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scanner.go
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scanner.go
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// Copyright (c) 2014 Dataence, LLC. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package sequence
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"strconv"
)
// Scanner is a sequential lexical analyzer that breaks a log message into a
// sequence of tokens. It is sequential because it goes through log message
// sequentially tokentizing each part of the message, without the use of regular
// expressions. The scanner currently recognizes time stamps, IPv4 addresses, URLs,
// MAC addresses, integers and floating point numbers.
//
// For example, the following message
//
// Jan 12 06:49:42 irc sshd[7034]: Failed password for root from 218.161.81.238 port 4228 ssh2
//
// Returns the following Sequence:
//
// Sequence{
// Token{TokenTime, TagUnknown, "Jan 12 06:49:42"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "irc"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "sshd"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "["},
// Token{TokenInteger, TagUnknown, "7034"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "]"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, ":"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "Failed"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "password"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "for"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "root"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "from"},
// Token{TokenIPv4, TagUnknown, "218.161.81.238"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "port"},
// Token{TokenInteger, TagUnknown, "4228"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "ssh2"},
// },
//
// The following message
//
// id=firewall time="2005-03-18 14:01:43" fw=TOPSEC priv=4 recorder=kernel type=conn policy=504 proto=TCP rule=deny src=210.82.121.91 sport=4958 dst=61.229.37.85 dport=23124 smac=00:0b:5f:b2:1d:80 dmac=00:04:c1:8b:d8:82
//
// Will return
// Sequence{
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "id"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "firewall"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "time"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "\""},
// Token{TokenTime, TagUnknown, "2005-03-18 14:01:43"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "\""},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "fw"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "TOPSEC"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "priv"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenInteger, TagUnknown, "4"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "recorder"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "kernel"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "type"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "conn"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "policy"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenInteger, TagUnknown, "504"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "proto"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "TCP"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "rule"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "deny"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "src"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenIPv4, TagUnknown, "210.82.121.91"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "sport"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenInteger, TagUnknown, "4958"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "dst"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenIPv4, TagUnknown, "61.229.37.85"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "dport"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenInteger, TagUnknown, "23124"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "smac"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenMac, TagUnknown, "00:0b:5f:b2:1d:80"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "dmac"},
// Token{TokenLiteral, TagUnknown, "="},
// Token{TokenMac, TagUnknown, "00:04:c1:8b:d8:82"},
// }
type Scanner struct {
seq Sequence
msg *Message
}
func NewScanner() *Scanner {
return &Scanner{
seq: make(Sequence, 0, 20),
msg: &Message{},
}
}
// Scan returns a Sequence, or a list of tokens, for the data string supplied.
// Scan is not concurrent-safe, and the returned Sequence is only valid until
// the next time any Scan*() method is called. The best practice would be to
// create one Scanner for each goroutine.
func (this *Scanner) Scan(s string, isParse bool, pos []int) (Sequence, bool, error) {
this.msg.Data = s
this.msg.reset()
this.seq = this.seq[:0]
var (
err error
tok Token
isJson = false
)
spaceBefore := false
for tok, err = this.msg.Tokenize(isParse, pos); err == nil; tok, err = this.msg.Tokenize(isParse, pos) {
//ignore space tokens but mark the token before as needing a space
if config.markSpaces {
if tok.Value == " " {
spaceBefore = true
continue
} else {
tok.IsSpaceBefore = spaceBefore
spaceBefore = false
this.insertToken(tok)
}
} else {
this.insertToken(tok)
}
// special case for %r, or request, token in apache logs, which is comprised
// of method, url, and protocol like "GET http://blah HTTP/1.0"
//TODO: find the equivalent code in the parser
if len(tok.Value) == 1 && tok.Value == "\"" && this.msg.state.inquote && this.msg.state.start != len(s) && s[this.msg.state.start] != ' ' {
l := matchRequestMethods(s[this.msg.state.start:])
if l > 0 {
this.insertToken(Token{
Tag: TagUnknown,
Type: TokenLiteral,
Value: s[this.msg.state.start : this.msg.state.start+l],
})
this.msg.state.inquote = false
this.msg.state.nxquote = false
this.msg.state.start += l
}
}
}
if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return nil, isJson, err
}
return this.seq, isJson, nil
}
const (
jsonStart = iota
jsonObjectStart
jsonObjectKey
jsonObjectColon
jsonObjectValue
jsonObjectEnd
jsonArrayStart
jsonArrayValue
jsonArraySeparator
jsonArrayEnd
)
// ScanJson returns a Sequence, or a list of tokens, for the json string supplied.
