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Multi-Transcoding Sample

Overview

Multi-Transcoding Sample works with Intel® Media SDK (hereinafter referred to as "SDK")

It demonstrates how to use SDK API to create a console application that performs the transcoding (decoding and encoding) of a video stream from one compressed video format to another, with optional video processing (resizing) of uncompressed video prior to encoding. The application supports multiple input and output streams meaning it can execute multiple transcoding sessions concurrently.

The main goal of this sample is to demonstrate CPU/GPU balancing in order to get maximum throughput on Intel® hardware-accelerated platforms (with encoding support). This is achieved by running several transcoding pipelines in parallel and fully loading both CPU and GPU.

This sample also demonstrates integration of user-defined functions for video processing (picture rotation plug-in) into SDK transcoding pipeline.

This version of sample also demonstrates surface type neutral transcoding (opaque memory usage).

The sample is able to work with HEVC Decoder & Encoder (hereinafter referred to as "HEVC").

Features

Multi-Transcoding Sample supports the following video formats:

Format type
input (compressed) H.264 (AVC, MVC – Multi-View Coding), MPEG-2 video, VC-1, JPEG*/Motion JPEG, HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding), VP8, VP9, AV1
output (compressed) H.264 (AVC, MVC – Multi-View Coding), MPEG-2 video, JPEG*/Motion JPEG, HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding), VP9

Hardware Requirements

See <install-folder>/Media_Samples_Guide_Linux.md.

Software Requirements

See <install-folder>/Media_Samples_Guide_Linux.md.

How to Build the Application

See <install-folder>/Media_Samples_Guide_Linux.md.

Running the Software

See <install-folder>/Media_Samples_Guide_Linux.md.

The executable file requires the following command-line switches to function properly:

Usage: sample_multi_transcode [options] [--] pipeline-description or: sample_multi_transcode [options] -par ParFile

options:

Option Description
-? Print this help and exit
-p Collect performance statistics in specified file
-timeout Set time to run transcoding in seconds
-greedy Use greedy formula to calculate number of surfaces

ParFile format:

ParFile is extension of what can be achieved by setting pipeline in the command line. For more information on ParFile format see readme-multi-transcode.md.

Option Description
-par <par_file> A parameter file is a configuration file of specific structure. It contains several command lines, each line corresponding to a single transcoding, decoding or encoding SDK session.

Pipeline description (general options):

Option Description
-i::h265|h264|mpeg2|vc1|mvc|jpeg|vp9|av1 Set input file and decoder type
-i::i420|nv12 Set raw input file and color format
-i::rgb4_frame Set input rgb4 file for compositon. File should contain just one single frame (-vpp_comp_src_h and -vpp_comp_src_w should be specified as well).
-o::h265|h264|mpeg2|mvc|jpeg|vp9|raw Set output file and encoder type
-sw|-hw|-hw_d3d11 SDK implementation to use:
-hw - platform-specific on default display adapter (default)
-hw_d3d11 - platform-specific via d3d11
-sw - software
-mfe_frames maximum number of frames to be combined in multi-frame encode pipeline 0 - default for platform will be used
-mfe_mode 0|1|2|3 multi-frame encode operation mode - should be the same for all sessions
0, MFE operates as DEFAULT mode, decided by SDK if MFE enabled
1, MFE is disabled
2, MFE operates as AUTO mode
3, MFE operates as MANUAL mode
-mfe_timeout <N> multi-frame encode timeout in milliseconds - set per sessions control
-mctf [Strength] Strength is an optional value; it is in range [0...20]
value 0 makes MCTF operates in auto mode;
Strength: integer, [0...20]. Default value is 0.Might be a CSV filename (upto 15 symbols); if a string is convertable to an integer, integer has a priority over filename
In fixed-strength mode, MCTF strength can be adjusted at framelevel;
If no Strength is given, MCTF operates in auto mode.
-robust Recover from gpu hang errors as the come (by resetting components)
-async Depth of asynchronous pipeline. default value 1
-join Join session with other session(s), by default sessions are not joined
-priority Use priority for join sessions. 0 - Low, 1 - Normal, 2 - High. Normal by default
-threads num Number of session internal threads to create
-n Number of frames to transcode
(session ends after this number of frames is reached).
In decoding sessions (-o::sink) this parameter limits number
of frames acquired from decoder.
In encoding sessions (-o::source) and transcoding sessions
this parameter limits number of frames sent to encoder.
-ext_allocator Force usage of external allocators
-sys Force usage of external system allocator
-dec::sys Set dec output to system memory
-vpp::sys Set vpp output to system memory
-vpp::vid Set vpp output to video memory
-fps <frames per second> Transcoding frame rate limit
-pe Set encoding plugin for this particular session.
This setting overrides plugin settings defined by SET clause.
-pd Set decoding plugin for this particular session.
This setting overrides plugin settings defined by SET clause.
Supported values: hevcd_sw, hevcd_hw, hevce_sw, hevce_gacc, hevce_hw, vp8d_hw, vp8e_hw, vp9d_hw, vp9e_hw, camera_hw, capture_hw, h264_la_hw, ptir_hw, hevce_fei_hw
Direct GUID number can be used as well
[-device /path/to/device] Set graphics device for processing. For example: -device /dev/dri/renderD128. If not specified, defaults to the first Intel device found on the system.

