diff --git a/src/constants/constant.js b/src/constants/constant.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb16870
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/constants/constant.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export const eventTypes = ["click", "focus", "mouseover", "keydown"];
diff --git a/src/lib/createElement.js b/src/lib/createElement.js
index 5d39ae7..f7d8db7 100644
--- a/src/lib/createElement.js
+++ b/src/lib/createElement.js
@@ -1,5 +1,49 @@
-import { addEvent } from "./eventManager";
+// import { addEvent } from "./eventManager";
 
-export function createElement(vNode) {}
+export function createElement(vNode) {
+  if (vNode == null || typeof vNode === "boolean" || vNode === undefined) {
+    return document.createTextNode("");
+  }
 
-function updateAttributes($el, props) {}
+  if (typeof vNode === "string" || typeof vNode === "number") {
+    return document.createTextNode(vNode);
+  }
+
+  if (Array.isArray(vNode)) {
+    const fragement = document.createDocumentFragment();
+
+    vNode.forEach((child) => {
+      const childNode = createElement(child);
+      fragement.appendChild(childNode);
+    });
+    return fragement;
+  }
+
+  const $el = document.createElement(vNode.type);
+  updateAttributes($el, vNode.props);
+  if (vNode.children) {
+    vNode.children.forEach((child) => {
+      const childNode = createElement(child);
+      $el.appendChild(childNode);
+    });
+  } else {
+    $el.appendChild(createElement(vNode.children));
+  }
+
+  return $el;
+}
+
+function updateAttributes($el, props) {
+  if (!props) return;
+
+  Object.entries(props).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+    if (key === "className") {
+      $el.setAttribute("class", value);
+    } else if (key.startsWith("on")) {
+      const eventType = key.slice(2).toLowerCase(); // 예: onClick -> click
+      $el.addEventListener(eventType, value); // 이벤트 핸들러 등록
+    } else {
+      $el.setAttribute(key, value); // 일반 속성 처리
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/createVNode.js b/src/lib/createVNode.js
index 9991337..6c41800 100644
--- a/src/lib/createVNode.js
+++ b/src/lib/createVNode.js
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
-export function createVNode(type, props, ...children) {
-  return {};
+export function createVNode(type, props = {}, ...children) {
+  return {
+    type,
+    props,
+    children: children.flat(Infinity).filter((child) => child || child === 0),
+  };
 }
diff --git a/src/lib/eventManager.js b/src/lib/eventManager.js
index 24e4240..9450d83 100644
--- a/src/lib/eventManager.js
+++ b/src/lib/eventManager.js
@@ -1,5 +1,57 @@
-export function setupEventListeners(root) {}
+import { eventTypes } from "../constants/constant";
 
-export function addEvent(element, eventType, handler) {}
+const eventMap = new Map();
 
-export function removeEvent(element, eventType, handler) {}
+export function setupEventListeners(root) {
+  eventTypes.forEach((eventType) => {
+    root.addEventListener(eventType, (event) => {
+      const target = event.target;
+
+      for (const [element, handlers] of eventMap.entries()) {
+        if (element === target || element.contains(target)) {
+          const eventTypeHandlers = handlers.get("click");
+          if (eventTypeHandlers) {
+            eventTypeHandlers.forEach((handler) => handler(event));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+export function addEvent(element, eventType, handler) {
+  if (!eventMap.has(element)) {
+    eventMap.set(element, new Map());
+  }
+
+  const handlers = eventMap.get(element);
+  if (!handlers.has(eventType)) {
+    handlers.set(eventType, []);
+  }
+
+  const handlerList = handlers.get(eventType);
+  if (!handlerList.includes(handler)) {
+    handlerList.push(handler);
+  }
+}
+
+export function removeEvent(element, eventType, handler) {
+  if (!eventMap.has(element)) return;
+
+  const handlers = eventMap.get(element);
+  if (handlers.has(eventType)) {
+    const handlerList = handlers.get(eventType);
+    const index = handlerList.indexOf(handler);
+
+    if (index !== -1) {
+      handlerList[index] = null;
+      handlerList.splice(index, 1);
+    }
+    if (handlerList.length === 0) {
+      handlers.delete(eventType);
+      if (handlers.size === 0) {
+        eventMap.delete(element);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/normalizeVNode.js b/src/lib/normalizeVNode.js
index 7dc6f17..5e29d30 100644
--- a/src/lib/normalizeVNode.js
+++ b/src/lib/normalizeVNode.js
@@ -1,3 +1,21 @@
 export function normalizeVNode(vNode) {
-  return vNode;
+  if (typeof vNode === "number" || typeof vNode === "string") {
+    return String(vNode);
+  }
+  if (vNode === null || vNode === undefined || typeof vNode === "boolean") {
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  if (typeof vNode.type === "function") {
+    return normalizeVNode(
+      vNode.type({ ...vNode.props, children: vNode.children }),
+    );
+  }
+  return {
+    ...vNode,
+    children: vNode.children
+      .filter((child) => child || child === 0)
+      .map((child) => normalizeVNode(child))
+      .filter((child) => child !== ""),
+  };
 }
diff --git a/src/lib/renderElement.js b/src/lib/renderElement.js
index 0429572..9af12aa 100644
--- a/src/lib/renderElement.js
+++ b/src/lib/renderElement.js
@@ -3,8 +3,19 @@ import { createElement } from "./createElement";
 import { normalizeVNode } from "./normalizeVNode";
 import { updateElement } from "./updateElement";
 
