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references.bib
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@book{baggett2004,
title={The Scalawags: Southern Dissenters in the Civil War and Reconstruction},
author={Baggett, James Alex},
year={2004},
publisher={LSU Press}
}
@book{mills1994,
title={Southern Loyalists in the Civil War: The Southern Claims Commission},
author={Mills, Gary B},
year={1994},
publisher={Genealogical Publishing Company}
}
@book{house1892,
title={Consolidated index of claims reported by the Commissioners of Claims to the House of Representatives from l871 to 1880},
author={United States Congress},
year={1892},
publisher={Government Printing Office}
}
@book{lee2014,
title={Claiming the Union: Citizenship in the Post-Civil War South},
author={Lee, Susanna Michele},
year={2014},
publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
@book{klingberg1955,
title={The Southern Claims Commission},
author={Klingberg, Frank Wysor},
year={1955},
publisher={University of California Press}
}
@misc{ipums,
title={Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 6.0 [Machine-readable database]},
key={Ruggles, Steven, Genadek, Katie, Goeken, Ronald, Grover, Josiah, and Matthew Sobek},
note={Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 2015}
}
@article{hinton2012,
title={Improving neural networks by preventing co-adaptation of feature detectors},
author={Hinton, Geoffrey E and Srivastava, Nitish and Krizhevsky, Alex and Sutskever, Ilya and Salakhutdinov, Ruslan R},
journal={arXiv:1207.0580},
year={2012}
}
@misc{napp2008,
title={North Atlantic Population Project: Complete Count Microdata. Version 2.2 [Machine-readable database]},
key={Minnesota Population Center},
note={Minneapolis: Minnesota Population Center, 2015}
}
@article{trelease1963,
title={Who were the Scalawags?},
author={Trelease, Allen W},
journal={The Journal of Southern History},
pages={445--468},
year={1963},
publisher={JSTOR}
}
@article{sunstein2016historical,
title={Historical explanations always involve counterfactual history},
author={Sunstein, Cass R},
journal={Journal of the Philosophy of History},
volume={10},
number={3},
pages={433--440},
year={2016},
publisher={Brill}
}
@article{ellem1972,
title={Who Were the Mississippi Scalawags?},
author={Ellem, Warren A},
journal={The Journal of Southern History},
pages={217--240},
year={1972},
publisher={JSTOR}
}
@article{olsen1966,
title={Reconsidering the Scalawags},
author={Olsen, Otto H},
journal={Civil War History},
volume={12},
number={4},
pages={304--320},
year={1966},
publisher={The Kent State University Press}
}
@article{kolchin1979,
title={Scalawags, Carpetbaggers, and reconstruction: A quantitative look at southern congressional politics, 1868-1872},
author={Kolchin, Peter},
journal={The Journal of Southern History},
pages={63--76},
year={1979},
publisher={JSTOR}
}
@article{donald1944,
title={The Scalawag in Mississippi Reconstruction},
author={Donald, David H},
journal={The Journal of Southern History},
volume={10},
number={4},
pages={447--460},
year={1944},
publisher={JSTOR}
}
@book{perman1973,
title={Reunion Without Compromise: The South and Reconstruction: 1865-1868},
author={Perman, Michael},
year={1973},
publisher={CUP Archive}
}
@book{dorris1953,
title={Pardon and Amnesty Under Lincoln and Johnson: The Restoration of the Confederates to Their Rights and Privileges, 1861-1898},
author={Dorris, Jonathan Truman},
year={1953},
publisher={University of North Carolina Press}
}
@book{scott1901,
title={The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies},
author={Scott, Robert Nicholson and Lazelle, Henry Martyn and Davis, George Breckenridge and Kirkley, Joseph William and Perry, Leslie J and Ainsworth, Fred Crayton and Moodey, John Sheldon and Cowles, Calvin Duvall},
year={1901},
publisher={U.S. Government Printing Office}
}
@book{hume2008,
title={Blacks, carpetbaggers, and scalawags: The constitutional conventions of radical reconstruction},
author={Hume, Richard L and Gough, Jerry B},
year={2008},
publisher={LSU Press}
}
@book{sharkey1967,
title={Money, Class, and Party: An Economic Study of Civil War and Reconstruction},
author={Sharkey, Robert P},
volume={77},
number={2},
year={1967},
publisher={Johns Hopkins Press}
}
@book{perman1985,
title={The road to redemption: Southern politics, 1869-1879},
author={Perman, Michael},
year={1985},
publisher={Univ of North Carolina Press}
}
@book{bensel1990,
title={Yankee Leviathan: the Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859-1877},
author={Bensel, Richard Franklin},
year={1990},
publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
@book{blaine1886,
title={Twenty Years of Congress: from Lincoln to Garfield: With a Review of the Events which Led to the Political Revolution of 1860},
author={Blaine, James Gillespie},
volume={2},
year={1886},
publisher={Henry Bill Publishing Company}
}
@book{alston1999,
title={Southern Paternalism and the American Welfare State: Economics, Politics, and Institutions in the South, 1865-1965},
author={Alston, Lee J and Ferrie, Joseph P},
year={1999},
publisher={JSTOR}
}
@book{fleming1905,
title={Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama},