Pipeline description (encoding options):

Option Description
-b <Kbits per second> Encoded bit rate, valid for H.264, MPEG2 and MVC encoders
-bm Bitrate multiplier. Use it when required bitrate isn't fit into 16-bit
Affects following parameters: InitialDelayInKB, BufferSizeInKB, TargetKbps, MaxKbps
-f <frames per second> Video frame rate for the FRC and deinterlace options
-fe <frames per second> Video frame rate for the FRC and deinterlace options (deprecated, will be removed in next versions).
-override_decoder_framerate <framerate> Forces decoder output framerate to be set to provided value (overwriting actual framerate from decoder)
-override_encoder_framerate <framerate> Overwrites framerate of stream going into encoder input with provided value (this option does not enable FRC, it just ovewrites framerate value)
-u <usage> Target usage. Valid for H.265, H.264, MPEG2 and MVC encoders. Expected values:
veryslow (quality), slower, slow, medium (balanced), fast, faster, veryfast (speed)
-q <quality> Quality parameter for JPEG encoder; in range [1,100], 100 is the best quality
-l <numSlices> Number of slices for encoder; default value 0
-mss <maxSliceSize> Maximum slice size in bytes. Supported only with -hw and h264 codec. This option is not compatible with -l option.
-BitrateLimit:<on,off> Modifies bitrate to be in the range imposed by the SDK encoder. Setting this flag off may lead to violation of HRD conformance. The default value is OFF, i.e. bitrate is not limited. It works with AVC only.
-la Use the look ahead bitrate control algorithm (LA BRC) for H.264 encoder. Supported only with -hw option on 4th Generation Intel Core processors.
-lad <depth> Depth parameter for the LA BRC, the number of frames to be analyzed before encoding. In range [0,100].
If depth is 0 then the encoder forces the value to Max(10, 2*GopRefDist) for LA_ICQ, and to Max(40, 2*GopRefDist) otherwise.
If depth is in range [1,100] then the encoder forces the value to Max(2*GopRefDist,2*NumRefFrame,depth).
May be 1 in the case when -mss option is specified
-la_ext Use external LA plugin (compatible with h264 & hevc encoders)
-cbr Constant bitrate control
-vbr Variable bitrate control
-vcm Video Conferencing Mode (VCM) bitrate control
-hrd <KBytes> Maximum possible size of any compressed frames
-wb <Kbits per second> Maximum bitrate for sliding window
-ws Sliding window size in frames
-gop_size Size of GOP structure in frames
-dist Distance between I- or P- key frames
-num_ref Number of reference frames
-bref Arrange B frames in B pyramid reference structure
-nobref Do not use B-pyramid (by default the decision is made by library)
-bpyr Enable B pyramid
-gpb:<on,off> Enable or disable Generalized P/B frames
-CodecProfile Specifies codec profile
-CodecLevel Specifies codec level
-GopOptFlag:closed Closed gop
-GopOptFlag:strict Strict gop
-InitialDelayInKB The decoder starts decoding after the buffer reaches the initial size InitialDelayInKB, which is equivalent to reaching an initial delay of InitialDelayInKB*8000/TargetKbps ms
-MaxKbps For variable bitrate control, specifies the maximum bitrate at which the encoded data enters the Video Buffering Verifier buffer
-gpucopy::<on,off> Enable or disable GPU copy mode
-repartitioncheck::<on,off> Enable or disable RepartitionCheckEnable mode
-cqp Constant quantization parameter (CQP BRC) bitrate control method
(by default constant bitrate control method is used), should be used along with -qpi, -qpp, -qpb.
-qpi Constant quantizer for I frames (if bitrace control method is CQP). In range [1,51]. 0 by default, i.e. no limitations on QP.
-qpp Constant quantizer for P frames (if bitrace control method is CQP). In range [1,51]. 0 by default, i.e. no limitations on QP.
-qpb Constant quantizer for B frames (if bitrace control method is CQP). In range [1,51]. 0 by default, i.e. no limitations on QP.
-DisableQPOffset Disable QP adjustment for GOP pyramid-level frames
-qsv-ff Enable QSV-FF mode (deprecated)
-lowpower:<on,off> Turn this option ON to enable QSV-FF mode
-roi_file Set Regions of Interest for each frame from
-roi_qpmap Use QP map to emulate ROI for CQP mode
-extmbqp Use external MBQP map

