diff --git a/.changeset/sweet-trees-push.md b/.changeset/sweet-trees-push.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e2f5fb51a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/sweet-trees-push.md
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+"@ckb-lumos/base": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/ckb-indexer": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/codec": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/common-scripts": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/e2e-test": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/experiment-tx-assembler": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/helpers": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/lumos": minor
+"@ckb-lumos/transaction-manager": minor
+---
+
+feat: supports validating duck typing
diff --git a/packages/base/package.json b/packages/base/package.json
index 9408f74d8..6569cf655 100644
--- a/packages/base/package.json
+++ b/packages/base/package.json
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
   "dependencies": {
     "@ckb-lumos/bi": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/codec": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@types/blake2b": "^2.1.0",
     "@types/lodash.isequal": "^4.5.5",
     "blake2b": "^2.1.3",
diff --git a/packages/base/src/indexer.ts b/packages/base/src/indexer.ts
index 77d2d4ffd..dfcf4348b 100644
--- a/packages/base/src/indexer.ts
+++ b/packages/base/src/indexer.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-import { validators } from "@ckb-lumos/toolkit";
+import * as blockchain from "./blockchain";
 import { assertHexadecimal } from "./utils";
-
 import { Cell, Script, Transaction, TransactionWithStatus } from "./api";
 import { Hexadecimal, HexString } from "./primitive";
 import { Logger } from "./logger";
@@ -142,10 +141,10 @@ class TransactionCollector {
     }
     // Wrap the plain `Script` into `ScriptWrapper`.
     if (lock && !isScriptWrapper(lock)) {
-      validators.ValidateScript(lock);
+      blockchain.Script.pack(lock);
       this.lock = { script: lock, ioType: "both", argsLen: argsLen };
     } else if (lock && lock.script) {
-      validators.ValidateScript(lock.script);
+      blockchain.Script.pack(lock.script);
       this.lock = lock;
       // check ioType, argsLen
       if (!lock.argsLen) {
@@ -158,10 +157,10 @@ class TransactionCollector {
     if (type === "empty") {
       this.type = type;
     } else if (type && !isScriptWrapper(type)) {
-      validators.ValidateScript(type);
+      blockchain.Script.pack(type);
       this.type = { script: type, ioType: "both", argsLen: argsLen };
     } else if (type && type.script) {
-      validators.ValidateScript(type.script);
+      blockchain.Script.pack(type.script);
       this.type = type;
       // check ioType, argsLen
       if (!type.argsLen) {
diff --git a/packages/ckb-indexer/package.json b/packages/ckb-indexer/package.json
index edb954267..8d9c607fd 100644
--- a/packages/ckb-indexer/package.json
+++ b/packages/ckb-indexer/package.json
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/bi": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/codec": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/rpc": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "cross-fetch": "^3.1.5",
     "events": "^3.3.0"
   },
diff --git a/packages/ckb-indexer/src/collector.ts b/packages/ckb-indexer/src/collector.ts
index a53713aa5..2e2d6353a 100644
--- a/packages/ckb-indexer/src/collector.ts
+++ b/packages/ckb-indexer/src/collector.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import { utils, Cell, BaseCellCollector } from "@ckb-lumos/base";
-import { validators } from "@ckb-lumos/toolkit";
+import { utils, Cell, BaseCellCollector, blockchain } from "@ckb-lumos/base";
 import {
   SearchKeyFilter,
   CKBIndexerQueryOptions,
@@ -60,9 +59,9 @@ export class CKBCellCollector implements BaseCellCollector {
 
     if (queries.lock) {
       if (!instanceOfScriptWrapper(queries.lock)) {
-        validators.ValidateScript(queries.lock);
+        blockchain.Script.pack(queries.lock);
       } else if (instanceOfScriptWrapper(queries.lock)) {
-        validators.ValidateScript(queries.lock.script);
+        blockchain.Script.pack(queries.lock.script);
       }
     }
 
