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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>鲁虺在线图片编辑器 http://ps.luhui.net luhui photo editor,鲁虺PS在线版,luhui photo compiler,luhui painter,graphics editor,luhui graphics compiler,鲁虺在线PS软件,鲁虺在线PS图片（照片）处理工具_在线制作编辑图片ps精简版,免费Photoshop照片编辑器、图像和设计编辑软件|全球最好网真互动式种源文化传播交流索引平台 lǔ 鲁 huǐ 虺 wén 文 huà 化 wǎng 网</title>
<meta name="keywords" content="鲁虺在线图片编辑器,luhui painter,luhui presentation compiler,ps editor,ps在线照片编译器,photoshop editor,presentation editor,photo editor,image editor,picture editor, transparent, layers, free edit, html5 editor, canvas editor, javascript editor, online photoshop, gimp editor, effects editor, sharpen editor, blur editor, magic wand tool editor, clone tool editor, rotate, resize, photoshop online editor, online tools editor, tilt shift editor, sprites editor, keypoints editor,ps软件,在线ps compiler,鲁虺图片处理软件" />
<meta name="description" content="鲁虺在线图片编辑器，luhuiphoto editor在线图片编辑器是一个专业精简的在线ps图片照片制作处理软件工具，绿色免安装，免下载，直接在浏览器打开就可用它修正，调整和美化图像。" />
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<img class="logo" title="鲁虺搜索引擎群聚合搜索" src="./static/images/ai.gif"><section class="search" id="bt-search">
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<p align="center">本站域名luhui.net，三秒钟就能记住哦</p>
<p> </p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;"><b>开放街道地图</b><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-5">[注
1]</a></sup></span>（英语：<span lang="en"><b>O</b>pen<b>S</b>treet<b>M</b>ap</span>，<a class="mw-redirect" title="缩写" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=缩写">缩写</a>为<span lang="en"><b>OSM</b></span>）是一个建构<a title="自由内容" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=自由內容">自由内容</a>之<a title="电子地图" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=电子地图">网上地图</a><a title="虚拟社区" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=虛擬社群">协作计划</a>，目标是创造一个<a title="自由内容" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=自由內容">内容自由</a>且能让所有人编辑的世界<a class="mw-redirect" title="地图" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=地圖">地图</a>，并且让一般的移动设备有方便的导航方案。<sup id="cite_ref-GPS-inspires-DIY_6-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-GPS-inspires-DIY-6">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OpenStreetMap_About_7-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-OpenStreetMap_About-7">[6]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM项目由英国人<a class="mw-redirect" title="史蒂夫·克斯特" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=史蒂夫·克斯特">史蒂夫·克斯特</a>（Steve
Coast）创立，概念启发自<a class="mw-redirect" title="维基百科" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=維基百科">维基百科</a>网站，以及英国与其他地区私有地图资料占尽优势的状况<sup id="cite_ref-OpenStreetMapBook_8-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-OpenStreetMapBook-8">[7]</a></sup>。OSM已有超过五百万名注册用户<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a></sup>。一如维基百科等网站，OSM网站地图页有“编辑”按钮，亦有记录及修订历史。经注册的用户可以<a class="mw-redirect" title="上载" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=上載">上载</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="GPS" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=GPS">GPS</a>路径，以及取用可编辑地图的向量数据，透过使用OSM网站的在线编辑器或其他自由<a title="地理信息系统" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=地理信息系统">地理信息系统</a>软件，如<a title="JOSM" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=JOSM">JOSM</a>。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM的地图可由用户以手持<a class="mw-redirect" title="GPS" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=GPS">GPS</a>设备、<a class="mw-redirect" title="航空摄影" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=航空攝影">航空摄影</a>照片、<a title="卫星影像" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=卫星影像">卫星影像</a>、其他<a title="自由内容" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=自由內容">自由内容</a>提供。只要用户对有关区域有所认识就可参与绘制。地图的<a title="向量" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=向量">向量</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="数据" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=數據">数据</a>以<a class="mw-redirect" title="开放数据库许可" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=開放資料庫授權">开放数据库许可</a>方式许可<sup id="cite_ref-OpenStreetMapBook_8-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-OpenStreetMapBook-8">[7]</a></sup>。OSM网站由英国<a title="非营利组织" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=非營利組織">非营利组织</a><a title="开放街道地图基金会" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=開放街圖基金會">OpenStreetMap基金会</a>赞助并维持营运<sup id="cite_ref-OpenStreetMap_About_7-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-OpenStreetMap_About-7">[6]</a></sup>。</p>
<div id="toc0" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; font-size: 14.2576px; display: table;">
<input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox0" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="margin: 0px; direction: ltr; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;" name="C1" value="ON"><div class="toctitle" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr" style="text-align: center; direction: ltr;">
<h2 id="mw-toc-heading0" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border: 0px; font-size: 14.2576px; font-weight: bold; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; display: inline;">
目录</h2>
<span class="toctogglespan" style="font-size: 13.4021px;">
<label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox0" style="cursor: pointer; color: rgb(6, 69, 173);">
</label></span></div>
<ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; text-align: left; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px">
