_count).await
+    } else {
+        assert!(log2_stride == 0);
+        build_small_machine_commitment(machine, base_cycle, log2_stride_count).await
+    }
+}
+
+/// Builds a [MachineCommitment] Hash for the Cartesi Machine using the big machine model.
+pub async fn build_big_machine_commitment(
+    machine: &mut MachineRpc,
+    base_cycle: u64,
+    log2_stride: u64,
+    log2_stride_count: u64,
+) -> Result<MachineCommitment, Box<dyn Error>> {
+    machine.run(base_cycle).await?;
+    let initial_state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+
+    let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+    let instruction_count = arithmetic::max_uint(log2_stride_count);
+
+    for instruction in 0..=instruction_count {
+        let control_flow = advance_instruction(
+            instruction,
+            log2_stride,
+            machine,
+            base_cycle,
+            &mut builder,
+            instruction_count,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        if let ControlFlow::Break(_) = control_flow {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let merkle = builder.build();
+
+    Ok(MachineCommitment {
+        implicit_hash: initial_state.root_hash,
+        merkle: Arc::new(merkle),
+    })
+}
+
+async fn advance_instruction(
+    instruction: u64,
+    log2_stride: u64,
+    machine: &mut MachineRpc,
+    base_cycle: u64,
+    builder: &mut MerkleBuilder,
+    instruction_count: u64,
+) -> Result<ControlFlow<()>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+    let cycle = (instruction + 1) << (log2_stride - constants::LOG2_UARCH_SPAN);
+    machine.run(base_cycle + cycle).await?;
+    let state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+    let control_flow = if state.halted {
+        builder.add_with_repetition(
+            state.root_hash,
+            UInt::from(instruction_count - instruction + 1),
+        );
+        ControlFlow::Break(())
+    } else {
+        builder.add(state.root_hash);
+        ControlFlow::Continue(())
+    };
+    Ok(control_flow)
+}
+
+pub async fn build_small_machine_commitment(
+    machine: &mut MachineRpc,
+    base_cycle: u64,
+    log2_stride_count: u64,
+) -> Result<MachineCommitment, Box<dyn Error>> {
+    machine.run(base_cycle).await?;
+    let initial_state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+
+    let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+    let instruction_count = arithmetic::max_uint(log2_stride_count - constants::LOG2_UARCH_SPAN);
+    let mut instruction = 0;
+    loop {
+        if instruction > instruction_count {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        builder.add_tree(run_uarch_span(machine).await?);
+        instruction += 1;
+
+        let state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+        if state.halted {
+            builder.add_tree_with_repetition(
+                run_uarch_span(machine).await?,
+                UInt::from(instruction_count - instruction + 1),
+            );
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    let merkle = builder.build();
+
+    Ok(MachineCommitment {
+        implicit_hash: initial_state.root_hash,
+        merkle: Arc::new(merkle),
+    })
+}
+
+async fn run_uarch_span(machine: &mut MachineRpc) -> Result<MerkleTree, Box<dyn Error>> {
+    let (_, ucycle) = machine.position();
+    assert!(ucycle == 0);
+
+    machine.increment_uarch().await?;
+
+    let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+    let mut i = 0;
+
+    let mut state = loop {
+        let mut state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+        builder.add_with_repetition(state.root_hash, 1);
+
+        machine.increment_uarch().await?;
+        i += 1;
+
+        state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+        if state.uhalted {
+            break state;
+        }
+    };
+
+    builder.add_with_repetition(state.root_hash, UInt::from(constants::UARCH_SPAN - i));
+
+    machine.ureset().await?;
+    state = machine.machine_state().await?;
+    builder.add_with_repetition(state.root_hash, 1);
+
+    Ok(builder.build())
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/machine/commitment_builder.rs b/offchain/core/src/machine/commitment_builder.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a63b80ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/machine/commitment_builder.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+//! The builder of machine commitments [MachineCommitmentBuilder] is responsible for building the
+//! [MachineCommitment]. It is used by the [Arena] to build the commitments of the tournaments.
+
+use crate::machine::{build_machine_commitment, constants, MachineCommitment, MachineFactory};
+use std::{
+    collections::{hash_map::Entry, HashMap},
+    error::Error,
+};
+
+pub struct CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder {
+    machine_factory: MachineFactory,
+    machine_path: String,
+    commitments: HashMap<u64, HashMap<u64, MachineCommitment>>,
+}
+
+impl CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder {
+    pub fn new(machine_factory: MachineFactory, machine_path: String) -> Self {
+        CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder {
+            machine_factory,
+            machine_path,
+            commitments: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn build_commitment(
+        &mut self,
+        base_cycle: u64,
+        level: u64,
+    ) -> Result<MachineCommitment, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        assert!(level <= constants::LEVELS, "level out of bounds");
+
+        if let Entry::Vacant(e) = self.commitments.entry(level) {
+            e.insert(HashMap::new());
+        } else if self.commitments[&level].contains_key(&base_cycle) {
+            return Ok(self.commitments[&level][&base_cycle].clone());
+        }
+
+        let l = constants::LEVELS - level;
+        let log2_stride = constants::LOG2_STEP[l as usize];
+        let log2_stride_count = constants::HEIGHTS[l as usize];
+        let mut machine = self
+            .machine_factory
+            .create_machine(&self.machine_path)
+            .await?;
+        let commitment =
+            build_machine_commitment(&mut machine, base_cycle, log2_stride, log2_stride_count)
+                .await?;
+
+        self.commitments
+            .entry(level)
+            .or_default()
+            .insert(base_cycle, commitment.clone());
+
+        Ok(commitment)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/machine/constants.rs b/offchain/core/src/machine/constants.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3559630e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/machine/constants.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+use crate::utils::arithmetic;
+
+pub const LEVELS: u64 = 3;
+pub const MAX_CYCLE: u64 = 63;
+
+pub const LOG2_STEP: [u64; 3] = [31, 16, 0];
+pub const HEIGHTS: [u64; 3] = [32, 15, 16];
+
+pub const LOG2_UARCH_SPAN: u64 = 16;
+pub const UARCH_SPAN: u64 = arithmetic::max_uint(LOG2_UARCH_SPAN);
+
+pub const LOG2_EMULATOR_SPAN: u64 = 47;
+pub const EMULATOR_SPAN: u64 = arithmetic::max_uint(LOG2_EMULATOR_SPAN);
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/machine/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/machine/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..21434dcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/machine/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//! Module for communication with the Cartesi machine using RPC and construction of computation 
+//! hashes.
+ 
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub mod constants;
+
+pub mod rpc;
+pub use rpc::*;
+
+mod commitment;
+pub use commitment::*;
+
+mod commitment_builder;
+pub use commitment_builder::*;
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/machine/rpc.rs b/offchain/core/src/machine/rpc.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4af312ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/machine/rpc.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+//! Module for communication with the Cartesi machine using RPC.
+
+use base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD;
+use base64::Engine;
+use cartesi_machine_json_rpc::client::{
+    AccessLog, AccessLogType, AccessType, Error, JsonRpcCartesiMachineClient, MachineRuntimeConfig,
+};
+use sha3::{Digest as Keccak256Digest, Keccak256};
+
+use crate::{machine::constants, merkle::Digest, utils::arithmetic};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct MachineState {
+    pub root_hash: Digest,
+    pub halted: bool,
+    pub uhalted: bool,
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for MachineState {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(
+            f,
+            "{{root_hash = {:?}, halted = {}, uhalted = {}}}",
+            self.root_hash, self.halted, self.uhalted
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+pub type MachineProof = Vec<u8>;
+
+pub struct MachineRpc {
+    rpc_client: JsonRpcCartesiMachineClient,
+    root_hash: Digest,
+    start_cycle: u64,
+    cycle: u64,
+    ucycle: u64,
+}
+
+impl MachineRpc {
+    pub async fn new(json_rpc_url: &str, snapshot_path: &str) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        let rpc_client = JsonRpcCartesiMachineClient::new(json_rpc_url.to_string()).await?;
+
+        rpc_client
+            .load_machine(snapshot_path, &MachineRuntimeConfig::default())
+            .await?;
+
+        let root_hash = rpc_client.get_root_hash().await?;
+        let start_cycle = rpc_client.read_csr("mcycle".to_string()).await?;
+
+        // Machine can never be advanced on the micro arch.
