body.tex

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% How to write an intuitive paper:

% 1. There is a villain.
% 2. The villain has a weakness.
% 3. The hero defeats this villain by attacking the weakness.

% A good weakness tends to be theoretical and fundamental.
% Practical limitations can be a weakness, but does not provide motivation as strong as theoretical one.

\section{Available commands}

\paragraph{STRIPS}

\verb`\strips[options]` macro produces various formal definitions of classical planning.
Available options are:
\begin{itemize}
 \item \texttt{negative-preconditions},
 \item \texttt{disjunctive-preconditions},
 \item \texttt{conditional-effects},
 \item \texttt{action-costs},
 \item \texttt{derived-predicates},
 \item \texttt{optimal} (discuss optimality),
 \item \texttt{satisficing} (discuss satisficing search. Implies \texttt{optimal}),
 \item \texttt{agile} (discuss agile search. Implies \texttt{satisficing})
 \item \texttt{lifted} (discuss grounding),
 \item \texttt{unitcost} (clarifies all costs are 1. Implies \texttt{action-costs}).
\end{itemize}
Use it like \verb`\strips` \texttt{[derived-predicates,} \texttt{negative-preconditions]}.

\paragraph{Heuristics}

\verb`\heuristics[options]` macro describes heuristic functions and
introduces several heuristics specifies in the options.
The options can be put in two categories.

The first set of options add definitions for various classes of heuristics.
\begin{itemize}
 \item \texttt{perfect}: perfect heuristic $h^*$,
 \item \texttt{admissible} (implies \texttt{perfect}),
 \item \texttt{inadmissible} (implies \texttt{admissible}),
 \item \texttt{perfectsat}: perfect satisficing heuristics from \cite{kuroiwa2022biased} (implies \texttt{inadmissible}),
 \item \texttt{tdom}: $t$-dominance from \cite{kuroiwa2022biased} (implies \texttt{perfectsat}),
 \item \texttt{relaxation}: $h^+$ and relaxation heuristics.
\end{itemize}

The second set of options introduce known heuristics and their definitions.
Available heuristics are:
\begin{itemize}
 \item \texttt{ad} ($\ad$, additive heuristics)
 \item \texttt{hmax} ($\hmax$)
 \item \texttt{ff} ($\ff$)
 \item \texttt{gc} ($\gc$)
\end{itemize}

These options can take values between 0 and 2:
\begin{enumerate}
 \item If 0, the heuristics is omitted.
 \item If 1, it is added to the list of heuristics.
 \item If 2, its definitions are also added.
\end{enumerate}
Use them like \verb`\heuristics` \texttt{[ad=2,ff,perfect]}.


\def\stripsusage#1{
  \paragraph{\texttt{\textbackslash{}strips[#1]}}
  \strips[#1]
}

\def\heuristicusage#1{
  \paragraph{\texttt{\textbackslash{}heuristics[#1]}}
  \heuristics[#1]
}

\section{Examples}

\stripsusage{}
\stripsusage{lifted}
\stripsusage{derived-predicates}
\stripsusage{negative-preconditions}
\stripsusage{disjunctive-preconditions}
\stripsusage{conditional-effects}

\stripsusage{action-costs}
\stripsusage{unitcost}

\stripsusage{optimal}
\stripsusage{optimal,action-costs}
\stripsusage{satisficing}
\stripsusage{satisficing,action-costs}
\stripsusage{agile}
\stripsusage{agile,action-costs}


\heuristicusage{}

\heuristicusage{hmax,ad,ff,gc}

\heuristicusage{ad=2,ff}

\heuristicusage{perfectsat,relaxation}


\section{Minted}

\begin{minted}{cl}
 (print :hi)
\end{minted}

\section{Rule of Intuitive Writing}

\paragraph{Dichotomy}

Human minds prefer dichotomy like villain vs hero.
Concrete contrast with existing work is always necessary.

\paragraph{Consistency}

Our temporary memory is limited 7 chunks.
Papers exceeding this limit takes a lot longer to read and is painful to read.
Consistency greatly saves the memory usage.