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#歷史">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">历史</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#授權">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">许可</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#年會">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">年会</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#地圖">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">地图</span></a><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; text-align: left; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#編輯地圖的軟體">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">编辑地图的软件</span></a><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; text-align: left; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#桌上或網頁版本">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4.1.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">桌上或网页版本</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#行動裝置">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4.1.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">移动设备</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#OSM的貢獻者">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">OSM的贡献者</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#地面資料調查和個人當地知識">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">地面资料调查和个人当地知识</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#政府數據">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
4.4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">政府数据</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#使用地圖">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">使用地图</span></a><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; text-align: left; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#使用地圖的軟體">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
5.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">使用地图的软件</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#人道主義援助">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
5.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">人道主义援助</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#法律層面">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">法律层面</span></a><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; text-align: left; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#許可條款">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
6.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">许可条款</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#商業資料">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
6.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">商业资料</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#OSM作業">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">OSM作业</span></a><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; text-align: left; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#資料格式">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
7.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">资料格式</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#商業服務">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
7.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">商业服务</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#类似项目">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">类似项目</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#注释">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
9</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">注释</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#参考文献">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
10</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">参考文献</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#外部連結">
<span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; color: rgb(32, 33, 34); padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">
11</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">外部链接</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="歷史">
历史</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：历史" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=1">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_(0604).jpg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_(0604).jpg/220px-Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_(0604).jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg/330px-Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg/440px-Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1339" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_(0604).jpg">
</a></div>
<a class="mw-redirect" title="史蒂夫·克斯特" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=史蒂夫·克斯特">
史蒂夫·克斯特</a>（2009）</div>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OpenStreetMap在2004年7月由<a class="mw-redirect" title="史蒂夫·克斯特" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=史蒂夫·克斯特">史蒂夫·克斯特</a>始创。2006年4月，OpenStreetMap<a title="基金会" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=基金会">基金会</a>成立，鼓励醠多自由地理数据，及其发展和分布，并向所有人提供地理数据以供使用及分享。2006年12月，<a title="雅虎" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=雅虎">雅虎</a>允许OpenStreetMap使用其<a class="mw-redirect" title="航空摄影" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=航空攝影">航空摄影</a>照片，作为编辑的根据<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a></sup>，但是有关安排已于2011年9月13日因雅虎地图API关闭而结束<sup id="cite_ref-yahoo-maps-close_11-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-yahoo-maps-close-11">[10]</a></sup>。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">2007年7月，第一届国际<a class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:State Of The Map 2007" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); background: none" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/State_Of_The_Map_2007">The
