diff --git a/examples/2_Intermediate/stage_two_optimization_jax.py b/examples/2_Intermediate/stage_two_optimization_jax.py
index 06936c3a7..e1f13d8a0 100644
--- a/examples/2_Intermediate/stage_two_optimization_jax.py
+++ b/examples/2_Intermediate/stage_two_optimization_jax.py
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@
 ncoils = 4
 
 # Major radius for the initial circular coils:
-R0 = 1.0
+R0 = 1.5
 
 # Minor radius for the initial circular coils:
-R1 = 0.5
+R1 = 1.0
 
 # Number of Fourier modes describing each Cartesian component of each coil:
 order = 5
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 # Weight on the curve lengths in the objective function. We use the `Weight`
 # class here to later easily adjust the scalar value and rerun the optimization
 # without having to rebuild the objective.
-LENGTH_WEIGHT = Weight(1e-8)
+LENGTH_WEIGHT = Weight(1e-10)
 
 # Threshold and weight for the coil-to-coil distance penalty in the objective function:
 CC_THRESHOLD = 0.1
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
 MSC_WEIGHT = 1e-6
 
 # Weight for the Coil Coil forces term
-FORCES_WEIGHT = 1e-14  # Forces are in Newtons, and typical values are ~10^5, 10^6 Newtons
+FORCES_WEIGHT = 1e-12  # Forces are in Newtons, and typical values are ~10^5, 10^6 Newtons
 # And this term weights the NetForce^2 ~ 10^10-10^12 
 
 # Number of iterations to perform:
diff --git a/src/simsopt/field/biotsavart.py b/src/simsopt/field/biotsavart.py
index cca7cbff0..dc5663788 100644
--- a/src/simsopt/field/biotsavart.py
+++ b/src/simsopt/field/biotsavart.py
@@ -554,13 +554,36 @@ def net_forces_squared_pure(self, curve_dofs, currents):
         # Minimize the sum of the net force magnitudes ^2 of every coil
         return jnp.sum(jnp.linalg.norm(self.coil_coil_forces_pure(curve_dofs, currents), axis=-1) ** 2)
 
-class CoilCoilNetForces(Optimizable):
-    r"""
-    CurveLength is a class that computes the length of a curve, i.e.
+    def coil_coil_torques_pure(self, curve_dofs, currents):
+        """
+        T = mu0 / 4pi * \oint_{C_1} \oint_{C_2} (dl_2 x r_12)(dl1 * r_12)/|r_12|^3
+        """
+        eps = 1e-20  # small number to avoid blow up in the denominator when i = j
+        gammas = self.get_gammas(curve_dofs)
+        gammadashs = self.get_gammadashs(curve_dofs)
+        Ii_Ij = (currents[None, :] * currents[:, None])[:, :, None]
+        # gamma and gammadash are shape (ncoils, nquadpoints, 3)
+        r_ij = gammas[None, :, None, :, :] - gammas[:, None, :, None, :]  # Note, do not use the i = j indices
+        gammadash_prod = jnp.sum(gammadashs[None, :, None, :, :] * gammadashs[:, None, :, None, :], axis=-1) 
+        rij_norm3 = jnp.linalg.norm(r_ij + eps, axis=-1) ** 3
 
-    .. math::
-        J = \int_{\text{curve}}~dl.
+        # Double sum over each of the closed curves
+        T = Ii_Ij * jnp.sum(jnp.sum((gammadash_prod / rij_norm3)[:, :, :, :, None] * r_ij, axis=3), axis=2)
+        net_forces = -jnp.sum(T, axis=1) * 1e-7 / jnp.shape(gammas)[1] ** 2
+        return net_torques
+    
+    def net_torques_squared_pure(self, curve_dofs, currents):
+        # Minimize the sum of the net force magnitudes ^2 of every coil
+        return jnp.sum(jnp.linalg.norm(self.coil_coil_torques_pure(curve_dofs, currents), axis=-1) ** 2)
+
+    def coil_coil_torques(self):
+        r"""
+        This function implements the curvature, :math:`\kappa(\varphi)`.
+        """
+        return self.coil_coil_torques_pure(self.get_curve_dofs(), self.get_currents())
 
+class CoilCoilNetForces(Optimizable):
+    r"""
     """
     def __init__(self, biot_savart):
         self.biot_savart = biot_savart
@@ -594,4 +617,41 @@ def dJ(self):
         current_derivs = [coils[i].current.vjp(np.array([dF_by_dcurrents[i]])) for i in range(len(coils))]
         return sum(curve_derivs + current_derivs)
 
+    return_fn_map = {'J': J, 'dJ': dJ}
+
+class CoilCoilNetTorques(Optimizable):
+    r"""
+    """
+    def __init__(self, biot_savart):
+        self.biot_savart = biot_savart
+        self.grad_curvedofs = jit(jacfwd(self.biot_savart.net_torques_squared_pure, argnums=0))
+        self.grad_currents = jit(jacfwd(self.biot_savart.net_torques_squared_pure, argnums=1))
+        super().__init__(depends_on=[biot_savart])
+
+    def J(self):
+        """
+        This returns the value of the quantity.
+        """
+        return self.biot_savart.net_torques_squared_pure(
+            self.biot_savart.get_curve_dofs(), 
+            self.biot_savart.get_currents()
+        )
+
+    @derivative_dec
+    def dJ(self):
+        """
+        This returns the derivative of the quantity with respect to the curve dofs.
+        """
+        dT_by_dcurvedofs = self.grad_curvedofs(
+            self.biot_savart.get_curve_dofs(), 
+            self.biot_savart.get_currents())
+        dT_by_dcurrents = self.grad_currents(
+            self.biot_savart.get_curve_dofs(), 
+            self.biot_savart.get_currents())
+                
+        coils = self.biot_savart._coils
+        curve_derivs = [Derivative({coils[i].curve: dT_by_dcurvedofs[i]}) for i in range(len(dT_by_dcurvedofs))]
+        current_derivs = [coils[i].current.vjp(np.array([dT_by_dcurrents[i]])) for i in range(len(coils))]
+        return sum(curve_derivs + current_derivs)
+
     return_fn_map = {'J': J, 'dJ': dJ}
\ No newline at end of file