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Introduction

This implementation of motion activated lighting implements a finite state machine to ensure that MotionLights do not interfere with the rest of your home automation setup.

Lighting SM State Diagram

Requirements

Motion lights have the following requirements (R) that I discussed in detail on my blog.

  1. turn on when motion is detected
  2. turn off when no motion is detected after some timeout
  3. Do not interfere with manually activated lights (tricky and less than obvious)

That last one can be separated into the following two requirements:

  • (3.1) A light that is already on should not be affected by time outs.
  • (3.2) A light that is switched on within the time-out period should have its timer cancelled, and therefore stay on.

This component is by far the most elegant solution I have found for this problem.

Breaking Changes

The application was converted to a native Home Assistant component. Appdaemon is no longer required. To receive future updates, update your HA configuration by adding the lightingsm top-level configuration key and inside a list of motion lights as shown in the examples below.

Configuration

The app is quite configurable. In its most basic form, you can define the following.

Configuration Description
sensor entities Used as triggers. When these entities turn on, your control entities will be switched on
control entities The entities you wish to switch on and off depending on sensor entity states.
state entities Unless you wish to use scenes, you need not worry about state entities. Essentially, they allow you to define specific entities that will be used for state observation in cases where control entities do not supply a usable state. Optional.
override entities The entities used to override the entire lightingsm logic. Optional.

Basic Configuration

MotionLight needs sensors to monitor (such as motion detectors, binary switches, doors, etc) as well as an entity to control (such as a light).

lightingsm:
  motion_light:
    sensor: binary_sensor.living_room_motion  # required, [sensors]
    entity: light.table_lamp                  # required, [entity,entities,entity_on]
    delay: 300                                # optional, overwrites default delay of 180s

Note: The top-level domain key lightingsm will be omitted in the following examples.

Using Time Constraints

You may wish to constrain at what time of day your motion lights are activated. You can use the start_time and end_time parameters for this.

motion_light:
  sensor: binary_sensor.living_room_motion
  entity: light.table_lamp
  start_time: '00:00:00'                # required
  end_time: '00:30:00'                  # required

Time values relative to sunset/sunrise are supported and use the following syntax:

motion_light_sun:
  sensor: binary_sensor.living_room_motion
  entity: light.table_lamp
  start_time: sunset - 00:30:00                # required
  end_time: sunrise + 00:30:00                 # required

Home Assistant State Entities

Since v1.1.0, the app creates and updates entities representing the motion light itself. Beyond basic state (e.g. active, idle, disabled, etc.), this provides additional state attributes as shown below.

HASS Entity State Attributes 1 HASS Entity State Attributes 2 HASS Entity State Attributes 3

These can be referenced in various sensor and automation configurations.

Overrides

You can define entities who block the motion light from turning on if those entities are in any defined on state. This allows you to enable/disable your app based on environmental conditions such as "when I am watching TV" or "when the train is late" (seriously...).

override_example:
  sensor: 
    - binary_sensor.lounge_motion
    - binary_sensor.lounge_motion_2
  entities:
    - light.tv_led
    - light.lounge_lamp
  delay: 5
  overrides:
    - media_player.tv
    - input_boolean.bedroom_motion_trigger

Note: input_booleans can be controlled in automations via the input_boolean.turn_on, input_boolean.turn_off and input_boolean.toggle services. This allows you to enable/disable your app based on automations! Services will be implemented in the future such as lightingsm/enable for a specific entity_id.

Night Mode

Night mode allows you to use slightly different parameters at night. The use case for this is that you may want to use a shorter delay interval or a dimmed brightness level at night (see Specifying Custom Service Call Parameters under Advanced Configuration for details).

motion_light:
  sensor: binary_sensor.living_room_motion
  entity_on: light.tv_led
  delay: 300
  service_data:
    brightness: 80
  night_mode:
    delay: 60
    service_data:
      brightness: 20
    start_time: '22:00:00'                  # required
    end_time: '07:00:00'                    # required

Support for different sensor types

There are two types of motion sensors:

  1. Sends a signal when motion happens (instantaneous event)
  2. Sends a signal when motion happens, stays on for the duration of motion and sends an off signal when motion supposedly ceases. (duration)

By default, the app assumes you have a Type 1 motion sensor (event based), these are more useful in home automation because they supply raw, unfiltered and unprocessed data. No assumptions are made about how the motion event data will be used.

In the future, there will be support for listening to HA events as well, which means the need to create 'dummy' binary_sensors for motion sensors is removed.

If your sensor emits both on and off signals, then add sensor_type_duration: True to your configuration. This can be useful for motion sensors, door sensors and locks (not an exhaustive list).

Control entities are turned off when the following events occur (whichever happens last)

  • the timer expires and sensor is off
  • the sensor state changes to off and timer already expired

Advanced Configuration

Specifying Custom Service Call Parameters

Any custom service_data defined in the app configuration will be passed to the turn_on call of the control entities. Simply add a service_data field to the root or night_mode fields to pass custom service parameters along.