// Scan is not concurrent-safe, and the returned Sequence is only valid until the
// next time any Scan*() method is called. The best practice would be to create
// one Scanner for each goroutine.
//
// ScanJson flattens a json string into key=value pairs, and it performs the
// following transformation:
// - all {, }, [, ], ", characters are removed
// - colon between key and value are changed to "="
// - nested objects have their keys concatenated with ".", so a json string like
// "userIdentity": {"type": "IAMUser"}
// will be returned as
// userIdentity.type=IAMUser
// - arrays are flattened by appending an index number to the end of the key,
// starting with 0, so a json string like
// {"value":[{"open":"2014-08-16T13:00:00.000+0000"}]}
// will be returned as
// value.0.open = 2014-08-16T13:00:00.000+0000
// - skips any key that has an empty value, so json strings like
// "reference":"" or "filterSet": {}
// will not show up in the Sequence
func (this *Scanner) ScanJson(s string) (Sequence, bool, error) {
this.msg.Data = s
this.msg.reset()
this.seq = this.seq[:0]
var (
err error
tok Token
pos []int
keys = make([]string, 0, 20) // collection keys
arrs = make([]int64, 0, 20) // array index
state = jsonStart // state
kquote, vquote bool // quoted key, quoted value
//determines if the returned sequence is preserved json
isJson = false
)
for tok, err = this.msg.Tokenize(false, pos); err == nil; tok, err = this.msg.Tokenize(false, pos) {
// glog.Debugf("1. tok=%s, state=%d, kquote=%t, vquote=%t, depth=%d", tok, state, kquote, vquote, len(keys))
// glog.Debugln(keys)
// glog.Debugln(arrs)
//ignore space tokens completely for now, unsure if needed to be marked for json
if config.markSpaces && tok.Value == " " {
continue
}
switch state {
case jsonStart:
switch tok.Value {
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting \"{\", got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonObjectStart:
switch tok.Value {
case "{":
// Only reason this could happen is if we encountered an array of
// objects like [{"a":1}, {"b":2}]
arrs[len(arrs)-1]++
keys[len(keys)-1] = keys[len(keys)-2] + "." + strconv.FormatInt(arrs[len(arrs)-1], 10)
keys = append(keys, "")
case "\"":
// start quote, ignore, move on
//state = jsonObjectStart
if kquote = !kquote; !kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting start quote for key, got end quote.")
}
case "}":
// got something like {}, ignore this key
if len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Too many } characters.")
}
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
state = jsonObjectEnd
default:
if tok.Type == TokenLiteral {
//glog.Debugf("depth=%d, keys=%v", len(keys), keys)
switch len(keys) {
case 0:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting inside object, not so.")
case 1:
keys[0] = tok.Value
default:
keys[len(keys)-1] = keys[len(keys)-2] + "." + tok.Value
}
tok.Value = keys[len(keys)-1]
tok.isKey = true
tok.Type = TokenLiteral
this.insertToken(tok)
state = jsonObjectKey
} else {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting string key, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
}
case jsonObjectKey:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// end quote, ignore, move on
//state = jsonObjectKey
if kquote = !kquote; kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for key, got start quote.")
}
case ":":
if kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for key, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
tok.Value = "="
this.insertToken(tok)
state = jsonObjectColon
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting colon or quote, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonObjectColon:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
if vquote {
// if vquote is already true, that means we encountered something like ""
vquote = false
// let's remove the key and "="
if len(this.seq) >= 2 {
this.seq = this.seq[:len(this.seq)-2]
}
state = jsonObjectValue
} else {
// start quote, ignore, move on
vquote = true
}
case "[":
// Start of an array
state = jsonArrayStart
arrs = append(arrs, 0)
keys = append(keys, keys[len(keys)-1]+"."+strconv.FormatInt(arrs[len(arrs)-1], 10))
// let's remove the key and "="
if len(this.seq) >= 2 {
this.seq = this.seq[:len(this.seq)-2]
}
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
if len(this.seq) >= 2 {
this.seq = this.seq[:len(this.seq)-2]
}
default:
state = jsonObjectValue
tok.isValue = true
this.insertToken(tok)
}
case jsonObjectValue:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// end quote, ignore, move on
//state = jsonObjectKey
if vquote = !vquote; vquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for value, got start quote.")
