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class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/Java-%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/">Java 学习笔记</a><i class="fas fa-angle-right post-meta-separator"></i><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/Java-%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0/Spring-%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6/">Spring 框架</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count">3k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读时长:</span><span>11分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="Spring AOP"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="AOP-术语"><a href="#AOP-术语" class="headerlink" title="AOP 术语"></a>AOP 术语</h1><p>在不改变原有业务逻辑的情况下增强横切逻辑，横切逻辑代码往往是权限校验代码、日志代码、事务控制代码、性能监控代码。<br><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2022/10/09/IoNOM4PifrBpZ67.png" alt="image.png"><br><br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>名词</th>
<th>解释</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Joinpoint(连接点)</td>
<td>它指的是那些可以用于把增强代码加入到业务主线中的点。在方法执行的前后通过动态代理技术加入增强的代码。在 Spring 框架 AOP 思想的技术实现中，也只支持方法类型的连接点。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pointcut(切入点)</td>
<td>它指的是那些已经把增强代码加入到业务主线进来之后的连接点。由上图中，我们看出表现层 register 方法就只是连接点，因为判断访问权限的功能并没有对其增强。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Advice(通知/增强)</td>
<td>它指的是切面类中用于提供增强功能的方法。并且不同的方法增强的时机是不一样的。比如，开启事务肯定要在业务方法执行之前执行；提交事务要在业务方法正常执行之后执行，而回滚事务要在业务方法执行产生异常之后执行等等。这些就是通知的类型。其分类有：前置通知 后置通知 异常通知 最终通知 环绕通知。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Target(目标对象)</td>
<td>它指的是代理的目标对象。即被代理对象。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Proxy(代理)</td>
<td>它指的是一个类被 AOP 织入增强后，产生的代理类。即代理对象。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weaving(织 入)</td>
<td>它指的是把增强应用到目标对象来创建新的代理对象的过程。spring 采用动态代理织入，而 AspectJ 采用编译期织入和类装载期织入。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Aspect(切面)</td>
<td>它指定是增强的代码所关注的方面，把这些相关的增强代码定义到一个类中，这个类就是切面类。例如，事务切面，它里面定义的方法就是和事务相关的，像开启事务，提交事务，回滚事务等等，不会定义其他与事务无关的方法。我们前面的案例中 TrasnactionManager 就是一个切面。</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>Aspect 切面 = 切入点 + 通知<br>Aspect 切面 = 切入点（锁定方法）+ 方位点（锁定方法中的特殊时机）+ 横切逻辑</p>
<p><strong>众多的概念，目的就是为了锁定要在哪个地方插入什么横切逻辑代码。</strong></p>
<h1 id="AspectJ-切入点表达式"><a href="#AspectJ-切入点表达式" class="headerlink" title="AspectJ 切入点表达式"></a>AspectJ 切入点表达式</h1><ul>
<li>关键字：execution(表达式)</li>
<li>表达式：<ul>
<li>访问修饰符返回值包名.包名…类名.方法名(参数列表)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>标准写法示例：<ul>
<li>public void li.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl.saveAccount()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>访问修饰符可以省略<ul>
<li>void li.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl.saveAccount()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>返回值可以使用通配符，表示任意返回值<ul>
<li>* li.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl.saveAccount()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>包名可以使用通配符，表示任意包，但是有几级包就需要写几个*.<ul>
<li>* *.*.*.AccountServiceImpl.saveAccount()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>包名可以使用..表示当前包及其子包<ul>
<li>* *..AccountServiceImpl.saveAccount()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>类名和方法名都可以使用 * 实现通配<ul>
<li>* *..*.*()</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>参数列表：<ul>
<li>可以直接写数据类型：<ul>
<li>基本类型直接写名称 int</li>
<li>引用类型写包名.类名 java.lang.String</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>可以使用通配符，表示任意类型，但是必须有参数</li>
<li>可以使用..有无参数均可，有参数可以是任意类型</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>全通配写法：<ul>
<li>* *..*.*(..)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>实际开发中切入点表达式的通常写法：<ul>
<li>切到业务层实现类下的所有方法 li.service.impl.*.*(..)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="五种通知类型"><a href="#五种通知类型" class="headerlink" title="五种通知类型"></a>五种通知类型</h1><h2 id="前置通知"><a href="#前置通知" class="headerlink" title="前置通知"></a>前置通知</h2><p>配置方式：aop:before 标签</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 作用：用于配置前置通知。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 出现位置：它只能出现在aop:aspect标签内部</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 属性：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> method：用于指定前置通知的方法名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut：用于指定切入点表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut-ref：用于指定切入点表达式的引用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> arg-names：用于指定通知方法的参数名称，要求表达式中必须有描述 args 的语句</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:before</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">"beforeMethod"</span> <span class="attr">pointcut-ref</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">beforeMethod</span><span class="params">(JoinPoint joinPoint)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (Object arg : args) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(arg);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"业务逻辑之前..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行时机：在切入点方法（业务核心方法）执行之前执行。<br>说明：前置通知可以获取切入点方法的参数，并对其进行增强。</p>