State of the Map</a>会议举行，当时OSM已经有9,000名注册用户。会议的赞助商包括<a class="mw-redirect" title="谷歌" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=谷歌">谷歌</a>，<a title="雅虎" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=雅虎">雅虎</a>及<a class="new" title="Multimap.com（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(186, 0, 0); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Multimap.com&action=edit&redlink=1">Multimap</a>。2007年12月，<a class="mw-redirect" title="牛津大学" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=牛津大學">牛津大学</a>成为第一家在其主网页采用OSM资料的大型机构。<sup id="cite_ref-geothought_12-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-geothought-12">[11]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">2008年1月，OSM地图资料可以下载至<a class="mw-redirect" title="GPS" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=GPS">GPS</a>设备，供单车用户使用。<sup id="cite_ref-systemed_13-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-systemed-13">[12]</a></sup>而于同年3月，两名创立者包括<a class="mw-redirect" title="史蒂夫·克斯特" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=史蒂夫·克斯特">史蒂夫·克斯特</a>宣布获得<a class="mw-redirect" title="创业投资" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=創業投資">创业投资</a>基金投资240万欧元，并创立了CloudMade，一家以OSM资料为基础的商业机构。<sup id="cite_ref-CloudMade2_14-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-CloudMade2-14">[13]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">2010年11月24日，<a class="mw-redirect" title="微软" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=微軟">微软</a>宣布开放<a class="mw-redirect" title="Bing" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Bing">Bing</a> Maps<a class="mw-redirect" title="航空摄影" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=航空攝影">航空摄影</a>图给OSM的贡献者作编辑地图的参考，并公布该公司聘用史蒂夫·克斯特（Steve
Coast）为Bing Mobile的专任设计工程师<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a></sup>。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
2012年，Google地图开始引入收费机制，导致一些大型网站转以使用OpenStreetMap或其他地图服务<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></sup>。苹果也终止与Google的合作，并用自设地图服务（见<a title="苹果地图" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=蘋果地圖">苹果地图</a>），取用部分<a title="TomTom" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=TomTom">TomTom</a>及OpenStreetMap数据<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a></sup>。</p>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E6.8E.88.E6.AC.8A"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="授權">
许可</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：许可" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=2">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM原以<a class="mw-redirect" title="知识共享" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=共享創意">知识共享</a>署名-相同方式共享2.0许可<sup id="cite_ref-licence_18-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-licence-18">[17]</a></sup>，目的是为促进以商业或非商业方式，使用及分发OSM的地图资料。2012年9月12日，许可方式改为Open
Data Commons的<a class="mw-redirect" title="开放数据库许可" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=開放資料庫授權">开放数据库许可</a>（Open
Database License, ODbL），OSM基金会认为有关方式较适合用于地图资料。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
在更改许可方式的过程中，部分地图资料须被移除，包括未有同意新许可协议的注册用户所加入或编辑的资料，而基于上述资料的随后编辑，亦会受到影响。移除程序于2012年7月进行，最终有超过99%的资料得以保留，惟部分国家如<a class="mw-redirect" title="澳洲" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=澳洲">澳洲</a>及<a class="mw-redirect" title="波兰" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=波蘭">波兰</a>，地图资料受到较严重的影响<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a></sup>。</p>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E5.B9.B4.E6.9C.83"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="年會">
年会</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：年会" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=3">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">自2007年起，OpenStreetMap社区开始举办国际年会：<a class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:State of the Map" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); background: none" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/State_of_the_Map">State
Of The Map</a>。</p>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg/220px-State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg/330px-State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg/440px-State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4145" data-file-height="2334" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:State_of_the_Map_Asia_2017_Conference_Poster.jpg">
</a></div>
State of the Map Asia 2017 大会海报</div>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">曾举办年会的地点如下：</p>
<ul style="list-style-image: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515'); margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2007：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="英国" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=英国">英国</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="曼彻斯特" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=曼徹斯特">曼彻斯特</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM07_21-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM07-21">[20]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2008：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="爱尔兰" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a><a title="利默里克" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=利默里克">利默里克</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM08_22-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM08-22">[21]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2009：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="荷兰" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=荷兰">荷兰</a><a