}
case "}":
// End of an object
if len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Too many } characters.")
}
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
state = jsonObjectEnd
case ",":
state = jsonObjectStart
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting '}', ',' or '\"', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonObjectEnd, jsonArrayEnd:
switch tok.Value {
case "}":
// End of an object
if len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Too many } characters.")
}
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
state = jsonObjectEnd
case "]":
// End of an object
if len(arrs)-1 < 0 || len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Mismatched ']' or '}' characters.")
}
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
arrs = arrs[:len(arrs)-1]
state = jsonArrayEnd
case ",":
state = jsonObjectStart
// state = jsonArraySeparator
// arrs[len(arrs)-1]++
// keys[len(keys)-2] = keys[len(keys)-3] + "." + strconv.FormatInt(arrs[len(arrs)-1], 10)
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting '}' or ',', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonArraySeparator:
switch tok.Value {
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting '{', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonArrayStart:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// start quote, ignore, move on
//state = jsonArrayStart
if kquote = !kquote; !kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting start quote for value, got end quote.")
}
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
default:
if tok.Type == TokenLiteral {
//glog.Debugf("depth=%d, keys=%v", depth, keys)
this.insertToken(Token{
Tag: TagUnknown,
Type: TokenLiteral,
Value: keys[len(keys)-1],
isKey: true,
isValue: false,
})
this.insertToken(Token{
Tag: TagUnknown,
Type: TokenLiteral,
Value: "=",
isKey: false,
isValue: false,
})
tok.Value = keys[len(keys)-1]
tok.isValue = true
this.insertToken(tok)
state = jsonArrayValue
} else {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting string key, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
}
case jsonArrayValue:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// end quote, ignore, move on
//state = jsonObjectKey
if vquote = !vquote; vquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for value, got start quote.")
}
case "]":
// End of an object
if len(arrs)-1 < 0 || len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Mismatched ']' or '}' characters.")
}
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
arrs = arrs[:len(arrs)-1]
state = jsonArrayEnd
case ",":
state = jsonArrayStart
arrs[len(arrs)-1]++
keys[len(keys)-1] = keys[len(keys)-2] + "." + strconv.FormatInt(arrs[len(arrs)-1], 10)
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting ']', ',' or '\"', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
}
//glog.Debugf("2. tok=%s, state=%d, kquote=%t, vquote=%t, depth=%d", tok, state, kquote, vquote, len(keys))
}
if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return nil, isJson, err
}
return this.seq, isJson, nil
}
//This is essentially the same function as Scan Json about but it preserves the structure of the message for text matching.
//It does not remove spaces, commas or brackets.
func (this *Scanner) ScanJson_Preserve(s string) (Sequence, bool, error) {
var (
err error
tok Token
pos []int
keys = make([]string, 0, 20) // collection keys
arrs = make([]int64, 0, 20) // array index
state = jsonStart // state
kquote, vquote bool // quoted key, quoted value
//determines if the returned sequence is preserved json
isJson = true
)
this.msg.Data = s
this.msg.reset()
this.seq = this.seq[:0]
spaceBefore := false
for tok, err = this.msg.Tokenize(false, pos); err == nil; tok, err = this.msg.Tokenize(false, pos) {
//ignore space tokens but mark the token before as needing a space
if config.markSpaces {
if tok.Value == " " {
spaceBefore = true
continue
} else {
tok.IsSpaceBefore = spaceBefore
spaceBefore = false
}
}
switch state {
case jsonStart:
switch tok.Value {
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
this.insertToken(tok)
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting \"{\", got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonObjectStart:
switch tok.Value {
case "{":
// Only reason this could happen is if we encountered an array of
// objects like [{"a":1}, {"b":2}]
arrs[len(arrs)-1]++
keys = append(keys, "")
case "\"":
// start quote, add token, move on
this.insertToken(tok)
if kquote = !kquote; !kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting start quote for key, got end quote.")