+        // Validators must verify this first
+        assert_eq!(rpc_client.read_csr("uarch_cycle".to_string()).await?, 0);
+
+        Ok(MachineRpc {
+            rpc_client,
+            start_cycle,
+            root_hash: Digest::from(root_hash),
+            cycle: 0,
+            ucycle: 0,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn root_hash(&self) -> Digest {
+        self.root_hash
+    }
+
+    // pub async fn get_logs(&self, cycle: u64, ucycle: u64) -> Result<String, Error> {
+    pub async fn get_logs(&mut self, cycle: u64, ucycle: u64) -> Result<MachineProof, Error> {
+        self.run(cycle).await?;
+        self.run_uarch(ucycle).await?;
+
+        if ucycle == constants::UARCH_SPAN {
+            self.run_uarch(constants::UARCH_SPAN).await?;
+            eprintln!("ureset, not implemented");
+        }
+
+        let access_log = AccessLogType {
+            annotations: true,
+            proofs: true,
+        };
+        let logs = self.rpc_client.step(&access_log, false).await?;
+
+        // let mut encoded = Vec::new();
+
+        // for a in &logs.accesses {
+        //     assert_eq!(a.log2_size, 3);
+        //     if a.r#type == AccessType::Read {
+        //         encoded.push(a.read_data.clone());
+        //     }
+
+        //     encoded.push(STANDARD.decode(a.proof.target_hash.clone()).unwrap());
+
+        //     let decoded_sibling_hashes: Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, hex::FromHexError> =
+        //         a.proof.sibling_hashes.iter().map(STANDARD.decode).collect();
+
+        //     let mut decoded = decoded_sibling_hashes?;
+        //     decoded.reverse();
+        //     encoded.extend_from_slice(&decoded.clone());
+
+        //     assert_eq!(
+        //         ver(
+        //             STANDARD.decode(a.proof.target_hash.clone()).unwrap(),
+        //             a.address,
+        //             decoded.clone()
+        //         ),
+        //         STANDARD.decode(a.proof.root_hash.clone()).unwrap()
+        //     );
+        // }
+        // let data: Vec<u8> = encoded.iter().flatten().cloned().collect();
+
+        // let hex_data = hex::encode(data);
+
+        // Ok(format!("\"{}\"", hex_data))
+
+        Ok(encode_access_log(&logs))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn generate_proof(&mut self, cycle: u64, ucycle: u64) -> Result<MachineProof, Error> {
+        self.rpc_client.run(cycle).await?;
+        self.rpc_client.run_uarch(ucycle).await?;
+
+        if ucycle == constants::UARCH_SPAN {
+            self.rpc_client.run_uarch(constants::UARCH_SPAN).await?;
+            // TODO: log warn/error or retrn error.
+            eprintln!("ureset, not implemented");
+        }
+
+        let log_type = AccessLogType {
+            annotations: true,
+            proofs: true,
+        };
+        let log = self.rpc_client.step(&log_type, false).await?;
+
+        Ok(encode_access_log(&log))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn run(&mut self, cycle: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        assert!(self.cycle <= cycle);
+
+        let physical_cycle = add_and_clamp(self.start_cycle, cycle);
+
+        loop {
+            let halted = self.rpc_client.read_iflags_h().await?;
+            if halted {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            let mcycle = self.rpc_client.read_csr("mcycle".to_string()).await?;
+            if mcycle == physical_cycle {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            self.rpc_client.run(physical_cycle).await?;
+        }
+
+        self.cycle = cycle;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn run_uarch(&mut self, ucycle: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        assert!(
+            self.ucycle <= ucycle,
+            "{}",
+            format!("{}, {}", self.ucycle, ucycle)
+        );
+
+        self.rpc_client.run_uarch(ucycle).await?;
+        self.ucycle = ucycle;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn increment_uarch(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.rpc_client.run_uarch(self.ucycle + 1).await?;
+        self.ucycle += 1;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn ureset(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.rpc_client.reset_uarch_state().await?;
+        self.cycle += 1;
+        self.ucycle = 0;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn machine_state(&self) -> Result<MachineState, Error> {
+        let root_hash = self.rpc_client.get_root_hash().await?;
+        let halted = self.rpc_client.read_iflags_h().await?;
+        let uhalted = self.rpc_client.read_uarch_halt_flag().await?;
+
+        Ok(MachineState {
+            root_hash: Digest::new(root_hash),
+            halted,
+            uhalted,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub async fn write_memory(&self, address: u64, data: String) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+        self.rpc_client.write_memory(address, data).await
+    }
+
+    pub fn position(&self) -> (u64, u64) {
+        (self.cycle, self.ucycle)
+    }
+}
+
+fn add_and_clamp(x: u64, y: u64) -> u64 {
+    if x < arithmetic::max_uint(64) - y {
+        x + y
+    } else {
+        arithmetic::max_uint(64)
+    }
+}
+
+fn encode_access_log(log: &AccessLog) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut encoded = Vec::new();
+
+    for a in log.accesses.iter() {
+        assert_eq!(a.log2_size, 3);
+        if a.r#type == AccessType::Read {
+            encoded.push(a.read_data.clone());
+        }
+
+        encoded.push(
+            STANDARD
+                .decode(base64_hash_to_string(&a.proof.target_hash))
+                .unwrap(),
+        );
+
+        let mut decoded_sibling_hashes: Vec<Vec<u8>> = a
+            .proof
+            .sibling_hashes
+            .iter()
+            .map(base64_hash_to_string)
+            .map(|s| STANDARD.decode(s).unwrap())
+            .collect();
+
+        decoded_sibling_hashes.reverse();
+        encoded.extend_from_slice(&decoded_sibling_hashes.clone());
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            ver(
+                STANDARD
+                    .decode(base64_hash_to_string(&a.proof.target_hash))
+                    .unwrap(),
+                a.address,
+                decoded_sibling_hashes.clone()
+            ),
+            STANDARD
+                .decode(base64_hash_to_string(&a.proof.root_hash))
+                .unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+    encoded.iter().flatten().cloned().collect()
+}
+
+fn base64_hash_to_string(base64_hash: &cartesi_machine_json_rpc::interfaces::Base64Hash) -> String {
+    let mut res = base64_hash.clone();
+
+    if res.ends_with('\n') {
+        res.pop();
+    }
+
+    res
+}
+
+fn ver(mut t: Vec<u8>, p: u64, s: Vec<Vec<u8>>) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let stride = p >> 3;
+    for (k, v) in s.iter().enumerate() {
+        if (stride >> k) % 2 == 0 {
+            let mut keccak = Keccak256::new();
+            keccak.update(&t);
+            keccak.update(v);
+            t = keccak.finalize().to_vec();
+        } else {
+            let mut keccak = Keccak256::new();
+            keccak.update(v);
+            keccak.update(&t);
+            t = keccak.finalize().to_vec();
+        }
+    }
+    t
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct MachineFactory {
+    rpc_host: String,
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    rpc_port: u32,
+
+    rpc_client: JsonRpcCartesiMachineClient,
+}
+
+impl MachineFactory {
+    pub async fn new(rpc_host: String, rpc_port: u32) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        let rpc_url = format!("{}:{}", rpc_host, rpc_port);
+        let rpc_client = JsonRpcCartesiMachineClient::new(rpc_url).await?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            rpc_host,
+            rpc_port,
+            rpc_client,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub async fn create_machine(&self, snapshot_path: &str) -> Result<MachineRpc, Error> {
+        let fork_rpc_url = self.rpc_client.fork().await?;
+        let fork_rpc_port = fork_rpc_url.split(':').last().unwrap();
+        let fork_rpc_url = format!("{}:{}", self.rpc_host, fork_rpc_port);
+        let machine_rpc = MachineRpc::new(fork_rpc_url.as_str(), snapshot_path).await?;
+
+        Ok(machine_rpc)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/merkle/digest/keccak.rs b/offchain/core/src/merkle/digest/keccak.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a53affc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/merkle/digest/keccak.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//! Keccak256 hash for the Digest Type. It's used to hash the data in the Digest.
+
+use sha3::{Keccak256, Digest as Keccak256Digest};
+
+use super::Digest;
+
+impl Digest {
+    /// Computes the Keccak256 hash of the given data and returns a new Digest.
+    pub fn from_data(data: &[u8]) -> Digest {
+        let mut keccak = Keccak256::new();
+        keccak.update(data);
+        let digest: [u8; 32] = keccak.finalize().into();
+        Digest::from(digest)
+    }
+
+    /// Joins the current Digest with another Digest to create a new Digest.
+    pub fn join(&self, digest: &Digest) -> Digest {
+        let mut keccak = Keccak256::new();
+        keccak.update(self.data);
+        keccak.update(digest.data);
+        let digest: [u8; 32] = keccak.finalize().into();
+        Digest::from(digest)
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/merkle/digest/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/merkle/digest/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ab64b5b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/merkle/digest/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+//! Definition of the [Digest] type and its associated methods. A digest is the output of a hash
+//! function. It's used to identify the data in the MerkleTree.