Pipeline description (vpp options):

Option Description
-deinterlace Forces VPP to deinterlace input stream
-deinterlace::ADI Forces VPP to deinterlace input stream using ADI algorithm
-deinterlace::ADI_SCD Forces VPP to deinterlace input stream using ADI_SCD algorithm
-deinterlace::ADI_NO_REF Forces VPP to deinterlace input stream using ADI no ref algorithm
-deinterlace::BOB Forces VPP to deinterlace input stream using BOB algorithm
-detail <level> Enables detail (edge enhancement) filter with provided level(0..100)
-denoise <level> Enables denoise filter with provided level (0..100)
-FRC::PT Enables FRC filter with Preserve Timestamp algorithm
-FRC::DT Enables FRC filter with Distributed Timestamp algorithm
-FRC::INTERP Enables FRC filter with Frame Interpolation algorithm
NOTE: -FRC filters do not work with -i::sink pipelines !!!
-ec::nv12|rgb4|yuy2|nv16|p010|p210|y210|y410|p016|y216|y416 Forces encoder input to use provided chroma mode
-dc::nv12|rgb4|yuy2|p010|y210|y410|p016|y216 Forces decoder output to use provided chroma mode
NOTE: chroma transform VPP may be automatically enabled if -ec/-dc parameters are provided
-angle 180 Enables 180 degrees picture rotation user module before encoding
-opencl Uses implementation of rotation plugin (enabled with -angle option) through Intel(R) OpenCL
-w Destination picture width, invokes VPP resize
-h Destination picture height, invokes VPP resize
-field_processing t2t|t2b|b2t|b2b|fr2fr Field Copy feature
-WeightedPred::default|implicit Enables weighted prediction usage
-WeightedBiPred::default|implicit Enambles weighted bi-prediction usage
-extbrc:<on,off,implicit> Enables external BRC for AVC and HEVC encoders
-ExtBrcAdaptiveLTR:<on,off> Set AdaptiveLTR for implicit extbrc
-vpp_comp <sourcesNum> Enables composition from several decoding sessions. Result is written to the file
-vpp_comp_only <sourcesNum> Enables composition from several decoding sessions. Result is shown on screen
-vpp_comp_num_tiles <Num> Quantity of tiles for composition. if equal to 0 tiles processing ignored
-vpp_comp_dst_x X position of this stream in composed stream (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_dst_y Y position of this stream in composed stream (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_dst_h Height of this stream in composed stream (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_dst_w Width of this stream in composed stream (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_src_h Width of this stream in composed stream (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_src_w Width of this stream in composed stream (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_tile_id Tile_id for current channel of composition (should be used in decoder session)
-vpp_comp_dump Dump of VPP Composition's output into file. Valid if with -vpp_comp* options
-vpp_comp_dump <null_render> Disabling rendering after VPP Composition. This is for performance measurements
-dec_postproc Resize after decoder using direct pipe (should be used in decoder session)
-single_texture_d3d11 single texture mode for d3d11 allocator

stat logging:

Option Description
-stat <N> Output statistic every N transcoding cycles
-stat-log <name> Output statistic to the specified file (opened in append mode)
-stat-per-frame <name> Output per-frame latency values to a file (opened in append mode). The file name will be for an input session: <name>input_ID<N>.log or, for output session: output_ID<N>.log; <N> - a number of a session.

