CI: Makefile/Docker testing

To test the build on various distro, I'm using docker containers and a Makefile for orchestration.

pros:

You are independent of third party CI runner VM images (e.g. github actions/virtual-environments).
You can run it locally on any host having a linux docker image support.
Most CI provide runner with docker and Makefile installed.

cons:

Only GNU/Linux distro supported.
Could take few GiB (~30 GiB for all distro and all languages)
- ~500MiB OS + C++/CMake tools,

Usage

To get the help simply type:

make

note: you can also use from top directory

make --directory=bazel

For example to test inside an Ubuntu container:

make ubuntu_test

Dockerfile is split in several stages.