diff --git a/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_deserialised.py b/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_deserialised.py
index 1a4f197bcb..928f8168cc 100644
--- a/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_deserialised.py
+++ b/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_deserialised.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from abc import ABC
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
 from lxml import etree
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ class DataDeserialised:
 
 
 @dataclass
-class AbstractResource(ABC):
+class AbstractResource:
     res_id: str
     label: str
 
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ class UriValueDeserialised(ValueDeserialised): ...
 
 
 @dataclass
-class AbstractFileValueDeserialised(ABC):
+class AbstractFileValueDeserialised:
     res_id: str
     value: str | None
 
diff --git a/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_rdf.py b/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_rdf.py
index 35582440f5..6ffd90571b 100644
--- a/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_rdf.py
+++ b/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/data_rdf.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from abc import ABC
+from abc import abstractmethod
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from uuid import uuid4
 
@@ -28,8 +29,8 @@ def make_graph(self) -> Graph:
 
 
 class RDFTriples(ABC):
-    def make_graph(self) -> Graph:
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    @abstractmethod
+    def make_graph(self) -> Graph: ...
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -219,8 +220,8 @@ class AbstractFileValueRDF(RDFTriples):
     res_iri: URIRef
     value: Literal
 
-    def make_graph(self) -> Graph:
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    @abstractmethod
+    def make_graph(self) -> Graph: ...
 
 
 @dataclass
diff --git a/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/input_problems.py b/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/input_problems.py
index 9acc27b6f1..a5c63148b7 100644
--- a/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/input_problems.py
+++ b/src/dsp_tools/commands/validate_data/models/input_problems.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import warnings
 from abc import ABC
+from abc import abstractmethod
 from collections import defaultdict
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime
@@ -146,14 +147,14 @@ class InputProblem(ABC):
     prop_name: str
 
     @property
-    def problem(self) -> str:
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    @abstractmethod
+    def problem(self) -> str: ...
 
-    def get_msg(self) -> str:
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_msg(self) -> str: ...
 
-    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, str]:
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    @abstractmethod
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, str]: ...
 
     def _base_dict(self) -> dict[str, str]:
         return {
@@ -163,8 +164,8 @@ def _base_dict(self) -> dict[str, str]:
             "Problem": self.problem,
         }
 
-    def sort_value(self) -> str:
-        raise NotImplementedError
+    @abstractmethod
+    def sort_value(self) -> str: ...
 
 
 #######################