title="阿姆斯特丹" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=阿姆斯特丹">阿姆斯特丹</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM09_23-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM09-23">[22]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2010：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="西班牙" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=西班牙">西班牙</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="赫罗纳" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=赫羅納">赫罗纳</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM10_24-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM10-24">[23]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2011：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" title="美国" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=美國">美国</a><a title="丹佛" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=丹佛">丹佛</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM11_25-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM11-25">[24]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2012：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="日本" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=日本">日本</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="东京" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=東京">东京</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM12_26-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM12-26">[25]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2013：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="英国" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=英国">英国</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="伯明翰" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=伯明罕">伯明翰</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM13_27-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM13-27">[26]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2014：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="阿根廷" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=阿根廷">阿根廷</a><a title="布宜诺斯艾利斯" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=布宜諾斯艾利斯">布宜诺斯艾利斯</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM14_28-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM14-28">[27]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2016：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="比利时" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=比利时">比利时</a><a title="布鲁塞尔" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=布鲁塞尔">布鲁塞尔</a><sup id="cite_ref-SotM16_29-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-SotM16-29">[28]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2017：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="日本" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=日本">日本</a><a class="mw-redirect" title="会津若松" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=会津若松">会津若松</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2018：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" title="意大利" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=義大利">意大利</a><a title="米兰" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=米蘭">米兰</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2019：<span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" style="border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); vertical-align: middle;"> </span><a title="德国" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=德国">德国</a><a title="海德堡" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=海德堡">海德堡</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2020：线上举行<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a></sup></li>
</ul>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.9C.96"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="地圖">
地图</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：地图" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=4">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
OSM刚起步的时候，很多地图资料都是由志愿者使用GPS追踪记录和笔记本电脑、数字相机，或者录音机，在实地探查中采集的。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
随着时间的推移，逐渐普及的航空摄影数据和其它来自商业机构或政府机关的数据也成为了重要的数据来源。这些数据可供手工写入或是进行自动导入。这大大了加快了资料采集，同时也让土地使用资料能更有效率和精确地被数字化。当前情况下，数据常常需要经过特殊的流程进行处理，以便于对自动导入过程进行控制，同时避免出现法律和技术上的问题。<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a></sup></p>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E7.B7.A8.E8.BC.AF.E5.9C.B0.E5.9C.96.E7.9A.84.E8.BB.9F.E9.AB.94">
</span><span class="mw-headline" id="編輯地圖的軟體">编辑地图的软件</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：编辑地图的软件" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=5">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OpenStreetMap的<a class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:Editors" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); background: none" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Editors">编辑器</a>页面对各类地图编辑软件有较为详细的介绍。</p>
<h4 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 15.008px; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E6.A1.8C.E4.B8.8A.E6.88.96.E7.B6.B2.E9.A0.81.E7.89.88.E6.9C.AC">
</span><span class="mw-headline" id="桌上或網頁版本">桌上或网页版本</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：桌上或网页版本" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=6">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h4>
<ul style="list-style-image: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515'); margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="ID (软件)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=ID_(軟體)">
iD</a>：浏览器内嵌的编辑器，也是当前网站的默认编辑器，适合入门的编辑者。它使用d3.js，由<a title="Mapbox" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Mapbox">Mapbox</a>编写。<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="Potlatch (软件)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Potlatch_(软件)">
Potlatch</a> 2：比较早期的地图编辑软件，基于Flash，同样内嵌于网页中。面向中端用户。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="JOSM" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=JOSM">