+
+use hex::FromHex;
+use std::fmt;
+
+pub mod keccak;
+
+use hex;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum DigestError {
+    #[error("Invalid digest data length")]
+    InvalidDigestLength,
+}
+
+/// The output of a hash function.
+#[derive(Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct Digest {
+    data: [u8; 32],
+}
+
+impl Digest {
+    /// Creates a new [Digest] with the provided 32-byte data.
+    pub fn new(data: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
+        Digest { data }
+    }
+
+    /// Attempts to create a [Digest] from a Vec<u8> containing 32 bytes of data.
+    pub fn from_digest(digest_data: &[u8]) -> Result<Digest, DigestError> {
+        if digest_data.len() != 32 {
+            return Err(DigestError::InvalidDigestLength);
+        }
+
+        let mut data = [0u8; 32];
+        data.copy_from_slice(digest_data);
+        Ok(Digest::new(data))
+    }
+
+    /// Attempts to create a [Digest] from a hexadecimal string.
+    pub fn from_digest_hex(digest_hex: &str) -> Result<Digest, DigestError> {
+        let data = Vec::from_hex(digest_hex).map_err(|_| DigestError::InvalidDigestLength)?;
+        Self::from_digest(&data)
+    }
+
+    /// Converts the [Digest] to a hexadecimal string.
+    pub fn to_hex(&self) -> String {
+        hex::encode(self.data)
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a [Digest] with all bytes set to zero.
+    pub fn zeroed() -> Self {
+        Digest::new([0; 32])
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if the [Digest] is zeroed.
+    pub fn is_zeroed(&self) -> bool {
+        self.data.iter().all(|&x| x == 0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<[u8; 32]> for Digest {
+    fn from(data: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
+        Digest { data }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Digest> for [u8; 32] {
+    fn from(hash: Digest) -> Self {
+        hash.data
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Digest {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.to_hex())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/merkle/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/merkle/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5562ca85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/merkle/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//! This module exposes a bunch of structures for creating and managing [MerkleTree]. To create a new
+//! [MerkleTree] you need to use the [MerkleBuilder] struct. With a MerkleTree you can create a
+//! [MerkleProof] and verify it.
+//!
+//! # Examples
+//! ```rust
+//! let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+//! builder.add(Digest::zeroed(), 2);
+//! builder.add(Digest::zeroed(),0u128.wrapping_sub(2));
+//! let merkle = builder.build();
+//! assert_eq!(merkle.root_hash(), builder.iterated_merkle(Digest::zeroed(), 128));
+//! ```
+//!
+
+mod digest;
+pub use digest::*;
+
+mod node;
+pub use node::*;
+
+mod tree;
+pub use tree::*;
+
+mod tree_builder;
+pub use tree_builder::*;
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/merkle/node.rs b/offchain/core/src/merkle/node.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..500166f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/merkle/node.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//! Module for a node in a Merkle tree. It can be either a leaf or an inner node. 
+//! Inner nodes have two children, which are also Merkle tree nodes but here
+//! we only store their hashes.
+
+use crate::merkle::Digest;
+
+/// A node in a merkle tree. It can be either a leaf or an inner node.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct MerkleTreeNode {
+    pub digest: Digest,
+    children: Option<(Digest, Digest)>,
+}
+
+impl MerkleTreeNode {
+    /// Creates a new Merkle tree node with the given digest.
+    pub fn new(left: Digest, right: Digest) -> Self {
+        MerkleTreeNode {
+            digest: left.join(&right),
+            children: Some((left, right)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_digest(digest: Digest) -> Self {
+        MerkleTreeNode {
+            digest,
+            children: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the children of the node.
+    pub(crate) fn set_children(&mut self, left: Digest, right: Digest) {
+        self.children = Some((left, right));
+    }
+
+    /// Retrieves the children of the node.
+    pub fn children(&self) -> Option<(Digest, Digest)> {
+        self.children
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/merkle/tree.rs b/offchain/core/src/merkle/tree.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..31ec82f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/merkle/tree.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+//! This module contains the [MerkleTree] struct and related types like the
+//! [MerkleProof].
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::merkle::{Digest, MerkleTreeNode};
+
+use super::UInt;
+
+/// A leaf of a [MerkleTree], it contains the offset of the leaf in the tree,
+/// and the hash of the data.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct MerkleTreeLeaf {
+    pub node: Digest,
+    pub accumulated_count: UInt,
+    pub log2_size: Option<u32>,
+}
+
+/// A [MerkleProof] is used to verify that a leaf is part of a [MerkleTree].
+pub type MerkleProof = Vec<Digest>;
+
+struct ProofAccumulator {
+    pub leaf: Digest,
+    pub proof: MerkleProof,
+}
+
+impl Default for ProofAccumulator {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        ProofAccumulator {
+            leaf: Digest::zeroed(),
+            proof: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A [MerkleTree] is a binary tree where the leafs are the data and the nodes
+/// are the hashes of the children. The root of the tree is the hash of the
+/// entire tree. The tree is balanced, so the height of the tree is log2(n)
+/// where n is the number of leafs.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct MerkleTree {
+    log2_size: u32,
+    root: Digest,
+    leafs: Vec<MerkleTreeLeaf>,
+    nodes: HashMap<Digest, MerkleTreeNode>,
+}
+
+impl MerkleTree {
+    pub fn new(
+        log2_size: u32,
+        root: Digest,
+        leafs: Vec<MerkleTreeLeaf>,
+        nodes: HashMap<Digest, MerkleTreeNode>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        MerkleTree {
+            log2_size,
+            root,
+            leafs,
+            nodes,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn root_hash(&self) -> Digest {
+        self.root
+    }
+
+    pub fn root_children(&self) -> (Digest, Digest) {
+        self.node_children(self.root)
+            .expect("root does not have children")
+    }
+
+    pub fn node_children(&self, digest: Digest) -> Option<(Digest, Digest)> {
+        match self.nodes.get(&digest) {
+            Some(node) => node.children(),
+            None => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn nodes(&self) -> HashMap<Digest, MerkleTreeNode> {
+        self.nodes.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn log2_size(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.log2_size.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn prove_leaf(&self, index: u64) -> (Digest, MerkleProof) {
+        let height = self.calculate_height();
+
+        assert!(index.wrapping_shr(height) == 0);
+
+        let mut proof_acc = ProofAccumulator::default();
+
+        self.proof(
+            &mut proof_acc,
+            self.nodes.get(&self.root).expect("root does not exist"),
+            height as u64,
+            index,
+        );
+
+        (proof_acc.leaf, proof_acc.proof)
+    }
+
+    fn calculate_height(&self) -> u32 {
+        let mut height = self.log2_size;
+
+        if let Some(leaf) = self.leafs.get(0) {
+            if let Some(log2_size) = leaf.log2_size {
+                height = log2_size + self.log2_size;
+            }
+        }
+
+        height
+    }
+
+    fn proof(
+        &self,
+        proof_acc: &mut ProofAccumulator,
+        root: &MerkleTreeNode,
+        height: u64,
+        include_index: u64,
+    ) {
+        if height == 0 {
+            proof_acc.leaf = root.digest;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let new_height = height - 1;
+        let (left, right) = root.children().expect("root does not have children");
+        let left = self.nodes.get(&left).expect("left child does not exist");
+        let right = self.nodes.get(&right).expect("right child does not exist");
+
+        if (include_index.wrapping_shr(new_height as u32)) & 1 == 0 {
+            self.proof(proof_acc, left, new_height, include_index);
+            proof_acc.proof.push(left.digest);
+        } else {
+            self.proof(proof_acc, right, new_height, include_index);
+            proof_acc.proof.push(right.digest);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn last(&self) -> (Digest, MerkleProof) {
+        let mut proof = Vec::new();
+        let mut children = Some(self.root_children());
+        let mut old_right = self.root;
+
+        while let Some((left, right)) = children {
+            proof.push(left);
+            old_right = right;
+            children = self.node_children(right);
+        }
+
+        proof.reverse();
+
+        (old_right, proof)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::merkle::Digest;
+
+    #[test]
+    pub fn test_tree() {
+        let mut builder = crate::merkle::MerkleBuilder::default();
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2);
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2u128.pow(64) - 2);
+        let tree = builder.build();
+
+        let proof = tree.prove_leaf(0);
+        assert_eq!(proof.0, Digest::zeroed());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    pub fn proof_test() {
+        let mut builder = crate::merkle::MerkleBuilder::default();
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 8);
+        let tree = builder.build();
+
+        let (leaf, proof) = tree.prove_leaf(0);
+
+        let mut root = leaf;
+
+        for node in proof {
+            root = Digest::join(&node, &root);
+        }
+
+        assert_eq!(root, tree.root_hash());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    pub fn last_proof_test() {
+        let mut builder = crate::merkle::MerkleBuilder::default();
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2);
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2u128.pow(64) - 2);
+        let tree = builder.build();
+
+        let (leaf, proof) = tree.last();
+
+        let mut root = leaf;
+
+        for node in proof {
+            root = Digest::join(&node, &root);
+        }
+
+        assert_eq!(root, tree.root_hash());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/merkle/tree_builder.rs b/offchain/core/src/merkle/tree_builder.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60973e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/merkle/tree_builder.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+//! Module for building merkle trees from leafs.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::merkle::{Digest, MerkleTree, MerkleTreeLeaf, MerkleTreeNode};
+
+pub type UInt = u128;
+
+/// A [MerkleBuilder] is used to build a [MerkleTree] from its leafs.