+const vDom = new WeakMap();
+
 export function renderElement(vNode, container) {
-  // 최초 렌더링시에는 createElement로 DOM을 생성하고
-  // 이후에는 updateElement로 기존 DOM을 업데이트한다.
-  // 렌더링이 완료되면 container에 이벤트를 등록한다.
+  const newVNode = normalizeVNode(vNode);
+
+  if (!vDom.has(container)) {
+    const element = createElement(newVNode);
+    container.appendChild(element);
+  } else {
+    const oldVNode = vDom.get(container);
+    updateElement(container, newVNode, oldVNode);
+  }
+
+  setupEventListeners(container);
+  vDom.set(container, newVNode);
 }
diff --git a/src/lib/updateElement.js b/src/lib/updateElement.js
index ac32186..e082ff1 100644
--- a/src/lib/updateElement.js
+++ b/src/lib/updateElement.js
@@ -1,6 +1,89 @@
 import { addEvent, removeEvent } from "./eventManager";
 import { createElement } from "./createElement.js";
 
-function updateAttributes(target, originNewProps, originOldProps) {}
+function updateAttributes(target, originNewProps = {}, originOldProps = {}) {
+  if (originOldProps) {
+    Object.keys(originOldProps).forEach((key) => {
+      if (key.startsWith("on")) {
+        const eventType = key.slice(2).toLowerCase();
+        const oldHandler = originOldProps[key];
 
-export function updateElement(parentElement, newNode, oldNode, index = 0) {}
+        if (typeof oldHandler === "function") {
+          removeEvent(target, eventType, oldHandler);
+          originOldProps[key] = null;
+        }
+      } else if (!(key in originNewProps)) {
+        target.removeAttribute(key);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (originNewProps) {
+    Object.entries(originNewProps).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+      const oldValue = originOldProps[key];
+      if (key === "className") {
+        if (value !== oldValue) {
+          target.className = value;
+        }
+      } else if (key.startsWith("on")) {
+        const eventType = key.slice(2).toLowerCase();
+        if (value !== oldValue) {
+          if (typeof oldValue === "function") {
+            removeEvent(target, eventType, oldValue);
+          }
+          if (value) {
+            addEvent(target, eventType, value);
+          } else {
+            target.removeEventListener(eventType, oldValue);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (key === "style" && typeof value === "object") {
+        Object.assign(target.style, value);
+      } else if (value !== oldValue) {
+        target.setAttribute(key, value);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+export function updateElement(parentElement, newNode, oldNode, index = 0) {
+  if (!newNode && oldNode) {
+    parentElement.removeChild(parentElement.childNodes[index]);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (newNode && !oldNode) {
+    const newElement = createElement(newNode);
+    parentElement.append(newElement);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (typeof newNode === "string" && typeof oldNode === "string") {
+    if (newNode != oldNode) {
+      parentElement.childNodes[index].textContent = newNode;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (newNode.type !== oldNode.type) {
+    const newElement = createElement(newNode);
+    const oldElement = parentElement.childNodes[index];
+    if (oldElement) {
+      parentElement.replaceChild(newElement, parentElement.childNodes[index]);
+      return;
+    }
+    parentElement.appendChild(newElement);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const element = parentElement.childNodes[index];
+  const newChildren = newNode.children;
+  const oldChildren = oldNode.children;
+  const maxLength = Math.max(newChildren.length, oldChildren.length);
+
+  updateAttributes(element, newNode.props, oldNode.props);
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < maxLength; i++) {
+    updateElement(element, newChildren[i], oldChildren[i], i);
+  }
+}