One trick is to avoid a $N\times M$ structure and make it into a $N \times 1 + N \times (M-1)$ structure.
That is, initially, use a \emph{single} example to explain $N$ concepts (and put them into reader's memory)
then explain the rest of the $M-1$ examples, by which time the $N$ entries should have been in the permanent memory
thus does not consume the temporary memory.
An ADHD person has a temporary memory far fewer than 7 of a normal person.


\paragraph{Name by intent, not content}

This is a common advise also used in programming.

\paragraph{Cover several types of cognitions}

Human cognition has several types called VAK learning style.
VAK is for Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic/tactile.
Make sure to appeal to all cognition types.

\begin{itemize}
 \item One is skewed toward visual cognition. An extreme example is a person with a photographic memory.
 \item Another is skewed toward sequential, language and auditory cognition.
 \item The last one is skewed toward Kinesthetic cognition (experience based).
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Show, not Tell}

The basics of storytelling.

\paragraph{Tempo}

Many good movies have long introductions where nothing happens in the beginning, but all of them have sufficient foreshadowing.
People get bored and fails to engage if it lacks the elements that keep them interested.
Storytelling must get to the point with sufficient speed, otherwise it is difficult to keep the concentration.
Losing readers before getting to the core contribution would make all the effort meaningless, which anyone would avoid.

\paragraph{CRAP principle (Contrast, Repetition, Alignment, Proximity)}

One of the few principles of Graphic Design that is useful in presentation slides.

Make a color contrast.

Effective use of repetition of the same pattern
will lower the cognitive effort.

Align elements when they have orthogonal concepts.

Make similar, related things closer to each other,
and make different things farther.





\section{Introduction}

[The text is borrowed from a famous latex template for Kakenhi Grant
Proposal (Japanese version of NSF in US) which was slightly edited and translated into English.]

[Make sure to remove these texts before submitting a paper.
We know some accidents have already occurred in respectable universities during important grant submissions,
bringing confusion to the administrative staff, embarrassment to the researcher,
and some rumor among the department that the researcher lost sanity.]


The true purpose of this study is, in a nutshell, to fulfill the childhood dream of finding an elephant egg.

\section{Background}

The purpose of this research is
a multifaceted investigation of elephant egg shells from biological, chemical, theoretical, and engineering aspects.
Elephant egg shells weigh more than 80 kg.
It is necessary not only to support the weight of the elephant and its
nutrient source, the large mass of the yolk, but also the weight of the
parent elephant that warms the egg. For this reason, the elephant egg
shell is considered to have a structure that is entirely different
from that of bird's (Fig. 1) egg shell. Also, if the mechanism
of the elephant egg shell is clarified,

\begin{itemize}
 \item Elucidation of elephant ecology, understanding of dinosaur egg structure (biology),
 \item Elucidation of shell chemical formation reaction (chemistry),
 \item Research on the relationship between the atomic level structure of the shell and C60 and nanoclusters Research (physics),
 \item Artificially create an elephant shell and apply it to the body of a car (engineering)
\end{itemize}

The impact on science and society is immeasurable.

\section{Method}

We traveled around the world to find elephant eggs. This has also been a dream since I was a kid.

\section{Empirical Evaluation}

Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.
Elephant eggs are phantastic.

\section{Related Work}

According to \citet{folbre1997future},
In ``Horton Hatches the Egg'' \cite{seuss1968horton},
a tired mother bird asked Horton the elephant to give her a break and
sit on the nest instead, which resulted in a chick with a small trunk and
elephant ears.
\citet{kipling1983elephant} discuss how the elephant got its long trunk.
\citet{cooper2001complete} analyzed the mitochondria DNA sequence of the extinct Elephant-Bird species,
such as \emph{Aepyornis maximus}.
\citet{carlqvist2003theory} studied the astronomical object called Twisted Elephant Trunks
based on the magnetic flux ropes between molecular clouds.

Existing work studied the eggs of the blue whale.
While blue whales and elephants are mammals, they live in completely different habitats.

\section{Conclusion}

We could not find Elephant's eggs.

\section*{Checklist}

Elephant egg ES cells are not cultured or elephant clones are not
generated. Since elephant individuals are not taken out of the field,
they do not conflict with the Washington Convention and the Convention
on Biological Diversity. In addition, since no recombination experiment
is conducted, it does not conflict with the Cartagena Protocol.

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