<h2 id="后置通知"><a href="#后置通知" class="headerlink" title="后置通知"></a>后置通知</h2><p>配置方式：aop:after-returning 标签</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 作用：用于配置后置正常执行通知</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 出现位置：它只能出现在aop:aspect标签内部</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 属性：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> method：用于指定前置通知的方法名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut：用于指定切入点表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut-ref：用于指定切入点表达式的引用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> arg-names：用于指定通知方法的参数名称，要求表达式中必须有描述 args 的语句</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> returning：用于指定返回值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:after-returning</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">"afterMethod"</span> <span class="attr">pointcut-ref</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span> <span class="attr">returning</span>=<span class="string">"result"</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">afterMethod</span><span class="params">(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (Object arg : args) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(arg);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"业务逻辑之后..."</span> + result);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行时机：在切入点方法（业务核心方法）正常执行之后执行，出现异常后后置正常执行通知不再执行了，而是执行异常通知。<br>说明：后置通知即可以获取切入点方法的参数，也可以获取切入点方法的返回值。</p>
<h2 id="异常通知"><a href="#异常通知" class="headerlink" title="异常通知"></a>异常通知</h2><p>配置方式：aop:after-throwing 标签</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 作用：用于配置后置异常执行通知</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 出现位置：它只能出现在aop:aspect标签内部</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 属性：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> method：用于指定前置通知的方法名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut：用于指定切入点表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut-ref：用于指定切入点表达式的引用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> arg-names：用于指定通知方法的参数名称，要求表达式中必须有描述 args 的语句</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> throwing：用于指定异常通知中异常的变量名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:after-throwing</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">"afterMethod"</span> <span class="attr">pointcut-ref</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行时机：在切入点方法（业务核心方法）执行产生异常之后执行，如果没有出现异常则不会执行。<br>说明：异常通知即可以获取切入点方法的参数，也可以获取切入点方法执行产生的异常信息。</p>
<h2 id="最终通知"><a href="#最终通知" class="headerlink" title="最终通知"></a>最终通知</h2><p>配置方式：aop:after-throwing 标签</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 作用：用于指定最终通知</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 出现位置：它只能出现在aop:aspect标签内部</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 属性：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> method：用于指定前置通知的方法名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut：用于指定切入点表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut-ref：用于指定切入点表达式的引用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> arg-names：用于指定通知方法的参数名称，要求表达式中必须有描述 args 的语句</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:after</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">"finalMethod"</span> <span class="attr">pointcut-ref</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行时机：最终通知的执行时机是在切入点方法(业务核心方法)执行完成之后，切入点方法返回之前执行。 换句话说，无论切入点方法执行是否产生异常，它都会在返回之前执行。<br>说明：最终通知执行时，可以获取到通知方法的参数。同时它可以做一些清理操作。</p>
<h2 id="环绕通知"><a href="#环绕通知" class="headerlink" title="环绕通知"></a>环绕通知</h2><p>配置方式：aop:after-throwing 标签</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 作用：用于指定最终通知</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 出现位置：它只能出现在aop:aspect标签内部</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> 属性：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> method：用于指定前置通知的方法名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut：用于指定切入点表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> pointcut-ref：用于指定切入点表达式的引用</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> arg-names：用于指定通知方法的参数名称，要求表达式中必须有描述 args 的语句</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:around</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">"aroundMethod"</span> <span class="attr">pointcut-ref</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> Object <span class="title function_">aroundMethod</span><span class="params">(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object result;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object[] args = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的前置通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed(args);</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的后置通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">catch</span> (Throwable e) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的异常通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">RuntimeException</span>(e);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">finally</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的最终通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> result;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行时机：Spring 框架为我们提供了一个接口 ProceedingJoinPoint。该接口有一个方法proceed()，此方法就相当于明确调用切入点方法。<br>说明：可以控制原有逻辑是否执行。</p>