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct MerkleBuilder {
+    leafs: Vec<MerkleTreeLeaf>,
+    trees: Vec<MerkleTree>,
+    nodes: HashMap<Digest, MerkleTreeNode>,
+    interned: HashMap<Digest, Vec<Digest>>,
+}
+
+impl MerkleBuilder {
+    /// Adds a new leaf to the merkle tree. The leaf is represented by a MerkleTree
+    pub fn add_tree(&mut self, tree: MerkleTree) {
+        self.add_tree_with_repetition(tree, 1);
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a new leaf to the merkle tree. The leaf is represented by a MerkleTree and its repetition.
+    pub fn add_tree_with_repetition(&mut self, tree: MerkleTree, rep: UInt) {
+        assert!(rep != 0, "repetition is zero");
+
+        let root_hash = tree.root_hash();
+        self.add_new_node(root_hash);
+
+        let count = self.calculate_accumulated_count(rep);
+
+        self.leafs.push(MerkleTreeLeaf {
+            node: root_hash,
+            accumulated_count: count,
+            log2_size: Some(tree.log2_size()),
+        });
+        self.trees.push(tree);
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a new leaf to the merkle tree. The leaf is represented by its digest.
+    pub fn add(&mut self, digest: Digest) {
+        self.add_with_repetition(digest, 1);
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a new leaf to the merkle tree. The leaf is represented by its
+    /// digest and its repetition.
+    pub fn add_with_repetition(&mut self, digest: Digest, rep: UInt) {
+        assert!(rep != 0, "repetition is zero");
+
+        self.add_new_node(digest);
+
+        let count = self.calculate_accumulated_count(rep);
+
+        self.leafs.push(MerkleTreeLeaf {
+            node: digest,
+            accumulated_count: count,
+            log2_size: None,
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn calculate_accumulated_count(&mut self, rep: UInt) -> UInt {
+        if let Some(last) = self.leafs.last() {
+            assert!(last.accumulated_count != 0, "merkle builder is full");
+            let accumulated_count = rep.wrapping_add(last.accumulated_count);
+            if rep >= accumulated_count {
+                assert_eq!(accumulated_count, 0);
+            }
+            accumulated_count
+        } else {
+            rep
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn add_new_node(&mut self, digest: Digest) {
+        if !self.nodes.contains_key(&digest) {
+            let node = MerkleTreeNode::from_digest(digest);
+            self.nodes.insert(node.digest, node.clone());
+            self.interned.insert(node.digest, vec![node.digest]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Builds the merkle tree from the leafs.
+    pub fn build(&mut self) -> MerkleTree {
+        let last = self.leafs.last().expect("no leafs in merkle builder");
+        let count = last.accumulated_count;
+
+        assert!(count.is_power_of_two(), "is not a power of two {}", count);
+        let log2_size = count.trailing_zeros();
+
+        let leafs_clone = self.leafs.clone();
+        let root = self.build_merkle(leafs_clone.as_slice(), log2_size, 0);
+
+        for tree in self.trees.clone() {
+            self.nodes.extend(tree.nodes());
+        }
+        MerkleTree::new(log2_size, root.0, self.leafs.clone(), self.nodes.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn build_merkle(
+        &mut self,
+        leafs: &[MerkleTreeLeaf],
+        log2_size: u32,
+        stride: UInt,
+    ) -> (Digest, UInt, UInt) {
+        let first_time = stride * (UInt::from(1u8).wrapping_shl(log2_size)) + 1;
+        let last_time = (stride + 1) * (UInt::from(1u8).wrapping_shl(log2_size));
+
+        let first_cell = find_cell_containing(leafs, first_time);
+        let last_cell = find_cell_containing(leafs, last_time);
+
+        if first_cell == last_cell {
+            let node = leafs[first_cell as usize].node;
+            let iterated = self.iterated_merkle(node, log2_size);
+            return (iterated, first_time, last_time);
+        }
+
+        let left = self.build_merkle(
+            &leafs[first_cell as usize..(last_cell + 1) as usize],
+            log2_size - 1,
+            stride << 1,
+        );
+        let right = self.build_merkle(
+            &leafs[first_cell as usize..(last_cell + 1) as usize],
+            log2_size - 1,
+            (stride << 1) + 1,
+        );
+
+        let result = self.join_nodes(left.0, right.0);
+        (result, first_time, last_time)
+    }
+
+    /// Builds the iterated merkle tree from the given node and level.
+    pub fn iterated_merkle(&mut self, node: Digest, level: u32) -> Digest {
+        let iterated = self.interned.get(&node).expect("interned not found");
+        if let Some(node) = iterated.get(level as usize) {
+            return *node;
+        }
+        self.build_iterated_merkle(node, level)
+    }
+
+    fn build_iterated_merkle(&mut self, node: Digest, level: u32) -> Digest {
+        let iterated = self.interned.get(&node).expect("interned not found");
+        let mut i = iterated.len() - 1;
+        let mut highest_level = *iterated.get(i).expect("iterated not found");
+
+        while i < level as usize {
+            highest_level = self.join_nodes(highest_level, highest_level);
+            i += 1;
+            self.interned.get_mut(&node).unwrap().push(highest_level);
+        }
+
+        highest_level
+    }
+
+    fn join_nodes(&mut self, left: Digest, right: Digest) -> Digest {
+        let digest = left.join(&right);
+
+        if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get_mut(&digest) {
+            node.set_children(left, right);
+        } else {
+            let node = MerkleTreeNode::new(left, right);
+            self.nodes.insert(node.digest, node.clone());
+            self.interned.insert(node.digest, vec![node.digest]);
+        };
+
+        digest
+    }
+
+    pub fn nodes(&self) -> HashMap<Digest, MerkleTreeNode> {
+        self.nodes.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn interned(&self) -> HashMap<Digest, Vec<Digest>> {
+        self.interned.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+// Binary search to find the cell containing the element.
