JVM Performance Benchmark Results for ImageJ on ARM64 macOS

[cecilyen]

I found the following article link to be very interesting. It benchmarks various JVM implementations and identifies Oracle's Graal JVM as the fastest under CentOS 8.2, with a Skylake CPU and 8GB RAM. Inspired by this, I decided to conduct my own tests to determine the fastest JVM for ImageJ on macOS with the ARM64 architecture.

Here are my hardware specifications:
macOS 13.4
M2 Max
32GB RAM

The ImageJ versions I used are:
IJ2 2.9.0
IJ 1.54e

To identify the JVMs version 11 with ARM64 support on macOS, I searched through https://sdkman.io/jdks. I found seven available JVMs:
Amazon JDK 11 link
Oracle JDK CE 11 22.3.1 link
BellSoft JDK JDK 11.0.19+7 link
SAP JDK 11.0.19 link
IBM JDK 11.0.19.0 link
Eclipse (Adoptium) JDK 11.0.19+7 link
Azul JDK 11.0.19+7 (same as brew) link

I tested each JDK by copying it to Fiji.app/Jave and running your launcher command to verify the JVM. Then, I ran the Benchmark in Fiji and recorded the completion times:

Azul: 1st=8.9s, 2nd=7.9s, 3rd=7.8s, Avg=8.2s
Eclipse: 1st=8.8s, 2nd=8.0s, 3rd=7.9s, Avg=8.23s
SAP: 1st=8.8s, 2nd=7.9s, 3rd=8.1s, Avg=8.27s
BellSoft: 9.3s
Amazon: 9.6s
Oracle: 9.8s
IBM: 10.4s

Based on these results, I found that Azul, Eclipse, and SAP are the top performers, with Azul being marginally faster.