author={Fleming, Walter Lynwood},
year={1905},
publisher={Arthur H. Clark}
}
@book{acemoglu2005,
title={Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy},
author={Acemoglu, Daron and Robinson, James A},
year={2005},
publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
@article{moore1966,
title={Social origins of democracy and dictatorship},
author={Moore, Barrington},
journal={Boston: Beacon},
year={1966}
}
@book{avery1881,
title={The History of the State of Georgia from 1850 to 1881: Embracing the Three Important Epochs: the Decade Before the War of 1861-5; the War; the Period of Reconstruction},
author={Avery, Isaac Wheeler},
year={1881},
publisher={AMS Press}
}
@book{fogel1964railroads,
title={Railroads and American Economic Growth},
author={Fogel, Robert William},
year={1964},
publisher={Johns Hopkins Press}
}
@article{fogel1962quantitative,
title={A quantitative approach to the study of railroads in American economic growth: a report of some preliminary findings},
author={Fogel, Robert William},
journal={The Journal of Economic History},
volume={22},
number={2},
pages={163--197},
year={1962},
publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
@article{ancestry2011,
title={Property Tax Digests, 1793-1892 [database on-line]},
year={2011},
author={Ancestry.com},
journal={Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008}
}
@book{archives1890,
title={Georgia Tax Digests},
author={Georgia Archives},
year={1890},
publisher={Georgia Archives}
}
@book{rowe1996,
title={Index to individual pardon applications from the {S}outh, 1865-1898},
author={Rowe, Carolyn McGough},
year={1996},
publisher={Pensacola, Florida : Bodree Printing}
}
@book{douthat1999,
title={Special Presidential Pardons for Confederate Soldiers: A Listing of Former Confederate Soldiers Requesting Pardon from President Andrew Johnson},
author={Douthat, James L.},
year={1999},
publisher={Signal Mountain, Tenn.: Mountain Press}
}
@book{official1865,
title={Register of Officers and Agents, Civil, Military, and Naval, in the Service of the United States, on the Thirtieth September, 1865},
author={U.S. Secretary of the Interior},
year={1865},
publisher={Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office}
}
@article{ancestry2008b,
title={U.S. IRS Tax Assessment Lists, 1862-1918 [database on-line]},
year={2008},
author={Ancestry.com},
journal={Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008}
}
@misc{house-amnesty,
title= {Final report of the names of persons engaged in rebellion who have been pardoned by the President.},
key = {House of Representatives},
note = {40th Congress, 2d Session. Ex. Doc. No. 16.},
}
@misc{tnlists,
title= {Civil War Direct Tax Assessment Lists: Tennessee},
key = {National Archives},
note = {National Archives Microfilm Publication T227, 6 rolls; Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of the Treasury, Record Group 217; The National Archives at Washington, D.C.},
}
@misc{ancestry1860census,
title={1860 United States Federal Census [database on-line]},
key = {Ancestry.com},
note={Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2009. Images reproduced by FamilySearch.
Original data: 1860 U.S. census, population schedule. NARA microfilm publication M653, 1,438 rolls. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.}
}
@misc{ancestry1870census,
title={1870 United States Federal Census [database on-line]},
key = {Ancestry.com},
note={Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2009. Images reproduced by FamilySearch.
Original data: 1870 U.S. census, population schedules. NARA microfilm publication M593, 1,761 rolls. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Minnesota census schedules for 1870. NARA microfilm publication T132, 13 rolls. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.}
}
@misc{ancestry2008,
title={Confederate Applications for Presidential Pardons, 1865-1867 [database on-line]},
key={Ancestry.com},
note={Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008. Original data: Case Files of Applications From Former Confederates for Presidential Pardons (?Amnesty Papers?) 1865-1867; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M1003, 73 rolls); Records of the Adjutant General?s Office, 1780?s-1917, Record Group 94; National Archives, Washington, D.C.}
}
@misc{slavepums,
title={Public Use Microdata Samples of the Slave Population of 1850-1860},
key={Menard, Russell, Alexander, Trent, Digman, Jason, and J. David Hacker },
note={Minneapolis: Minnesota Population Center, 2004}
}
@article{goeken2011,
title={New methods of census record linking},
author={Goeken, Ron and Huynh, Lap and Lynch, TA and Vick, Rebecca},
journal={Historical methods},
volume={44},
number={1},
pages={7--14},
year={2011},
publisher={Taylor \& Francis}
}
@techreport{feigenbaum2015,
title={Automated Census Record Linking},
author={Feigenbaum, James},
year={2015},
institution={Working paper}
}
@misc{christen2013,
title={Freely extensible biomedical record linkage (FEBRL)},
key={Christen, Peter and Churches, Tim},
note={\url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/febrl/}}
}
@article{vick2011,