+fn find_cell_containing(leafs: &[MerkleTreeLeaf], elem: UInt) -> UInt {
+    let mut left = 0;
+    let mut right = leafs.len() as UInt - 1;
+
+    while left < right {
+        let needle = left + (right - left) / 2;
+        if leafs[needle as usize].accumulated_count.wrapping_sub(1) < elem.wrapping_sub(1) {
+            left = needle + 1;
+        } else {
+            right = needle;
+        }
+    }
+
+    left
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::MerkleBuilder;
+    use crate::merkle::Digest;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_merkle_builder_8() {
+        let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2);
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 6);
+        let merkle = builder.build();
+        assert_eq!(
+            merkle.root_hash(),
+            builder.iterated_merkle(Digest::zeroed(), 3)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_merkle_builder_64() {
+        let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2);
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2u128.pow(64) - 2);
+        let merkle = builder.build();
+        assert_eq!(
+            merkle.root_hash(),
+            builder.iterated_merkle(Digest::zeroed(), 64)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_merkle_builder_128() {
+        let mut builder = MerkleBuilder::default();
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 2);
+        builder.add_with_repetition(Digest::zeroed(), 0u128.wrapping_sub(2));
+        let merkle = builder.build();
+        assert_eq!(
+            merkle.root_hash(),
+            builder.iterated_merkle(Digest::zeroed(), 128)
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/strategy/gc.rs b/offchain/core/src/strategy/gc.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7091632d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/strategy/gc.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+use std::{collections::HashMap, error::Error};
+
+use ::log::info;
+use async_recursion::async_recursion;
+use ethers::types::Address;
+
+use crate::arena::{ArenaSender, MatchState, TournamentState};
+
+pub struct GarbageCollector<A: ArenaSender> {
+    arena_sender: A,
+    root_tournamet: Address,
+}
+
+impl<A: ArenaSender> GarbageCollector<A> {
+    pub fn new(arena_sender: A, root_tournamet: Address) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            arena_sender,
+            root_tournamet,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn react(
+        &mut self,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        self.react_tournament(self.root_tournamet, tournament_states)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn react_tournament(
+        &mut self,
+        tournament_address: Address,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        info!("Enter tournament at address: {}", tournament_address);
+        let tournament_state = tournament_states
+            .get(&tournament_address)
+            .expect("tournament state not found");
+
+        for m in tournament_state.matches.clone() {
+            self.react_match(&m, tournament_states.clone()).await?;
+
+            let status_1 = tournament_state
+                .commitment_states
+                .get(&m.id.commitment_one)
+                .expect("status of commitment 1 not found");
+            let status_2 = tournament_state
+                .commitment_states
+                .get(&m.id.commitment_two)
+                .expect("status of commitment 2 not found");
+            if (!status_1.clock.has_time()
+                && (status_1.clock.time_since_timeout() > status_2.clock.allowance))
+                || (!status_2.clock.has_time()
+                    && (status_2.clock.time_since_timeout() > status_1.clock.allowance))
+            {
+                info!(
+                    "eliminate match for commitment {} and {} at tournament {} of level {}",
+                    m.id.commitment_one,
+                    m.id.commitment_two,
+                    tournament_address,
+                    tournament_state.level
+                );
+
+                self.arena_sender
+                    .eliminate_match(tournament_address, m.id)
+                    .await
+                    .expect("fail to eliminate match");
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn react_match(
+        &mut self,
+        match_state: &MatchState,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        info!("Enter match at HEIGHT: {}", match_state.current_height);
+        if let Some(inner_tournament) = match_state.inner_tournament {
+            return self
+                .react_tournament(inner_tournament, tournament_states)
+                .await;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/strategy/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/strategy/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b209b462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/strategy/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//! This module defines the struct [Player] that is responsible for reacting to the states
+//! of tournaments; and the struct [GarbageCollector] that is responsible for collecting finished matches
+
+pub mod gc;
+pub mod player;
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/strategy/player.rs b/offchain/core/src/strategy/player.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fe4eaf0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/strategy/player.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+use std::{collections::HashMap, error::Error};
+
+use ::log::info;
+use async_recursion::async_recursion;
+use ethers::types::Address;
+
+use crate::{
+    arena::{ArenaSender, MatchState, TournamentState, TournamentWinner},
+    machine::{constants, CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder, MachineCommitment, MachineFactory},
+    merkle::MerkleProof,
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum PlayerTournamentResult {
+    TournamentWon,
+    TournamentLost,
+}
+
+pub struct Player<A: ArenaSender> {
+    arena_sender: A,
+    machine_factory: MachineFactory,
+    machine_path: String,
+    commitment_builder: CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder,
+    root_tournamet: Address,
+}
+
+impl<A: ArenaSender> Player<A> {
+    pub fn new(
+        arena_sender: A,
+        machine_factory: MachineFactory,
+        machine_path: String,
+        commitment_builder: CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder,
+        root_tournamet: Address,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            arena_sender,
+            machine_factory,
+            machine_path,
+            commitment_builder,
+            root_tournamet,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn react(
+        &mut self,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<PlayerTournamentResult>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        self.react_tournament(HashMap::new(), self.root_tournamet, tournament_states)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn react_tournament(
+        &mut self,
+        commitments: HashMap<Address, MachineCommitment>,
+        tournament_address: Address,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<Option<PlayerTournamentResult>, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        info!("Enter tournament at address: {}", tournament_address);
+        let tournament_state = tournament_states
+            .get(&tournament_address)
+            .expect("tournament state not found");
+        let mut new_commitments = commitments.clone();
+
+        let commitment = new_commitments
+            .entry(tournament_state.address)
+            .or_insert(
+                self.commitment_builder
+                    .build_commitment(tournament_state.base_big_cycle, tournament_state.level)
+                    .await?,
+            )
+            .clone();
+
+        if let Some(winner) = tournament_state.winner.clone() {
+            match winner {
+                TournamentWinner::Root(winner_commitment, winner_state) => {
+                    info!(
+                        "tournament finished, winner commitment: {}, state hash: {}",
+                        winner_commitment, winner_state,
+                    );
+                    if commitment.merkle.root_hash() == winner_commitment {
+                        return Ok(Some(PlayerTournamentResult::TournamentWon));
+                    } else {
+                        return Ok(Some(PlayerTournamentResult::TournamentLost));
+                    }
+                }
+                TournamentWinner::Inner(parent_commitment, _) => {
+                    let old_commitment = commitments
+                        .get(
+                            &tournament_state
+                                .parent
+                                .expect("parent tournament state not found"),
+                        )
+                        .expect("parent commitment not found");
+                    if parent_commitment != old_commitment.merkle.root_hash() {
+                        info!("player lost tournament {}", tournament_state.address);
+                        return Ok(Some(PlayerTournamentResult::TournamentLost));
+                    } else {
+                        info!(
+                            "win tournament {} of level {} for commitment {}",
+                            tournament_state.address,
+                            tournament_state.level,
+                            commitment.merkle.root_hash(),
+                        );
+                        let (left, right) = old_commitment.merkle.root_children();
+                        self.arena_sender
+                            .win_inner_match(
+                                tournament_state
+                                    .parent
+                                    .expect("parent tournament state not found"),
+                                tournament_state.address,
+                                left,
+                                right,
+                            )
+                            .await?;
+
+                        return Ok(None);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let commitment_state = tournament_state
+            .commitment_states
+            .get(&commitment.merkle.root_hash());
+        match commitment_state {
+            Some(c) => {
+                info!("{}", c.clock);
+                if let Some(m) = c.latest_match {
+                    self.react_match(
+                        &tournament_state
+                            .matches
+                            .get(m)
+                            .expect("match state not found")
+                            .clone(),
+                        &commitment,
+                        new_commitments,
+                        tournament_state.level,
+                        tournament_states,
+                    )
+                    .await?;
+                }
+            }
+            None => {
+                self.join_tournament_if_needed(tournament_state, &commitment)
+                    .await?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+
+    async fn join_tournament_if_needed(
+        &mut self,
+        tournament_state: &TournamentState,
+        commitment: &MachineCommitment,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let (left, right) = commitment.merkle.root_children();
+        let (last, proof) = commitment.merkle.last();
+
+        info!(
+            "join tournament {} of level {} with commitment {}",
+            tournament_state.address,
+            tournament_state.level,
+            commitment.merkle.root_hash(),
+        );
+        self.arena_sender
+            .join_tournament(tournament_state.address, last, proof, left, right)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn react_match(
+        &mut self,
+        match_state: &MatchState,
+        commitment: &MachineCommitment,
+        commitments: HashMap<Address, MachineCommitment>,
+        tournament_level: u64,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        info!("Enter match at HEIGHT: {}", match_state.current_height);
+        if match_state.current_height == 0 {
+            self.react_sealed_match(
+                match_state,
+                commitment,
+                commitments,
+                tournament_level,
+                tournament_states,
+            )
+            .await
+        } else if match_state.current_height == 1 {
+            self.react_unsealed_match(match_state, commitment, tournament_level)
+                .await
+        } else {
+            self.react_running_match(match_state, commitment, tournament_level)
+                .await
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn react_sealed_match(
+        &mut self,
+        match_state: &MatchState,
+        commitment: &MachineCommitment,
+        commitments: HashMap<Address, MachineCommitment>,
+        tournament_level: u64,
+        tournament_states: HashMap<Address, TournamentState>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        if tournament_level == 1 {
+            let (left, right) = commitment.merkle.root_children();
+
+            let finished = match_state.other_parent.is_zeroed();
+            if finished {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+
+            let cycle = match_state.running_leaf_position >> constants::LOG2_UARCH_SPAN;
+            let ucycle = match_state.running_leaf_position & constants::UARCH_SPAN;
+            let proof = self
+                .machine_factory
+                .create_machine(&self.machine_path)
+                .await?