@@ -71,12 +70,12 @@ export class CKBCellCollector implements BaseCellCollector {
         typeof queries.type === "object" &&
         !instanceOfScriptWrapper(queries.type)
       ) {
-        validators.ValidateScript(queries.type);
+        blockchain.Script.pack(queries.type);
       } else if (
         typeof queries.type === "object" &&
         instanceOfScriptWrapper(queries.type)
       ) {
-        validators.ValidateScript(queries.type.script);
+        blockchain.Script.pack(queries.type.script);
       }
     }
 
@@ -140,7 +139,7 @@ export class CKBCellCollector implements BaseCellCollector {
       // unWrap `ScriptWrapper` into `Script`.
       if (queryLock) {
         if (instanceOfScriptWrapper(queryLock)) {
-          validators.ValidateScript(queryLock.script);
+          blockchain.Script.pack(queryLock.script);
           query.lock = queryLock.script;
         }
       }
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ export class CKBCellCollector implements BaseCellCollector {
           typeof query.type === "object" &&
           instanceOfScriptWrapper(query.type)
         ) {
-          validators.ValidateScript(query.type.script);
+          blockchain.Script.pack(query.type.script);
           query.type = query.type.script;
         }
       }
diff --git a/packages/ckb-indexer/src/indexer.ts b/packages/ckb-indexer/src/indexer.ts
index 35663c6ec..2d898ab1d 100644
--- a/packages/ckb-indexer/src/indexer.ts
+++ b/packages/ckb-indexer/src/indexer.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   Output,
   utils,
   Block,
+  blockchain,
 } from "@ckb-lumos/base";
 import { requestBatchTransactionWithStatus } from "./services";
 import { CKBCellCollector } from "./collector";
@@ -31,7 +32,6 @@ import {
 import { BI } from "@ckb-lumos/bi";
 import { RPC as CKBIndexerRpc } from "./rpc";
 import { CKBRPC } from "@ckb-lumos/rpc";
-import { validators } from "@ckb-lumos/toolkit";
 import type * as IndexerType from "./indexerType";
 import { unwrapDataWrapper } from "./ckbIndexerFilter";
 
@@ -197,10 +197,10 @@ export class CkbIndexer implements CellProvider, TerminableCellFetcher {
       ? BI.from(0)
       : BI.from(queries.fromBlock);
     if (queries.lock) {
-      validators.ValidateScript(queries.lock);
+      blockchain.Script.pack(queries.lock as Script);
       emitter.lock = queries.lock as Script;
     } else if (queries.type && queries.type !== "empty") {
-      validators.ValidateScript(queries.type);
+      blockchain.Script.pack(queries.type as Script);
       emitter.type = queries.type as Script;
     } else {
       throw new Error("Either lock or type script must be provided!");
diff --git a/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/cell_collector.unit.test.ts b/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/cell_collector.unit.test.ts
index 4c504785b..006e6f763 100644
--- a/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/cell_collector.unit.test.ts
+++ b/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/cell_collector.unit.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 import test from "ava";
 import { Indexer, CellCollector } from "../src";
-import { HexadecimalRange, Script, utils, Cell } from "@ckb-lumos/base";
+import {
+  HexadecimalRange,
+  Script,
+  utils,
+  Cell,
+  blockchain,
+} from "@ckb-lumos/base";
 import { spy, SinonSpy, stub } from "sinon";
-import { validators } from "@ckb-lumos/toolkit";
 import { CKBIndexerQueryOptions } from "../src/type";
 