title={The effects of standardizing names for record linkage: Evidence from the {U}nited {S}tates and {N}orway},
author={Vick, Rebecca and Huynh, Lap},
journal={Historical Methods},
volume={44},
number={1},
pages={15--24},
year={2011},
publisher={Taylor \& Francis}
}
@inproceedings{heskes1997,
title={Practical confidence and prediction intervals for prediction tasks},
author={Heskes, T and Wiegerinck, WAJJ and Kappen, HJ},
booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 9: Proceedingss of the 1996 Conference},
year={1997},
publisher={MIT Press}
}
@article{calonico2014,
title={Robust Nonparametric Confidence Intervals for Regression-Discontinuity Designs},
author={Calonico, Sebastian and Cattaneo, Matias D and Titiunik, Rocio},
journal={Econometrica},
volume={82},
number={6},
pages={2295--2326},
year={2014},
publisher={Wiley Online Library}
}
@article{calonico2015optimal,
title={Optimal Data-Driven Regression Discontinuity Plots},
author={Calonico, Sebastian and Cattaneo, Matias D and Titiunik, Roc{\'\i}o},
journal={Journal of the American Statistical Association},
volume={110},
number={512},
pages={1753--1769},
year={2015},
publisher={Taylor \& Francis}
}
@article{cattaneo2015randomization,
title={Randomization inference in the regression discontinuity design: An application to party advantages in the U.S. Senate},
author={Cattaneo, Matias D and Frandsen, Brigham R and Titiunik, Rocio},
journal={Journal of Causal Inference},
volume={3},
number={1},
pages={1--24},
year={2015}
}
@article{imbens2011,
title={Optimal bandwidth choice for the regression discontinuity estimator},
author={Imbens, Guido and Kalyanaraman, Karthik},
journal={The Review of Economic Studies},
pages={rdr043},
year={2011},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
@article{imbens2008,
title={Regression discontinuity designs: A guide to practice},
author={Imbens, Guido W and Lemieux, Thomas},
journal={Journal of econometrics},
volume={142},
number={2},
pages={615--635},
year={2008},
publisher={Elsevier}
}
@article{neyman1923,
title={On the application of probability theory to agricultural experiments},
author={Neyman, Jerzy},
journal={Annals of Agricultural Sciences},
volume={51},
number={1},
year={1923},
note={Reprinted in \citet{splawa1990}}
}
@article{splawa1990,
title={On the application of probability theory to agricultural experiments. {E}ssay on principles. {S}ection 9},
author={Splawa-Neyman, Jerzy and Dabrowska, DM and Speed, TP and others},
journal={Statistical Science},
volume={5},
number={4},
pages={465--472},
year={1990},
publisher={Institute of Mathematical Statistics}
}
@book{anderson1997,
author = {Anderson, Joseph K. and Bearden, Susan E.},
title = {Kiowa-Comanche-Apache land opening 1901, homestead entry listing : Lawton District},
year = {1997},
publisher = {Lawton, OK: Museum of the Great Plains},
}
@book{watson1988,
author = {Watson, Larry S.},
title = {Names of the El Reno Land District, Homesteader Filings, 1902},
year = {1988},
publisher = {Guthrie, OK.: H.H. Edwards},
}
@article{caughey2011,
title={Elections and the regression discontinuity design: Lessons from close {U.S.} {H}ouse races, 1942--2008},
author={Caughey, Devin and Sekhon, Jasjeet S},
journal={Political Analysis},
volume={19},
number={4},
pages={385--408},
year={2011},
publisher={SPM-PMSAPSA}
}
@article{hyytinen2014,
title={Does Regression Discontinuity Design Work? Evidence from Random Election Outcomes},
author={Hyytinen, Ari and Meril{\"a}inen, Jaakko and Saarimaa, Tuukka and Toivanen, Otto and Tukiainen, Janne},
journal={Government Institute for Economic Research Working Papers},
number={59},
year={2014}
}
@article{ludwig2007,
title={Does Head Start Improve Children's Life Chances? Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design},
author={Ludwig, Jens and Miller, Douglas L and others},
journal={The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
volume={122},
number={1},
pages={159--208},
year={2007},
publisher={Oxford University Press}
}
@article{bohanon1998costs,
title={The costs of free land: The Oklahoma land rushes},
author={Bohanon, Cecil E and Coelho, Philip RP},
journal={The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics},
volume={16},
number={2},
pages={205--221},
year={1998},
publisher={Springer}
}
@misc{williamson2017seven,
title={Seven ways to compute the relative value of a {U.S.} dollar amount, 1774 to present},
author={Williamson, Samuel H},
note={Available at: \url{https://www.measuringworth.com/uscpi/}},
year={2017}
}
@article{carter2006,
title={Historical statistics of the United States: Millennial Edition},
author={Carter, Susan B and Gartner, Scott S and Haines, Michael R and Olmstead, Alan L and Sutch, Richard and Wright, Gavin},
year={2006},
publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
@article{steckel1994,
title={Census Manuscript Schedules Matched with Property Tax Lists: A Source of Information on Long-Term Trends in Wealth Inequality},
author={Steckel, Richard H},
journal={Historical Methods},
volume={27},
number={2},
pages={71--85},
year={1994},
publisher={Taylor \& Francis}
}
@book{foner2011,
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