+                .get_logs(cycle, ucycle)
+                .await?;
+
+            info!(
+                "win leaf match in tournament {} of level {} for commitment {}",
+                match_state.tournament_address,
+                tournament_level,
+                commitment.merkle.root_hash(),
+            );
+            self.arena_sender
+                .win_leaf_match(
+                    match_state.tournament_address,
+                    match_state.id,
+                    left,
+                    right,
+                    proof,
+                )
+                .await?;
+        } else {
+            self.react_tournament(
+                commitments,
+                match_state
+                    .inner_tournament
+                    .expect("inner tournament not found"),
+                tournament_states,
+            )
+            .await?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn react_unsealed_match(
+        &mut self,
+        match_state: &MatchState,
+        commitment: &MachineCommitment,
+        tournament_level: u64,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let (left, right) =
+            if let Some(children) = commitment.merkle.node_children(match_state.other_parent) {
+                children
+            } else {
+                return Ok(());
+            };
+
+        let (initial_hash, initial_hash_proof) = if match_state.running_leaf_position == 0 {
+            (commitment.implicit_hash, MerkleProof::default())
+        } else {
+            commitment
+                .merkle
+                .prove_leaf(match_state.running_leaf_position)
+        };
+
+        if tournament_level == 1 {
+            info!(
+                "seal leaf match in tournament {} of level {} for commitment {}",
+                match_state.tournament_address,
+                tournament_level,
+                commitment.merkle.root_hash(),
+            );
+            self.arena_sender
+                .seal_leaf_match(
+                    match_state.tournament_address,
+                    match_state.id,
+                    left,
+                    right,
+                    initial_hash,
+                    initial_hash_proof,
+                )
+                .await?;
+        } else {
+            info!(
+                "seal inner match in tournament {} of level {} for commitment {}",
+                match_state.tournament_address,
+                tournament_level,
+                commitment.merkle.root_hash(),
+            );
+            self.arena_sender
+                .seal_inner_match(
+                    match_state.tournament_address,
+                    match_state.id,
+                    left,
+                    right,
+                    initial_hash,
+                    initial_hash_proof,
+                )
+                .await?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn react_running_match(
+        &mut self,
+        match_state: &MatchState,
+        commitment: &MachineCommitment,
+        tournament_level: u64,
+    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+        let (left, right) =
+            if let Some(children) = commitment.merkle.node_children(match_state.other_parent) {
+                children
+            } else {
+                info!("not my turn to react");
+                return Ok(());
+            };
+        let (new_left, new_right) = if left != match_state.left_node {
+            commitment
+                .merkle
+                .node_children(left)
+                .expect("left node does not have children")
+        } else {
+            commitment
+                .merkle
+                .node_children(right)
+                .expect("right node does not have children")
+        };
+
+        info!(
+            "advance match with current height {} in tournament {} of level {} for commitment {}",
+            match_state.current_height,
+            match_state.tournament_address,
+            tournament_level,
+            commitment.merkle.root_hash(),
+        );
+        self.arena_sender
+            .advance_match(
+                match_state.tournament_address,
+                match_state.id,
+                left,
+                right,
+                new_left,
+                new_right,
+            )
+            .await?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/utils/arithmetic.rs b/offchain/core/src/utils/arithmetic.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1f267569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/utils/arithmetic.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pub const fn max_uint(k: u64) -> u64 {
+    assert!(k <= u64::BITS as u64);
+    (1u64.wrapping_shl(k as u32)).wrapping_sub(1)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/offchain/core/src/utils/mod.rs b/offchain/core/src/utils/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..965db629
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/core/src/utils/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod arithmetic;
diff --git a/offchain/dave-compute/Cargo.toml b/offchain/dave-compute/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14968ff9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/dave-compute/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+[package]
+name = "dave-compute"
+version = { workspace = true }
+
+authors = { workspace = true }
+description = { workspace = true }
+edition = { workspace = true }
+homepage = { workspace = true }
+license-file = { workspace = true }
+readme = { workspace = true }
+repository = { workspace = true }
+
+[dependencies]
+cartesi-compute-core = { path = "../core" }
+ethers = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
+env_logger = "0.10"
diff --git a/offchain/dave-compute/src/main.rs b/offchain/dave-compute/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..159f5147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/dave-compute/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+use cartesi_compute_core::arena::{Arena, ArenaConfig};
+use cartesi_compute_core::machine::{CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder, MachineFactory};
+use cartesi_compute_core::strategy::{gc::GarbageCollector, player::Player};
+use ethers::types::Address;
+use log::info;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    env_logger::init();
+    info!("Hello from Dave!");
+    let web3_rpc_url = String::from("http://127.0.0.1:8545");
+    let web3_chain_id = 31337;
+
+    let private_key =
+        String::from("0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80");
+
+    let arena_config = ArenaConfig {
+        web3_rpc_url,
+        web3_chain_id,
+        web3_private_key: private_key,
+    };
+
+    let arena = Arena::new(arena_config)?;
+
+    let machine_path = std::env::var("MACHINE_PATH").expect("MACHINE_PATH is not set");
+    // String::from("/root/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/program/simple-program");
+
+    let machine_rpc_host = "http://127.0.0.1";
+    let machine_rpc_port = 5002;
+
+    let machine_factory =
+        MachineFactory::new(String::from(machine_rpc_host), machine_rpc_port).await?;
+    let root_tournament = Address::from_str("0xcafac3dd18ac6c6e92c921884f9e4176737c052c")?;
+
+    let mut player = Player::new(
+        arena.clone(),
+        machine_factory.clone(),
+        machine_path.clone(),
+        CachingMachineCommitmentBuilder::new(machine_factory, machine_path),
+        root_tournament.clone(),
+    );
+
+    let mut gc = GarbageCollector::new(arena.clone(), root_tournament.clone());
+
+    loop {
+        let tournament_states = arena.fetch_from_root(root_tournament).await?;
+        let res = player.react(tournament_states).await?;
+        if let Some(r) = res {
+            info!("Tournament finished, {:?}", r);
+            break;
+        }
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+
+        let tournament_states = arena.fetch_from_root(root_tournament).await?;
+        gc.react(tournament_states).await?;
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/offchain/docker-compose.yml b/offchain/docker-compose.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9b3ffee6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/docker-compose.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+version: '3'
+
+services:
+
+  anvil:
+    container_name: cartesi-compute-anvil
+    image: ghcr.io/foundry-rs/foundry:nightly
+    ports:
+      - "8545:8545"
+    entrypoint: 'anvil --host 0.0.0.0 --no-cors'
+
+  machine:
+    container_name: cartesi-compute-machine
+    image: cartesi/machine-emulator:0.15.2
+    ports:
+      - "5002:5002"
+    volumes:
+      - ./simulator/data:/data
+    entrypoint: "/usr/bin/jsonrpc-remote-cartesi-machine --server-address=0.0.0.0:5002"
+
+  coordinator:
+    container_name: cartesi-compute-coordinator
+    build:
+      context: ./
+      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile
+    ports:
+      - "50500:50500"
+    links:
+      - anvil
+      - machine
+    volumes:
+      - ./:/source
+      - ./simulator/data:/data
+    entrypoint: "target/debug/cartesi-compute-coordinator"
+
+  simulator:
+    container_name: cartesi-compute-simulator
+    build:
+      context: ./
+      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile
+    volumes:
+      - ./:/source
+      - ./simulator/data:/data
+    links:
+      - machine
+      - coordinator
+      - anvil
+    entrypoint: "tail -F /dev/null"
+
+# Anvil setup
+#
+# Available Accounts
+# ==================
+# 
+# (0) "0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (1) "0x70997970C51812dc3A010C7d01b50e0d17dc79C8" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (2) "0x3C44CdDdB6a900fa2b585dd299e03d12FA4293BC" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (3) "0x90F79bf6EB2c4f870365E785982E1f101E93b906" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (4) "0x15d34AAf54267DB7D7c367839AAf71A00a2C6A65" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (5) "0x9965507D1a55bcC2695C58ba16FB37d819B0A4dc" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (6) "0x976EA74026E726554dB657fA54763abd0C3a0aa9" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (7) "0x14dC79964da2C08b23698B3D3cc7Ca32193d9955" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (8) "0x23618e81E3f5cdF7f54C3d65f7FBc0aBf5B21E8f" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# (9) "0xa0Ee7A142d267C1f36714E4a8F75612F20a79720" (10000.000000000000000000 ETH)