Exponential Backoff

Enabling the backoff option will cause delay timeouts to increase exponentially by a factor of backoff_factor up until a maximum timeout value of backoff_max is reached. The graph below shows the relationship between number of sensor triggers and timeout values for the shown parameters.

delay = 60
backoff_factor = 1.1

Backoff Graph

Calling custom scripts

You may want to call different entities for the turn_on and turn_off call. This is the case when using custom scripts. You can define entity_on and entity_off. The app will call the turn_on service on both and observe the state using entity. (You can pass along custom service_data as well to give script inputs.)

motion_light:
  sensor: binary_sensor.living_room_motion
  entity: light.led                         # required
  entity_on: script.fade_in_led             # required
  entity_off: script.fade_out_led           # required if `turn_off` does not work on `entity_on`

State Entities

It is possible to separate control entities and state entities. Control entities are the entities that are being turned on and off by LightingSM. State entities, on the other hand, are used to observe state. In a basic configuration, your control entities are the same as your state entities (handled internally).

The notion of separate state entities allows you to keep the entity that is being controlled separate from the one that is being observed.

Since the release of v1.0.0 and the introduction of override entities, the real use case for state_entities is difficult to define.

You can use the config key entities and state_entities to define these. For example, the configuration below will trigger based on the supplied sensors, the entities defined in entities will turn on if and only if all state_entities states are false. The control entity is a scene which does not provide useful state information as it is in scening state at all times.

(This is the only use case for state_entities I have found so far. Please let me know if there are more.)

mtn_lounge:
  sensors:
    - binary_sensor.cooking
  entities:
    - scene.cooking
  state_entities:
    - light.kitchen_led_strip
  delay: 300

Note: Using state entities can have unexpected consequences. For example, if you state entities do not overlap with control entities then your control entities will never turn off. Use this advanced feature at your own risk. If you have problems, make your state entities the same as your control entities

Customising State Strings

The following code extract shows the default state strings that were made to represent the on and off states. These defaults can be overwritten for all entity types using the configuration keys state_strings_on and state_strings_off. For more granular control, use the entity specific configuration keys shown in the code extract below.

DEFAULT_ON = ["on", "playing", "home"]
DEFAULT_OFF = ["off", "idle", "paused", "away"]
self.CONTROL_ON_STATE = config.get("control_states_on", DEFAULT_ON)
self.CONTROL_OFF_STATE = config.get("control_states_off", DEFAULT_OFF)
self.SENSOR_ON_STATE = config.get("sensor_states_on", DEFAULT_ON)
self.SENSOR_OFF_STATE = config.get("sensor_states_off", DEFAULT_OFF)
self.OVERRIDE_ON_STATE = config.get("override_states_on", DEFAULT_ON)
self.OVERRIDE_OFF_STATE = config.get("override_states_off", DEFAULT_OFF)
self.STATE_ON_STATE = config.get("state_states_on", DEFAULT_ON)
self.STATE_OFF_STATE = config.get("state_states_off", DEFAULT_OFF)

Drawing State Machine Diagrams (not supported yet in v2)

You can generate state machine diagrams that update based on the state of the motion light. These produce a file in the file system that can be targeted by file based cameras.

diagram_test:
  sensors: 
    - binary_sensor.motion_detected
  entities:
    - light.tv_led
  draw: True                                # required, default is False
  image_path: '/conf/temp'                  # optional, default shown
  image_prefix: '/fsm_diagram_'             # optional, default shown

State Meaning

State Description
idle Entity observing states, nothing else.
active Momentary, intermediate state to active_timer. You won't see this state much as all.
active_timer Control entities have been switched on and timer is running
overridden Entity is overridden by an override_entity
blocked Entities in this state wanted to turn on but were blocked because one or more state_entities are already in an on state. Entity will return to idle state once all control_entites (or state_entities, if configured) return to off state
constrained Current time is outside of start_time and end_time. Entity is inactive until start_time

Note that, unless you specifically define state_entities in your configuration, that control_entities == state_entities.

Debugging

Time constraint helpers

You can use soon and soon-after to make the time equal the current time plus 5 and 10 seconds respectively. THis is for testing.

soon_test_case:
  sensors:
    - input_boolean.sense_motion2
  entity: light.bed_light
  start_time: soon
  end_time: soon-after

About LightingSM

LightingSM is a complete rewrite of the original application (version 0), using the Python transitions library to implement a Finite State Machine. This cleans up code logic considerably due to the nature of this application architecture.

Automatic updates

Use the custom_updater component to track updates.

custom_updater:
  track:
    - components
  component_urls:
    - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/danobot/entity-controller/master/tracker.json

Contributions

All contributions are welcome, including raising issues.