[erlc] internal consistency check failed: bad_arg_type

[RobinMorisset]

Describe the bug
Running erlc on the following module:

-module(test342852).
-export([start/0]).

f(_V0) ->
    f(<<_:1/bits>> = _V0).

start() ->
    f(<<>>).

results in the following compiler crash:

test342852:1: function f/1+8:
  Internal consistency check failed - please report this bug.
  Instruction: {call_only,1,{f,2}}
  Error:       {bad_arg_type,{x,0},{t_bs_context,1},{t_bs_matchable,256}}:

Affected versions
master
I could not reproduce it on an old version of OTP 25 that I had on hand, so this bug was probably introduced in the last year.

Additional context
The bug does not reproduce if start is not exported.
The bug does not reproduce if f is exported.