The command-line interface allows 2 usage models (which can be mixed within one parameter file):

  1. Multiple intra-session transcoding: several transcoding sessions, any number of sessions can be joined. Each session includes decoding, preprocessing (optional), and encoding.
  2. Multiple inter-session transcoding: output of a single decoding session serves as input for several encoding sessions. Either all or none of the sessions are joined. Any of the encoding sessions can optionally include preprocessing (resizing).

Below are several examples of parameter file contents.

Single intra-session transcoding:

-i::vc1 input.vc1 -async 10 -o::h264 output.h264 –n 100 –w 320 –h 240 –f 30 –b 2000 –u speed

Multiple intra-session transcoding, several sessions joined:

-i::vc1 input1.vc1 -async 10 -o::mpeg2 output1.mpeg2
-i::h264 input2.h264 -o::mpeg2 output2.mpeg2 –join
-i::h264 input3.h264 -o::mpeg2 output3.mpeg2 –join

Multiple inter-session transcoding, all sessions joined:

-i::h264 input.h264 -o::sink –join
-o::mpeg2 output1.mpeg2 -i::source –join –w 640 –h 480
-o::mpeg2 output2.mpeg2 -async 2 -u 3 -i::source -join

Mixed model:

-i::vc1 input.vc1 -async 10 -o::h264 output.h264 –n 100 –w 320 –h 240 –f 30 –b 2000 –u speed
-hw -i::h264 input.h264 -o::sink –join
-o::mpeg2 output1.mpeg2 -i::source –join –w 640 –h 480
-o::mpeg2 output2.mpeg2 -async 2 -u 3 -i::source –join

Single intra-session MVC transcoding:

-i::mvc input.mvc -async 10 -o::mvc output.mvc –n 100 –w 320 –h 240 –f 30 –b 2000 –u speed

Please, also pay attention on “Running the Software” section of <install-folder>/Media_Samples_Guide_Linux.md document where you will find important notes on backend specific usage (drm and x11).

ROI file format description

ROI file has the following format:

roi_count_frame_1;
    roi1_left1; roi1_top1; roi1_right1; roi1_bottom1; roi1_dqp1;
    roi2_left1; roi2_top1; roi2_right1; roi2_bottom1; roi2_dqp1;
roi_count_frame_2;
    roi1_left2; roi1_top2; roi1_right2; roi1_bottom2; roi1_dqp2;
    roi2_left2; roi2_top2; roi2_right2; roi2_bottom2; roi2_dqp2;
roi_count_frame_n;
    roi1_leftn; roi1_topn; roi1_rightn; roi1_bottomn; roi1_dqpn;
    roi2_leftn; roi2_topn; roi2_rightn; roi2_bottomn; roi2_dqpn;
    ...

Values are separated by semicolons. Each entry starts with a count that represents the ROI information for a single frame. The count indicates the number of (5 entry) ROI descriptions provided for the frame (up to 256 ROIs).

Example: a ROI file for a two frame stream where the first frame has two ROIs with -8 and 5 delta QP values, and the second frame includes three ROIs with -8, 8, and -4 delta QP values:

2;
    1104;592;1216;928;-8;
    1200;544;1504;848; 5;
3;
    1088;576;1200;912;-8;
    1200;528;1488;832; 8;
    944; 400;1264;512;-4;

Tips

  1. To achieve maximum throughput use –async >= 5 and the –join option when running several transcoding pipelines.
  2. If you need only one transcoding session you can avoid creating a par file and pass the arguments of this session to the application using command line. E.g.:
sample_multi_transcode -i::mpeg2 input.mpeg2 -async 10 -o::h264 output.h264
–n 100 –w 320 –h 240 –f 30 –b 2000 –u speed -p 1.perf –hw

HEVC Plugins

HEVC codec is implemented as a plugin unlike codecs such as MPEG2 and AVC. There are 3 implementations of HEVC: Hardware or GPU (HW), Software or CPU (SW) for both decode and encode and GPU-Accelerated (GACC) only for encoder.

Note 1: The HEVC SW and GACC plugins are available only in the HEVC package which is part of the Intel® Media Software Development Kit 2018. You can find the available plugins and their IDs from $MFX_ROOT/include/mfxplugin.h file.