+# 
+# Private Keys
+# ==================
+# 
+# (0) 0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80
+# (1) 0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d
+# (2) 0x5de4111afa1a4b94908f83103eb1f1706367c2e68ca870fc3fb9a804cdab365a
+# (3) 0x7c852118294e51e653712a81e05800f419141751be58f605c371e15141b007a6
+# (4) 0x47e179ec197488593b187f80a00eb0da91f1b9d0b13f8733639f19c30a34926a
+# (5) 0x8b3a350cf5c34c9194ca85829a2df0ec3153be0318b5e2d3348e872092edffba
+# (6) 0x92db14e403b83dfe3df233f83dfa3a0d7096f21ca9b0d6d6b8d88b2b4ec1564e
+# (7) 0x4bbbf85ce3377467afe5d46f804f221813b2bb87f24d81f60f1fcdbf7cbf4356
+# (8) 0xdbda1821b80551c9d65939329250298aa3472ba22feea921c0cf5d620ea67b97
+# (9) 0x2a871d0798f97d79848a013d4936a73bf4cc922c825d33c1cf7073dff6d409c6
+# Wallet
+# ==================
+# Mnemonic:          test test test test test test test test test test test junk
+# Derivation path:   m/44'/60'/0'/0/
+# 
+# 
+# Chain ID
+# ==================
+# 
+# 31337
+# 
+# Base Fee
+# ==================
+# 
+# 1000000000
+# 
+# Gas Limit
+# ==================
+# 
+# 30000000
+# 
+# Genesis Timestamp
+# ==================
+# 
+# 1697715483
+
+
diff --git a/offchain/input-reader/Cargo.toml b/offchain/input-reader/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fba2270f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/input-reader/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+[package]
+name = "rollups-input-reader"
+version = { workspace = true }
+
+authors = { workspace = true }
+description = { workspace = true }
+edition = { workspace = true }
+homepage = { workspace = true }
+license-file = { workspace = true }
+readme = { workspace = true }
+repository = { workspace = true }
+
+[dependencies]
+async-recursion = { workspace = true }
+ethers = { workspace = true }
+futures = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/offchain/input-reader/src/lib.rs b/offchain/input-reader/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b47a0ff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/offchain/input-reader/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+// (c) Cartesi and individual authors (see AUTHORS)
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 (see LICENSE)
+
+use async_recursion::async_recursion;
+use tokio::sync::Semaphore;
+
+use ethers::prelude::{Http, ProviderError};
+use ethers::providers::{Middleware, Provider};
+use ethers::types::{Address, BlockNumber, Filter, Log, U64};
+
+struct PartitionProvider {
+    provider: Provider<Http>,
+    semaphore: Semaphore,
+    input_box: Address,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct ProviderErr(Vec<String>);
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for ProviderErr {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "Partition error: {:?}", self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for ProviderErr {}
+
+pub struct InputReader {
+    last_finalized: U64,
+    provider: PartitionProvider,
+}
+
+impl InputReader {
+    pub fn new(
+        last_finalized_opt: Option<U64>,
+        input_box: Address,
+        provider_url: &str,
+        concurrency_opt: Option<usize>,
+    ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            last_finalized: last_finalized_opt.unwrap_or_default(),
+            provider: PartitionProvider {
+                input_box,
+                provider: Provider::<Http>::try_from(provider_url)?,
+                semaphore: Semaphore::new(concurrency_opt.unwrap_or_default()),
+            },
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub async fn next(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<Log>, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+        let block_opt = self
+            .provider
+            .provider
+            .get_block(BlockNumber::Finalized)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| ProviderErr(vec![e.to_string()]))?;
+
+        if let Some(block) = block_opt {
+            if let Some(current_finalized) = block.number {
+                println!("Last finalized block at number: {:?}", self.last_finalized);
+                println!("Current finalized block at number: {:?}", current_finalized);
+
+                if current_finalized > self.last_finalized {
+                    let logs = self
+                        .provider
+                        .get_events(self.last_finalized.as_u64(), current_finalized.as_u64())
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|err_arr| {
+                            ProviderErr(err_arr.into_iter().map(|e| e.to_string()).collect())
+                        })?;
+
+                    // update last finalized block
+                    self.last_finalized = current_finalized;
+                    return Ok(logs);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(vec![])
+    }
+}
+
+// Below is a simplified version originated from https://github.com/cartesi/state-fold
+// ParitionProvider will attempt to fetch events in smaller partition if the original request is too large
+impl PartitionProvider {
+    async fn get_events(
+        &self,
+        start_block: u64,
+        end_block: u64,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Log>, Vec<ProviderError>> {
+        self.get_events_rec(start_block, end_block).await
+    }
+
+    #[async_recursion]
+    async fn get_events_rec(
+        &self,
+        start_block: u64,
+        end_block: u64,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Log>, Vec<ProviderError>> {
+        // TODO: partition log queries if range too large
+        let filter = Filter::new()
+            .from_block(start_block)
+            .to_block(end_block)
+            .address(self.input_box);
+
+        let res = {
+            // Make number of concurrent fetches bounded.
+            let _permit = self.semaphore.acquire().await;
+            self.provider.get_logs(&filter).await
+        };
+
+        match res {
+            Ok(l) => Ok(l),
+            Err(e) => {
+                if Self::should_retry_with_partition(&e) {
+                    let middle = {
+                        let blocks = 1 + end_block - start_block;
+                        let half = blocks / 2;
+                        start_block + half - 1
+                    };
+
+                    let first_fut = self.get_events_rec(start_block, middle);
+                    let second_fut = self.get_events_rec(middle + 1, end_block);
+
+                    let (first_res, second_res) = futures::join!(first_fut, second_fut);
+
+                    match (first_res, second_res) {
+                        (Ok(mut first), Ok(second)) => {
+                            first.extend(second);
+                            Ok(first)
+                        }
+
+                        (Err(mut first), Err(second)) => {
+                            first.extend(second);
+                            Err(first)
+                        }
+
+                        (Err(err), _) | (_, Err(err)) => Err(err),
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    Err(vec![e])
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn should_retry_with_partition(err: &ProviderError) -> bool {
+        // infura limit error code: -32005
+        let query_limit_error_codes = [-32005];
+        for code in query_limit_error_codes {
+            let s = format!("{:?}", err);
+            if s.contains(&code.to_string()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        false
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+
+async fn test_input_reader() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    use std::str::FromStr;
+
+    let genesis: U64 = U64::from(17784733);
+    let input_box = Address::from_str("0x59b22D57D4f067708AB0c00552767405926dc768")?;
+    let infura_key = std::env::var("INFURA_KEY").expect("INFURA_KEY is not set");
+
+    let mut reader = InputReader::new(
+        Some(genesis),
+        input_box,
+        format!("https://mainnet.infura.io/v3/{}", infura_key).as_ref(),
+        Some(5),
+    )?;
+
+    let res: Vec<Log> = reader.next().await?;
+
+    // input box from mainnet shouldn't be empty
+    assert!(!res.is_empty(), "input box shouldn't be empty");
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/contracts/deploy_anvil.sh b/permissionless-arbitration/contracts/deploy_anvil.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..0252a3e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/contracts/deploy_anvil.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+RPC_URL="http://127.0.0.1:8545"
+PK="0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80"
+CONCRETE_FACTORIES=("SingleLevelTournamentFactory" \
+                    "TopTournamentFactory" \
+                    "MiddleTournamentFactory" \
+                    "BottomTournamentFactory")
+
+deployed_factories=()
+for factory in ${CONCRETE_FACTORIES[@]}; do
+    deployed_at=`forge create $factory --rpc-url=$RPC_URL --private-key=$PK | \
+                grep "Deployed to: " | \
+                tr -d '\n' | \
+                tail -c 42`
+    deployed_factories+=($deployed_at)
+done
+
+deployed_at=`forge create TournamentFactory --rpc-url=$RPC_URL --private-key=$PK --constructor-args \
+    ${deployed_factories[0]} \
+    ${deployed_factories[1]} \
+    ${deployed_factories[2]} \
+    ${deployed_factories[3]} | \
+    grep "Deployed to: " | \
+    tr -d '\n' | \
+    tail -c 42`
+
+cd ../lua_node/program/
+initial_hash=`xxd -p -c32 $MACHINE_PATH/hash`
+cd -
+
+cast send --private-key=$PK --rpc-url=$RPC_URL $deployed_at "instantiateTop(bytes32)" 0x$initial_hash
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/Dockerfile b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/Dockerfile
index 1960c302..09149169 100644
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/Dockerfile
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/Dockerfile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 FROM cartesi/machine-emulator:0.15.2
 
 USER 0
-RUN apt-get -y update; apt-get -y install curl git; apt-get install -y procps
+RUN apt-get -y update; apt-get -y install curl git; apt-get install -y procps xxd
 RUN curl -sSL https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/releases/download/nightly/foundry_nightly_linux_$(dpkg --print-architecture).tar.gz | \
     tar -zx -C /usr/local/bin
 
@@ -16,11 +16,14 @@ ADD ./permissionless-arbitration/contracts/src/ ./src/
 RUN forge --version
 RUN forge build
 
+ADD ./permissionless-arbitration/contracts/deploy_anvil.sh .