JOSM</a>：编辑功能比较强大的桌面软件，使用<a title="Java" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Java">Java</a>编写。比较适合高级用户。<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 302px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg/300px-Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg/450px-Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg/600px-Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="678" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg">
</a></div>
在地面资料收集后，使用<a title="JOSM" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=JOSM">JOSM</a>做地图编辑</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">除上述三个主要编辑器外，也存在一些其它编辑器。例如，为<a title="GNOME" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=GNOME">GNOME</a><a title="桌面环境" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=桌面环境">桌面环境</a>开发的、运行在许多<a title="Linux" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Linux">Linux</a><a title="操作系统" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=操作系统">操作系统</a>上的GNOME
Maps应用程序将在3.20版添加对OpenStreetMap地图的编辑功能。</p>
<h4 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 15.008px; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95.E8.A3.9D.E7.BD.AE"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="行動裝置">移动设备</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：移动设备" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=7">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h4>
<ul style="list-style-image: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515'); margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Vespucci
是第一个全功能的Android编辑器，在2009年面世。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">StreetComplete 则是另一个 Android
软件来让没有OpenStreetMap知识的用户来解答一些简单问题（<a class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:StreetComplete" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); background: none" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/StreetComplete">Quests</a>）来补充现有地图数据，如某交通灯是否有盲人声音提示。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
Maps.me则同时在iOS及Android来提供离线地图资料，并附有简单的编辑器。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Go Map!! 是全功能的iOS编辑器</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Pushpin（iOS平台）则主要让用户加入地点。</li>
</ul>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id="OSM.E7.9A.84.E8.B2.A2.E7.8D.BB.E8.80.85"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="OSM的貢獻者">OSM的贡献者</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：OSM的贡献者" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=8">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 302px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png/300px-Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="133" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png/450px-Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png/600px-Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png 2x" data-file-width="1489" data-file-height="661" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Unique_Contributors_to_OSM_Per_Month.png">
</a></div>
对OSM提供资料的用户 (月份为单位)</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 302px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg/300px-OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg/450px-OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg/600px-OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OpenStreetMap_registered_users_en.svg">
</a></div>
已注册OSM的成员</div>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
OSM有广大不同区域的用户，由于着重在收集更当地的资料和实地资料收集，早期就有很多提供OSM资料的自愿者用脚踏车来进行路道资料的收集。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a></sup>除此之外，有些精通于GIS的专家都通过Esri工具向OSM提供地图资料。<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;"><b>OSM使用率的增长</b></p>
<ul style="list-style-image: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515'); margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2008年8月：（第二次The State of the
Map会议结束之后）已有50,000名用户。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2009年3月：数目超出100,000名。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2009年12月：几乎接近200,000名。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2012年4月：用户600,000名。<sup id="cite_ref-osm-wiki-stats_38-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-osm-wiki-stats-38">[37]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2013年1月：用户达到一百万名<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a></sup>，其中约30%的用户至少都在OSM中提供了一个准确的地点。<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2019年2月：用户达到五百一十万名<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a></sup>，每天有三百万改变集。</li>
</ul>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E5.9C.B0.E9.9D.A2.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99.E8.AA.BF.E6.9F.A5.E5.92.8C.E5.80.8B.E4.BA.BA.E7.95.B6.E5.9C.B0.E7.9F.A5.E8.AD.98">
</span><span class="mw-headline" id="地面資料調查和個人當地知識">地面资料调查和个人当地知识</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：地面资料调查和个人当地知识" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=9">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg/220px-Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg/330px-Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg/440px-Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg">
</a></div>
正在使用定位器检查路线</div>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
地面道路资料调查是由地图编辑者进行收集的，他们使用的交通工具包括步行、脚踏车、轿车、机车或者船。地图上的看见的资料通常都是用GPS收集（不强制），但也有部分是使用卫星绘图所制。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
当一条道路的资料（或者一个地点）被收集完整后，它就会被上转到OSM的网站，然后被导入到OSM数据库中。在这个时刻，这笔资料无法显示它是哪一类的地图资料，比如说它可以是机车道，房子或者一条运河，所以在接下来就需要使用OSM地图编辑器（例如JOSM）来编辑已上传的资料。这两个资料采集的步骤通常都是同一个地图资料采集者完成，或者第二笔资料是后期被其他编辑者补上。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
因为资料的收集和编辑可以是两个分开的项目，所以就算没有GPS，也能在OSM上添加任何地图资料。还有一点就是类似学校，医院，酒吧，公车站等的地点，就需要依靠编辑者的个人当地知识的了解。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