 const nodeUri = "http://127.0.0.1:8118/rpc";
@@ -12,7 +17,7 @@ const indexer = new Indexer(indexUri, nodeUri);
 let validateScriptSpy: SinonSpy;
 let utilsSpy: SinonSpy;
 test.before(() => {
-  validateScriptSpy = spy(validators, "ValidateScript");
+  validateScriptSpy = spy(blockchain.Script, "pack");
   utilsSpy = spy(utils, "assertHexadecimal");
 });
 test.afterEach(() => {
diff --git a/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/indexer.unit.test.ts b/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/indexer.unit.test.ts
index b492662fc..d7d17ad71 100644
--- a/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/indexer.unit.test.ts
+++ b/packages/ckb-indexer/tests/indexer.unit.test.ts
@@ -48,10 +48,8 @@ test("test subscrib by scriptWrapper", (t) => {
     },
     { instanceOf: Error }
   );
-  t.is(
-    error.message,
-    "script does not have correct keys! Required keys: [args, codeHash, hashType], optional keys: [], actual keys: [script]"
-  );
+  t.true(/Cannot convert undefined to Uint8Array/.test(error.message));
+
   // TODO should work fine here
   // const result: IndexerEmitter = indexer.subscribe(queryOption);
   // t.deepEqual(result.lock, queryOption.lock.script);
diff --git a/packages/codec/src/bytes.ts b/packages/codec/src/bytes.ts
index 7a879f7fd..579e11175 100644
--- a/packages/codec/src/bytes.ts
+++ b/packages/codec/src/bytes.ts
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export function bytify(bytesLike: BytesLike): Uint8Array {
   if (typeof bytesLike === "string") return bytifyHex(bytesLike);
   if (Array.isArray(bytesLike)) return bytifyArrayLike(bytesLike);
 
-  throw new Error(`Cannot convert ${bytesLike}`);
+  throw new Error(`Cannot convert ${bytesLike} to Uint8Array`);
 }
 
 export function equal(a: BytesLike, b: BytesLike): boolean {
diff --git a/packages/codec/src/error.ts b/packages/codec/src/error.ts
index c45df1d81..4ba50965c 100644
--- a/packages/codec/src/error.ts
+++ b/packages/codec/src/error.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,11 @@ export class CodecExecuteError extends Error {
 
     const path = this.keys.reduceRight(reducer, "input");
 
-    return `Expect type ${this.origin.expectedType} at ${path} but got error: ${
+    const expectedTypeMessage = this.origin.expectedType
+      ? `Expect type ${this.origin.expectedType}`
+      : "Error";
+
+    return `${expectedTypeMessage} at ${path} but got error: ${
       this.origin.message
     }
     ${this.origin.stack?.replace(/Error:.+?\n/, "")}
diff --git a/packages/common-scripts/package.json b/packages/common-scripts/package.json
index f75187383..3b7697a58 100644
--- a/packages/common-scripts/package.json
+++ b/packages/common-scripts/package.json
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/config-manager": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/helpers": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/rpc": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "bs58": "^5.0.0",
     "bech32": "^2.0.0",
     "immutable": "^4.3.0"
diff --git a/packages/e2e-test/package.json b/packages/e2e-test/package.json
index 68c210189..ce7b2aba0 100644
--- a/packages/e2e-test/package.json
+++ b/packages/e2e-test/package.json
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/light-client": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/rpc": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/runner": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/utils": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@types/kill-port": "^2.0.0",
     "events": "^3.3.0",
diff --git a/packages/experiment-tx-assembler/package.json b/packages/experiment-tx-assembler/package.json
index 5df3d5b18..b73c86ba3 100644
--- a/packages/experiment-tx-assembler/package.json
+++ b/packages/experiment-tx-assembler/package.json
@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/base": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/bi": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/config-manager": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/helpers": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3"
+    "@ckb-lumos/helpers": "0.22.0-next.3"
   },
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
diff --git a/packages/helpers/package.json b/packages/helpers/package.json
index d84304ab1..9a338c1ee 100644
--- a/packages/helpers/package.json
+++ b/packages/helpers/package.json
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/bi": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/codec": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/config-manager": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "bech32": "^2.0.0",
     "immutable": "^4.3.0"
   },
diff --git a/packages/helpers/src/index.ts b/packages/helpers/src/index.ts
index 65cd071f3..5c92f36bf 100644
--- a/packages/helpers/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/helpers/src/index.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import {
   parseFullFormatAddress,
 } from "./address-to-script";
 import { hexToByteArray } from "./utils";
-import { validators } from "@ckb-lumos/toolkit";
 import { HashType } from "@ckb-lumos/base/lib/blockchain";
 