+
 WORKDIR "/app/lua_node"
 
 COPY ./permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/ .
-RUN chmod +x entrypoint.lua
+RUN chmod +x multiplayers_entrypoint.lua
+WORKDIR "/app/lua_node/program"
+RUN ./gen_machine_simple.sh
 
 WORKDIR "/app"
-ENTRYPOINT ["./lua_node/entrypoint.lua"]
-# CMD ls contracts/lib/forge-std
+ENTRYPOINT ["./lua_node/multiplayers_entrypoint.lua"]
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/README.md b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/README.md
index e28c96ac..ab7512b6 100644
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/README.md
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/README.md
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
 ## Run example
 
 ```
-docker build -t nxn_playground:latest -f Dockerfile ../../ && docker run --rm nxn_playground:latest
+docker build -t nxn_playground:latest -f Dockerfile ../../ && docker run --rm --env MACHINE_PATH="/app/lua_node/program/simple-program" nxn_playground:latest
 ```
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/constants.lua b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/constants.lua
index 3949135c..62561fbb 100644
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/constants.lua
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/constants.lua
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 -- contains default 40 accounts of anvil test node
 local constants = {
     endpoint = "http://127.0.0.1:8545",
+    root_tournament = "0xcafac3dd18ac6c6e92c921884f9e4176737c052c",
     addresses = {
         "0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266",
         "0x70997970C51812dc3A010C7d01b50e0d17dc79C8",
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/reader.lua b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/reader.lua
index 9bfd98bf..a25ff7e3 100644
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/reader.lua
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/blockchain/reader.lua
@@ -337,11 +337,4 @@ function Reader:root_tournament_winner(address)
     return ret
 end
 
-function Reader:maximum_delay(address)
-    local sig = "maximumEnforceableDelay()(uint64)"
-    local ret = self:_call(address, sig, {})
-
-    return ret
-end
-
 return Reader
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/entrypoint.lua b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/multiplayers_entrypoint.lua
similarity index 86%
rename from permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/entrypoint.lua
rename to permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/multiplayers_entrypoint.lua
index 6ee46a7e..97cfd0d8 100755
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/entrypoint.lua
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/multiplayers_entrypoint.lua
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package.path = package.path .. ";/opt/cartesi/lib/lua/5.4/?.lua"
 package.path = package.path .. ";./lua_node/?.lua"
 package.cpath = package.cpath .. ";/opt/cartesi/lib/lua/5.4/?.so"
 
-local machine_path = "lua_node/program/simple-program"
+local machine_path = (os.getenv ("MACHINE_PATH"))
 -- amount of time to fastforward if `IDLE_LIMIT` is reached
 local FF_TIME = 30
 -- max consecutive iterations of all players idling before the blockchain fastforwards
@@ -22,25 +22,25 @@ local blockchain_constants = require "blockchain.constants"
 local Blockchain = require "blockchain.node"
 local Machine = require "computation.machine"
 
-print "Hello, world!"
-os.execute "cd lua_node/program && ./gen_machine_simple.sh"
+print "Hello from Dave lua prototype!"
 
 local m = Machine:new_from_path(machine_path)
 local initial_hash = m:state().root_hash
 local blockchain = Blockchain:new()
 time.sleep(NODE_DELAY)
-local contract = blockchain:deploy_contract(initial_hash)
+local contract = blockchain_constants.root_tournament, blockchain:default_account()
 
 -- add more player instances here
 local cmds = {
-    string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/honest_player.lua %d %s %s | tee honest.log"]], 1, contract,
+    [[sh -c "cd contracts && ./deploy_anvil.sh"]],
+    string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/honest_player.lua %d %s %s | tee honest.log"]], 2, contract,
         machine_path),
-    string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee dishonest.log"]], 2,
+    string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee dishonest.log"]], 3,
         contract, machine_path, initial_hash),
     -- enable below for two extra idle players
-    -- string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/idle_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee idle_1.log"]], 3,
+    -- string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/idle_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee idle_1.log"]], 4,
     --     contract, machine_path, initial_hash),
-    -- string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/idle_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee idle_2.log"]], 4,
+    -- string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/idle_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee idle_2.log"]], 5,
     --     contract, machine_path, initial_hash)
 }
 local pid_reader = {}
@@ -49,8 +49,10 @@ local pid_player = {}
 for i, cmd in ipairs(cmds) do
     local reader = io.popen(cmd)
     local pid = assert(reader):read()
-    pid_reader[pid] = reader
-    pid_player[pid] = i
+    if i > 1 then
+        pid_reader[pid] = reader
+        pid_player[pid] = i
+    end
     time.sleep(PLAYER_DELAY)
 end
 
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua
index cebf8c1d..721b1f87 100755
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua
@@ -36,5 +36,4 @@ while true do
     else
         helper.rm_player_idle(player_index)
     end
-    time.sleep(1)
 end
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/state.lua b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/state.lua
index 7f009538..7c98ff88 100644
--- a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/state.lua
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/player/state.lua
@@ -61,10 +61,6 @@ function State:_fetch_match(match)
 
             match.finished =
                 self.reader:match(match.tournament.address, match.match_id_hash)[1]:is_zero()
-
-            if match.finished then
-                match.delay = tonumber(self.reader:maximum_delay(match.tournament.address)[1])
-            end
         else
             local address = self.reader:read_tournament_created(
                 match.tournament.address,
diff --git a/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/single_dishonest_entrypoint.lua b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/single_dishonest_entrypoint.lua
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cbacb757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/permissionless-arbitration/lua_node/single_dishonest_entrypoint.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/usr/bin/lua
+package.path = package.path .. ";/opt/cartesi/lib/lua/5.4/?.lua"
+package.path = package.path .. ";./lua_node/?.lua"
+package.cpath = package.cpath .. ";/opt/cartesi/lib/lua/5.4/?.so"
+
+local machine_path = (os.getenv ("MACHINE_PATH"))
+-- amount of time to fastforward if `IDLE_LIMIT` is reached
+local FF_TIME = 30
+-- max consecutive iterations of all players idling before the blockchain fastforwards
+local IDLE_LIMIT = 5
+-- max consecutive iterations of no active players before the program exits
+local INACTIVE_LIMIT = 10
+-- delay time for blockchain node to be ready
+local NODE_DELAY = 2
+-- delay between each player
+local PLAYER_DELAY = 3
+
+local helper = require "utils.helper"
+local blockchain_utils = require "blockchain.utils"
+local time = require "utils.time"
+local blockchain_constants = require "blockchain.constants"
+local Blockchain = require "blockchain.node"
+local Machine = require "computation.machine"
+
+print "Hello from Dave lua prototype!"
+
+local m = Machine:new_from_path(machine_path)
+local initial_hash = m:state().root_hash
+local blockchain = Blockchain:new()
+time.sleep(NODE_DELAY)
+local contract = blockchain_constants.root_tournament, blockchain:default_account()
+
+-- add more player instances here
+local cmds = {
+    [[sh -c "cd contracts && ./deploy_anvil.sh"]],
+    string.format([[sh -c "echo $$ ; exec ./lua_node/player/dishonest_player.lua %d %s %s %s | tee dishonest.log"]], 2,
+        contract, machine_path, initial_hash),
+}
+local pid_reader = {}
+local pid_player = {}
+
+for i, cmd in ipairs(cmds) do
+    local reader = io.popen(cmd)
+    local pid = assert(reader):read()
+    if i > 1 then
+        pid_reader[pid] = reader
+        pid_player[pid] = i
+    end
+    time.sleep(PLAYER_DELAY)
+end
+
+-- gracefully end children processes
+setmetatable(pid_reader, {
+    __gc = function(t)
+        helper.stop_players(t)
+    end
+})
+
+local no_active_players = 0
+local last_ts = [[01/01/2000 00:00:00]]
+while true do
+    local players = 0
+
+    for pid, reader in pairs(pid_reader) do
+        local msg_out
+        players = players + 1
+        last_ts, msg_out = helper.log_to_ts(reader, last_ts)
+
+        -- close the reader and delete the reader entry when there's no more msg in the buffer
+        -- and the process has already ended
+        if msg_out == 0 and helper.is_zombie(pid) then
+            helper.log(pid_player[pid], string.format("player process %s is dead", pid))
+            reader:close()
+            pid_reader[pid] = nil
+            pid_player[pid] = nil
+        end
+    end
+
+    if players == 0 then
+        no_active_players = no_active_players + 1
+    else
+        no_active_players = 0
+    end
+
+    if no_active_players == INACTIVE_LIMIT then
+        print("no active players, end program...")
+        break
+    end
+end
+
+print "Good-bye, world!"