<h1 id="使用-Spring-AOP-的方式"><a href="#使用-Spring-AOP-的方式" class="headerlink" title="使用 Spring AOP 的方式"></a>使用 Spring AOP 的方式</h1><h2 id="XML-方式"><a href="#XML-方式" class="headerlink" title="XML 方式"></a>XML 方式</h2><h3 id="xml-文件头"><a href="#xml-文件头" class="headerlink" title="xml 文件头"></a>xml 文件头</h3><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta"><?xml version=<span class="string">"1.0"</span> encoding=<span class="string">"utf-8"</span> ?></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">beans</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"> <span class="attr">xmlns:context</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"> <span class="attr">xmlns:aop</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"> <span class="attr">xmlns:xsi</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"> <span class="attr">xsi:schemaLocation</span>=<span class="string">"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"><span class="tag"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"><span class="tag"> https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"><span class="tag"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/context</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"><span class="tag"> https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"><span class="tag"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"><span class="tag"> https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">beans</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="配置横切逻辑-bean"><a href="#配置横切逻辑-bean" class="headerlink" title="配置横切逻辑 bean"></a>配置横切逻辑 bean</h3><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"logUtils"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"com.lagou.edu.utils.LogUtils"</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="使用-aop-config-标签开始-aop-的配置"><a href="#使用-aop-config-标签开始-aop-的配置" class="headerlink" title="使用 aop:config 标签开始 aop 的配置"></a>使用 aop:config 标签开始 aop 的配置</h3><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--配置 aop 的过程其实就是把 aop 相关概念落地--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--aspect（切面） = 切入点（方法） + 方位点（方法中的特殊时机） + 横切逻辑--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:config</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:aspect</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"logAspect"</span> <span class="attr">ref</span>=<span class="string">"logUtils"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--切入点锁定需要通知的方法，使用 aspectj 语法表达式--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:pointcut</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span> <span class="attr">expression</span>=<span class="string">"execution(public void com.lagou.edu.service.impl.TransferServiceImpl.transfer(String,String,int))"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"><!--方位点，pointcut-ref 关联切入点，pointcut 可以直接写aspectj 语法表达式--></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:before</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">"beforeMethod"</span> <span class="attr">pointcut-ref</span>=<span class="string">"pt1"</span>/></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">aop:aspect</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">aop:config</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="改变代理方式的配置"><a href="#改变代理方式的配置" class="headerlink" title="改变代理方式的配置"></a>改变代理方式的配置</h3><p>Spring 在选择创建代理对象时，会根据被代理对象的实际情况来选择。被代理对象实现了接口，则采用基于接口的动态代理。当被代理对象没有实现任何接口的时候，Spring会自动切换到基于子类的动态代理方式。<br>无论被代理对象是否实现接口，只要不是 final 修饰的类都可以采用 cglib 提供的方式创建代理对象。所以 Spring 也考虑到了这个情况，提供了配置的方式实现强制使用基于子类的动态代理（即cglib的方式），配置的方式有两种：</p>
<ul>
<li>使用 aop:config 标签配置<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:config</span> <span class="attr">proxy-target-class</span>=<span class="string">"true"</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li>使用 aop:aspectj-autoproxy 标签配置<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"><!--此标签是基于 XML 和注解组合配置 AOP 时的必备标签，表示 Spring 开启注解配置 AOP 的支持--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:aspectj-autoproxy</span> <span class="attr">proxy-target-class</span>=<span class="string">"true"</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">aop:aspectj-autoproxy</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="XML-注解方式"><a href="#XML-注解方式" class="headerlink" title="XML + 注解方式"></a>XML + 注解方式</h2><p>XML 中开启 Spring 对注解 AOP 的支持</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:aspectj-autoproxy</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Java 代码示例</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Component</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Aspect</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">LogUtils</span> {</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Pointcut("execution(* com.lagou.edu.service..*.*(..))")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">pointCut</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Before("pointCut()")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">beforeMethod</span><span class="params">(JoinPoint joinPoint)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (Object arg : args) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(arg);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"业务逻辑之前..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@AfterReturning(value = "pointCut()", returning = "result")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">afterMethod</span><span class="params">(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (Object arg : args) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(arg);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"业务逻辑之后..."</span> + result);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@AfterThrowing("pointCut()")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">exceptionMethod</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"业务逻辑异常..