}
case "}":
// got something like {}
if len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Too many } characters.")
}
this.insertToken(tok)
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
state = jsonObjectEnd
default:
if tok.Type == TokenLiteral {
//glog.Debugf("depth=%d, keys=%v", len(keys), keys)
switch len(keys) {
case 0:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting inside object, not so.")
default:
keys[len(keys)-1] = tok.Value
}
tok.Value = keys[len(keys)-1]
tok.isKey = true
tok.Type = TokenLiteral
tok.IsSpaceBefore = spaceBefore
this.insertToken(tok)
state = jsonObjectKey
} else {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting string key, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
}
case jsonObjectKey:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// end quote
this.insertToken(tok)
if kquote = !kquote; kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for key, got start quote.")
}
case ":":
if kquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for key, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
this.insertToken(tok)
state = jsonObjectColon
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting colon or quote, got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonObjectColon:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
if vquote {
// if vquote is already true, that means we encountered something like ""
vquote = false
state = jsonObjectValue
} else {
// start quote, ignore, move on
vquote = true
}
case "[":
// Start of an array
state = jsonArrayStart
arrs = append(arrs, 0)
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
default:
state = jsonObjectValue
tok.isValue = true
if tok.Type == TokenLiteral {
tok.Type = TokenString
}
}
this.insertToken(tok)
case jsonObjectValue:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// end quote
this.insertToken(tok)
if vquote = !vquote; vquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for value, got start quote.")
}
case "}":
// End of an object
this.insertToken(tok)
if len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Too many } characters.")
}
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
state = jsonObjectEnd
case ",":
this.insertToken(tok)
state = jsonObjectStart
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting '}', ',' or '\"', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonObjectEnd, jsonArrayEnd:
switch tok.Value {
case "}":
// End of an object
if len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Too many } characters.")
}
this.insertToken(tok)
keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
state = jsonObjectEnd
case "]":
// End of an object
if len(arrs)-1 < 0 || len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Mismatched ']' or '}' characters.")
}
//keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
arrs = arrs[:len(arrs)-1]
state = jsonArrayEnd
this.insertToken(tok)
case ",":
state = jsonObjectStart
this.insertToken(tok)
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting '}' or ',', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonArraySeparator:
switch tok.Value {
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting '{', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
case jsonArrayStart:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
this.insertToken(tok)
if vquote {
// if vquote is already true, that means we encountered something like ""
vquote = false
state = jsonArrayValue
} else {
// start quote, ignore, move on
vquote = true
}
case "{":
state = jsonObjectStart
keys = append(keys, "")
this.insertToken(tok)
default:
state = jsonArrayValue
tok.isValue = true
if tok.Type == TokenLiteral {
tok.Type = TokenString
}
this.insertToken(tok)
}
case jsonArrayValue:
switch tok.Value {
case "\"":
// end quote, ignore, move on
//state = jsonObjectKey
this.insertToken(tok)
if vquote = !vquote; vquote {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting end quote for value, got start quote.")
}
case "]":
// End of an object
if len(arrs)-1 < 0 || len(keys)-1 < 0 {
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Mismatched ']' or '}' characters.")
}
//keys = keys[:len(keys)-1]
arrs = arrs[:len(arrs)-1]
state = jsonArrayEnd
this.insertToken(tok)
case ",":
state = jsonArrayStart
this.insertToken(tok)
arrs[len(arrs)-1]++
default:
return nil, isJson, fmt.Errorf("Invalid message. Expecting ']', ',' or '\"', got %q.", tok.Value)
}
}
//glog.Debugf("2. tok=%s, state=%d, kquote=%t, vquote=%t, depth=%d", tok, state, kquote, vquote, len(keys))
}
if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return nil, isJson, err
}
return this.seq, isJson, nil
}
func (this *Scanner) insertToken(tok Token) {
// For some reason this is consistently slightly faster than just append
if len(this.seq) >= cap(this.seq) {
this.seq = append(this.seq, tok)
} else {
i := len(this.seq)
this.seq = this.seq[:i+1]
this.seq[i] = tok
}
}