diff --git a/internal/core/adt/context.go b/internal/core/adt/context.go
index d9ee22d3fae..57269551f21 100644
--- a/internal/core/adt/context.go
+++ b/internal/core/adt/context.go
@@ -111,14 +111,6 @@ func init() {
 	log.SetFlags(log.Lshortfile)
 }
 
-func Logf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
-	if Verbosity == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-	s := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
-	_ = log.Output(2, s)
-}
-
 var pMap = map[*Vertex]int{}
 
 func (c *OpContext) Logf(v *Vertex, format string, args ...interface{}) {
diff --git a/internal/internal.go b/internal/internal.go
index 7c91a93a32c..c944f88398f 100644
--- a/internal/internal.go
+++ b/internal/internal.go
@@ -325,33 +325,6 @@ func ToFile(n ast.Node) *ast.File {
 	}
 }
 
-// ToStruct gets the non-preamble declarations of a file and puts them in a
-// struct.
-func ToStruct(f *ast.File) *ast.StructLit {
-	start := 0
-	for i, d := range f.Decls {
-		switch d.(type) {
-		case *ast.Package, *ast.ImportDecl:
-			start = i + 1
-		case *ast.Attribute, *ast.CommentGroup:
-		default:
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	s := ast.NewStruct()
-	s.Elts = f.Decls[start:]
-	return s
-}
-
-func IsBulkField(d ast.Decl) bool {
-	if f, ok := d.(*ast.Field); ok {
-		if _, ok := f.Label.(*ast.ListLit); ok {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 func IsDef(s string) bool {
 	return strings.HasPrefix(s, "#") || strings.HasPrefix(s, "_#")
 }
diff --git a/internal/value/value.go b/internal/value/value.go
index 5539475c5e9..5d4dc0426fb 100644
--- a/internal/value/value.go
+++ b/internal/value/value.go
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"cuelang.org/go/cue"
-	"cuelang.org/go/cue/errors"
 	"cuelang.org/go/internal/core/adt"
 	"cuelang.org/go/internal/core/convert"
 	"cuelang.org/go/internal/core/eval"
@@ -50,14 +49,6 @@ func Make(ctx *adt.OpContext, v adt.Value) cue.Value {
 	return (*cue.Context)(ctx.Impl().(*runtime.Runtime)).Encode(v)
 }
 
-func MakeError(r *runtime.Runtime, err errors.Error) cue.Value {
-	b := &adt.Bottom{Err: err}
-	node := &adt.Vertex{BaseValue: b}
-	node.ForceDone()
-	node.AddConjunct(adt.MakeRootConjunct(nil, b))
-	return (*cue.Context)(r).Encode(node)
-}
-
 // UnifyBuiltin returns the given Value unified with the given builtin template.
 func UnifyBuiltin(v cue.Value, kind string) cue.Value {
 	p := strings.Split(kind, ".")