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@After("pointCut()")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">finalMethod</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"业务逻辑结束..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Around("pointCut()")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> Object <span class="title function_">aroundMethod</span><span class="params">(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object result;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> Object[] args = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的前置通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed(args);</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的后置通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">catch</span> (Throwable e) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的异常通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">RuntimeException</span>(e);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">finally</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"环绕通知的最终通知..."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> result;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="注解方式"><a href="#注解方式" class="headerlink" title="注解方式"></a>注解方式</h2><p>在使用注解驱动开发 aop 时，是用注解替换掉配置文件中的下面这行配置</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">aop:aspectj-autoproxy</span>/></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在配置类中使用如下注解替换上述配置</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@EnableAspectJAutoProxy</span> <span class="comment">//开启spring对注解AOP的支持</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">SpringConfig</span> {</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://blog.990304.xyz">我想打游戏</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://blog.990304.xyz/655d86b3.html">https://blog.990304.xyz/655d86b3.html</a></span></div><div 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class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-bullhorn fa-shake"></i><span>公告</span></div><div class="announcement_content">欢迎大家</div></div><div class="sticky_layout"><div class="card-widget" id="card-toc"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-stream"></i><span>目录</span><span class="toc-percentage"></span></div><div class="toc-content"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#AOP-%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">AOP 术语</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#AspectJ-%E5%88%87%E5%85%A5%E7%82%B9%E8%A1%A8%E8%BE%BE%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">AspectJ 切入点表达式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%94%E7%A7%8D%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">五种通知类型</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">前置通知</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%90%8E%E7%BD%AE%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">后置通知</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5"><span class="toc-number">3.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">异常通知</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%9C%80%E7%BB%88%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5"><span class="toc-number">3.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">最终通知</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%8E%AF%E7%BB%95%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5"><span class="toc-number">3.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">环绕通知</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Spring-AOP-%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用 Spring AOP 的方式</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#XML-%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">4.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">XML 方式</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#xml-%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E5%A4%B4"><span class="toc-number">4.1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">xml 文件头</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%A8%AA%E5%88%87%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91-bean"><span class="toc-number">4.1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">配置横切逻辑 bean</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-aop-config-%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%BE%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B-aop-%E7%9A%84%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">4.1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用 aop:config 标签开始 aop 的配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%94%B9%E5%8F%98%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E7%9A%84%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">4.1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">改变代理方式的配置</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#XML-%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">4.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">XML + 注解方式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">4.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">注解方式</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/6e9746c4.html" title="CentOS 安装翰高数据库"><img src="https://s2.loli.net/2023/03/13/UucfkBIRYxCd7Tm.png" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="CentOS 安装翰高数据库"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" 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