Note 2: HW plugins for HEVC encode and decode are supported starting from 6th Generation of Intel CoreTM Processors, Intel® Xeon® E3-1200 and E3-1500 v5 Family with Intel® Processor Graphics 500 Series (codename Skylake).

Note 3: Multi-transcoding sample loads the HW HEVC plugins with HW library and SW plugins with SW library by default. You can enforce a plugin to be loaded by specifying its hexadecimal GUID or path using "-pe" parameter for encode plugins and "-pd" parameter for decode plugins. If you need to run one plugin for multiple sessions, use "set" option.

At the example below multi-transcoding sample runs HW library with HW decode and encode plugins:

sample_multi_transcode -i::h265 input.265 -o::h265 out.h265 -w 480 -h 320

The following command line loads SW lib and SW plugins:

sample_multi_transcode -i::h265 input.265 -o::h265 out.h265 -w 480 -h 320 -sw

This is an example how to use HW library with SW plugins:

sample_multi_transcode -i::h265 ../content/test_stream.265 -pd 15dd936825ad475ea34e35f3f54217a6 -o::h265 out.h265 -w 480 -h 320 -pe 2fca99749fdb49aeb121a5b63ef568f7

HW library+SW decoder+GACC encoder:

sample_multi_transcode -i::h265 ../content/test_stream.265 -pd 15dd936825ad475ea34e35f3f54217a6 -o::h265 out.h265 -w 480 -h 320 -pe e5400a06c74d41f5b12d430bbaa23d0b

Multiple intra-session transcoding with the same SW HEVC plugin is used in both cases:

set -i::h265 15dd936825ad475ea34e35f3f54217a6
-i::h265 input1.265 -o::h264 output1.264
-i::h265 input2.265 -o::mpeg2 output2.mpeg2

Multiple intra-session transcoding using set clause:

set -i::h265 /path/to/so/decoder_plugin.so
set -o::h265 /path/to/so/encoder_plugin.so
-i::h265 input1.265 -o::h264 output1.264
-i::mpeg2 input2.mpeg2 -o::h265 output2.265

Known Limitations

  • To use lookahead for HEVC encode, we need to have h264 LA plugin and the HEVC HW encode plugin, run in separate sessions. Following par file is an example of lookahead bitrate for HEVC encode:

    -i::h265 input.h265 -o::sink  -hw -async 1 -la -la_ext -bpyr -dist 8 -join
    -i::source -o::h265 output.h265 -u 4 -hw -b 500 -async 1 -bpyr -dist 8 -join
    
  • Configurations <multiple joined inter-session transcoding where one of the encoders is MPEG2> are not supported when sample application uses platform-specific SDK implementation on systems with Intel® HD Graphics 3000/2000 and 4000/2500. Application can exit with error or hang. An example of a corresponding par file is given below:

    -i::h264 input.h264 -o::sink –join
    -o::mpeg2 output1.mpeg2 -i::source –join
    -o::h264 output2.h264 -i::source –join
    

    Systems with Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics, Intel® Iris™ Graphics and Intel® HD Graphics 4200+ Series are free from this limitation.

  • Picture rotation sample plug-ins do not swap view order in the pipeline with MVC encoder. This should be considered if viewing of the output video is involved.

  • In case of using HEVC plugin (h265 video type), plugin type (hardware or software) used by default is set depending on -sw or -hw sample options. However, hardware HEVC plugins work on specific platforms only. To force usage of specific HEVC plugin implementation, please use -pe and -pd options with proper plugin GUID.

  • SW HEVC plugin in 10bit mode cannot be used together with HW library VPP. Although library allows that, this is bad practice because additional per-pixel data shift is required. Please use HW HEVC + HW library or SW HEVC + SW library instead.

  • Sample may crash if composition filter is used with more than 10 sources (because of limitations in MSDK library).

  • -timeout option set in command line together with par file name may work incorrectly. Please use -timeout option set inside par file instead.

  • Sample may not function properly on systems that have a non-Intel VGA controller as the first (primary) because Intel device is not first in the list.

    To workaround this issue, swap names of DRI device files:

    $ cd /dev && mv card0 tmp && mv card1 card0 && mv tmp card1

    and do the same for the files control64/65 and renderD128/129

  • In case of inter-session transcoding (with separate decoding and encoding sessions) -n option should be set both for sessions to get exact number of output frames.

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