在OSM地图资料的贡献中，有些热忱的地图编辑者会认领完成整个小镇或者是一个城市在OSM中标记，也有一些成员会组织地图编辑会，集和大家的力量来完成一个区域在OSM中的标记。相对之下比较大部分的OSM用户都分散对区域性较小的资料调试工作做出贡献。</p>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E6.94.BF.E5.BA.9C.E6.95.B8.E6.93.9A"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="政府數據">政府数据</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：政府数据" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=10">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
一些政府机构会以适当的授权发布的官方数据，从而可被OpenStreetMap所使用。其中有相当一部分来源于美国，因为美国联邦政府的作品均处于<a title="公有领域" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=公有领域">公有领域</a>中。<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">在美国，OSM使用的卫星图像来自Landsat 7，NOAA的Prototype
Global Shoreline和Census的TIGER。在英国，OSM使用了一些Ordance
Survey的开放资料，而在加拿大，OSM使用的是NRCan的Canvec中的地图向量资料，然后使用GeoBase来提供土地区域和街道。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
不受著作权保护而资料并没有太大变动的地图均可以成为OSM中的良好数据源，被著作权保护的资料则情况不一。例如，英国的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Crown Copyright" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crown Copyright"><span class="ilh-page"><a class="new" original-title="Crown Copyright（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 122, 94); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Crown_Copyright&action=edit&redlink=1">Crown
Copyright</a></span></span>有50年的著作权期限，因此20世纪60年代以前的<a class="mw-redirect" title="英国地形测量局" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=英国地形测量局">英国地形测量局</a>地图均可被OSM合法使用。英国自20世纪40年代晚期至50年代早期的完整的1英寸/英里地图已被收集、扫描并上传而在线可用，供地图贡献者们使用。</p>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E5.9C.B0.E5.9C.96"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="使用地圖">使用地图</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：使用地图" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=11">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E5.9C.B0.E5.9C.96.E7.9A.84.E8.BB.9F.E9.AB.94">
</span><span class="mw-headline" id="使用地圖的軟體">使用地图的软件</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：使用地图的软件" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=12">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Soho_-_map_1.png">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soho_-_map_1.png/220px-Soho_-_map_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soho_-_map_1.png/330px-Soho_-_map_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soho_-_map_1.png/440px-Soho_-_map_1.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="525" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:Soho_-_map_1.png">
</a></div>
伦敦街道在OSM的Mapnik层中显示</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho,_London.png">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho,_London.png/220px-MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho,_London.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho%2C_London.png/330px-MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho%2C_London.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho%2C_London.png/440px-MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho%2C_London.png 2x" data-file-width="689" data-file-height="498" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:MapBox_Streets_example_of_a_map_of_Soho,_London.png">
</a></div>
OSM在Mapbox图中显示伦敦街道层</div>
</div>
</div>
<dl style="margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<dt style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a class="mw-redirect" title="浏览器" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=瀏覽器">
浏览器</a></dt>
<dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">
使用OSM最普遍的软件，现代的浏览器都能通过HTTP协议来使用OSM。</dd>
</dl>
<dl style="margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<dt style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.1em;">GNOME Maps</dt>
<dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">
前端由Javascript所编写，推出的时候被包含在GNOME
3.10里。目前它主要的服务是通过GeoClude的技术，查询地图用户的所在地，而对于大量的的查询，它也能返回各个相对的可能地址。</dd>
</dl>
<dl style="margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<dt style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="Marble (KDE)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Marble_(KDE)">
Marble</a></dt>
<dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">
Marble是由KDE所开发的虚拟地球软件。</dd>
</dl>
<dl style="margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<dt style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.1em;">FoxtrotGPS</dt>
<dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">
FoxtrotGPS是一个GTK+界面的地图观看器，比较适用于平板上的手指点击。<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a></sup>目前在SHR和Debian的软件库都能找到。<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a></sup></dd>
</dl>
<dl style="margin-top: 0.2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
<dt style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Emerillon</dt>
<dd style="margin-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-right: 0px;">
另一个GTK+界面的地图查看器。<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a></sup></dd>
</dl>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OpenStreetMap网站的地图界面是基于Javascript库中的<a title="Leaflet" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Leaflet">Leaflet</a>界面所开发，叫做Slippy
Map（Slippy Map之前的界面开发是基于Open Layers）。Slippy
Map地图中的显示的区块是使用Mapnik引擎所绘制，而有些区块的绘制则是来自不同的引擎，包括OpenCycleMap.org或者MapQuestOpen。如果预先下载好需要的地图资料，Mapnik也能提供离线地图的使用。<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OpenStreetMap有维护在线和离线路线选择引擎的名单，比如说Open
Source Routing Machine。<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a></sup>而OSM资料对于路由的路线选择的学者们非常热门，当然也提供给开源项目或者是商业公司来构建路线选择的应用（或者其他不同的应用）。</p>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E4.BA.BA.E9.81.93.E4.B8.BB.E7.BE.A9.E6.8F.B4.E5.8A.A9">
</span><span class="mw-headline" id="人道主義援助">人道主义援助</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：人道主义援助" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=13">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-size: small; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: 0.8em;">