 const { bytify, hexify } = bytes;
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ export function minimalScriptCapacityCompatible(
   { validate = true }: { validate?: boolean } = {}
 ): BI {
   if (validate) {
-    validators.ValidateScript(script);
+    blockchain.Script.pack(script);
   }
 
   let bytes = 0;
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ export function generateAddress(
     );
     HAS_WARNED_FOR_DEPRECATED_ADDRESS = true;
   }
-  validators.ValidateScript(script);
+  blockchain.Script.pack(script);
 
   const scriptTemplate = Object.values(config.SCRIPTS).find(
     (s) =>
@@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ export function encodeToAddress(
   script: Script,
   { config = undefined }: Options = {}
 ): Address {
-  validators.ValidateScript(script);
+  blockchain.Script.pack(script);
   config = config || getConfig();
   // https://github.com/nervosnetwork/rfcs/blob/9aef152a5123c8972de1aefc11794cf84d1762ed/rfcs/0021-ckb-address-format/0021-ckb-address-format.md#full-payload-format
   // Full payload format directly encodes all data fields of lock script. The encode rule of full payload format is Bech32m.
@@ -366,7 +365,7 @@ export function createTransactionFromSkeleton(
     witnesses: txSkeleton.get("witnesses").toArray(),
   };
   if (validate) {
-    validators.ValidateTransaction(tx);
+    blockchain.Transaction.pack(tx);
   }
   return tx;
 }
diff --git a/packages/lumos/package.json b/packages/lumos/package.json
index 70387a8c6..c1d44ef60 100644
--- a/packages/lumos/package.json
+++ b/packages/lumos/package.json
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/helpers": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/light-client": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/rpc": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/transaction-manager": "0.22.0-next.3"
   },
   "publishConfig": {
diff --git a/packages/transaction-manager/package.json b/packages/transaction-manager/package.json
index 53bb5ed41..4bfb0a05c 100644
--- a/packages/transaction-manager/package.json
+++ b/packages/transaction-manager/package.json
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
     "@ckb-lumos/codec": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/ckb-indexer": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "@ckb-lumos/rpc": "0.22.0-next.3",
-    "@ckb-lumos/toolkit": "0.22.0-next.3",
     "immutable": "^4.3.0"
   },
   "publishConfig": {
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index f2971ea95..4e074045a 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -125,9 +125,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/codec':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../codec
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       '@types/blake2b':
         specifier: ^2.1.0
         version: 2.1.0
@@ -168,9 +165,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/rpc':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../rpc
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       cross-fetch:
         specifier: ^3.1.5
         version: 3.1.5
@@ -236,9 +230,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/rpc':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../rpc
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       bech32:
         specifier: ^2.0.0
         version: 2.0.0
@@ -370,9 +361,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/runner':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../runner
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       '@ckb-lumos/utils':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../utils
@@ -419,9 +407,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/helpers':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../helpers
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
 
   packages/hd:
     dependencies:
@@ -502,9 +487,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/config-manager':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../config-manager
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       bech32:
         specifier: ^2.0.0
         version: 2.0.0
@@ -578,9 +560,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/rpc':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../rpc
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       '@ckb-lumos/transaction-manager':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../transaction-manager
@@ -750,9 +729,6 @@ importers:
       '@ckb-lumos/rpc':
         specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
         version: link:../rpc
-      '@ckb-lumos/toolkit':
-        specifier: 0.22.0-next.3
-        version: link:../toolkit
       immutable:
         specifier: ^4.3.0
         version: 4.3.0