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simple-datagram

Datagram is the unit of data exchanged between a pair of internet modules (includes the internet header). This program is built for enhancing the understanding of datagram based on RFC 791.

This repository contains a simple example of how to create and send datagrams using the UDP protocol in Go. The project includes two parts: a UDP server and a UDP client that sends datagrams to the server.

Overview

A datagram is a unit of data exchanged between two devices over a network using a connectionless protocol such as UDP (User Datagram Protocol). Unlike TCP, which establishes a connection before data transfer, UDP simply sends data packets (datagrams) without requiring a connection. This makes UDP faster but less reliable, as there is no guarantee of packet delivery.

This project demonstrates how to:

  • Create a UDP server that listens for incoming datagrams.
  • Create a UDP clients that sends datagrams to the server.

Project Structure

  • server.go: The UDP server code that listens for incoming datagrams on a specified port.
  • client.go: The UDP client code that sends a datagram message to the server.

How It Works

  1. The server listens on port 8080 for incoming datagrams.
  2. The client sends a datagram message ("Hello, this is a datagram!") to the server.
  3. The server receives and prints the message along with the sender's address.

Running Example

Prerequisites

  • Go installed on your machine.

Steps

  1. Run The Server:
    • Open a terminal and navigate to the directory containing the server.go file.
    • Start the server using the following command:
    go run server.go
    • The server will start listening on localhost:8080 for incoming UDP datagrams.
  2. Run The Client:
    • Open another terminal and navigate to the directory containing the client.go file:
    • Send a datagram message to the server using the following command:
    go run client.go
  3. Output:
    • In the terminal server, you will see output like this when it receives a datagram:
    Listening on localhost:8080
Received Hello, this is a datagram from 127.0.0.1:xxxxx
    • The client will display:
    Sent message: Hello, this is a datagram!

Code Explanation

Server Code (server.go)

The server is implemented using Go's net package:

  • net.ResolveUDPaddr: Resolves the address for UDP communication.
  • net.ListenUDP: Binds the UDP address and starts listening for incoming datagrams.
  • conn.ReadFromUDP: Reads the incoming datagram into a buffer.

Client Code (client.go)

The client sends a datagram using:

  • net.ResolveUDPaddr: Resolves the server's UDP address.
  • net.DialUDP: Creates a UDP connection to the server.
  • conn.Write: Sends a datagram message over the UDP connection.

Notes

  • UDP is a connectionless protocol, meaning there is no guarantee that the datagram will reach the destination. It's faster but less reliable compared to TCP.
  • This example uses localhost communication, but you can modify the IP and port to test on different machines over a network.

License

This project is open-source and licensed under the MIT License.