参见：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Crisis mapping" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crisis mapping"><span class="ilh-page"><a class="new" original-title="Crisis mapping（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 122, 94); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Crisis_mapping&action=edit&redlink=1">Crisis
mapping</a></span></span>、<a title="聪明行动族" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=聰明行動族">聪明行动族</a>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Ushahidi" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ushahidi"><span class="ilh-page"><a class="new" original-title="Ushahidi（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 122, 94); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Ushahidi&action=edit&redlink=1">Ushahidi</a></span></span></div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">在2010海地大地震后两天，OpenStreetMap和Crisis
Commons的志愿者使用卫星映像在OSM补充了海地Port-au
Price区域的道路、建筑物和避难营的标记，后来更使OSM成为“最齐全的海地数字地图”。<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_49-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-nytimes-49">[48]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-forbes_50-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-forbes-50">[49]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
在海地地图绘制完成后，不少世界各地的组织开始使用OSM的海地地图来进行援助工作，这些组织有世界银行，欧洲联合佣金研究中心，联合国指挥部，联合国救援队等其他组织。<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pbatty_video_53-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-pbatty_video-53">[52]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-osm-wiki-haiti_54-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-osm-wiki-haiti-54">[53]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM人道主义团队（<a class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:Humanitarian OSM Team" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); background: none" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Humanitarian_OSM_Team">Humanitarian
OpenStreetMap Team</a>）也和类似非政府组织救灾队（USAID等）合作，从几乎空白的OSM地图开始标记海地和其他国家的区域，帮助原先地图是什么都没有的地区创建图资。<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a></sup>而各个组织同时也参与建设海地的避难营。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
在海地灾情过后，OSM也在后来的发生灾难的地区产生了重大的作用，例如，马利（2013年1月）<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a></sup>，菲律宾的海燕（2013年11月）<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a></sup>，还有西非的埃博拉（2014年3月）<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a></sup>，再次显现了各个不同的国际组织即使通过互联网，也能从标记OSM地图中来帮助人道主义组织进行援助。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM人道主义团队（Humanitarian
OpenStreetMap）扮演着OSM社区和人道主义组织的一道沟通的桥梁。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
随着灾情结束，OSM人道主义团队和红十字会，世界银行，和其他人道主义组织，联手献力于建构风险模型给各个不同的国家比如乌干达等作为应灾措施。<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a></sup></p>
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<span id=".E6.B3.95.E5.BE.8B.E5.B1.A4.E9.9D.A2"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="法律層面">法律层面</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：法律层面" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=14">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
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<span id=".E8.A8.B1.E5.8F.AF.E6.A2.9D.E6.AC.BE"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="許可條款">许可条款</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：许可条款" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=15">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg/220px-OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg/330px-OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg/440px-OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3276" data-file-height="2070" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OpenStreetMap_GPS_trace_density.jpg">
</a></div>
OSM在欧洲使用的密度</div>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM的资料著作权一开始是<a class="mw-redirect" title="创作共享许可协议" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=創作共用授權條款">创作共享许可协议</a>，它的用意是在让大众免费使用或者重新发布OSM所提供的地图资料。在2012年9月，资料的著作权更换成开放数据库许可（ODbL）<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a></sup>，因为这样更能清楚地定义OSM所拥有的地图资料更着重于收集和整理资料而不是资料的呈现。<sup id="cite_ref-ogd-Fairhurst_63-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-ogd-Fairhurst-63">[62]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
其中有些地图的资料就在上述地图著作权的转换中被移除了。当中被移除的这些资料，有部分是由于资料贡献者不赞同新著作权中的法律条规，也有些是因为数据源无法在新著作权法下使用。OSM估计著作权转换后能保留97%以上的所有资料，当然这对一些区域时会有影响的，比如说澳洲在不同的地图资料对象中，能保留的资料从24%到84%，资料流失量因资料对象类型而定。<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a></sup>不过在完成许可证转换后，OSM计算出保留的资料超过99%，但是论地图资料的流失，还是属澳洲和波兰最为严重。<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
目前开放数据库许可证（ODbL）都要求所有要加入OSM的地图资料都需要遵守在ODbL著作权法的规定下，比如已逾期著作权资料（Out-of-copyright），<a class="mw-redirect" title="公有领域" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=公有領域">公有领域</a>资料或者其他能遵守ODbL著作权法的数据，当中也牵涉去验证政府机关的资料来确定资料的对OSM的合法性。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
用于生产、展示OpenStreetMap数据的软件来源于许多不同的项目，且具有各自的使用许可。例如，现在供用户访问以编辑地图、查看编辑历史的应用程序是基于<a title="Ruby on Rails" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Ruby_on_Rails">Ruby
on Rails</a>开发的。它同时使用<a title="PostgreSQL" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a>作为存储用户数据和编辑元数据的数据库。OSM网站上的默认地图使用<a title="Mapnik" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Mapnik">Mapnik</a>渲染，存储于<a title="PostGIS" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=PostGIS">PostGIS</a>中，并由<a class="mw-redirect" title="Apache" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Apache">Apache</a>的<i>mod_tile</i>模块进行驱动。某些特定的软件，例如地图编辑软件<a title="Potlatch (软件)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Potlatch_(软件)">Potlatch</a> 2，已经成为<a title="公有领域" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=公有领域">公有领域</a>中的软件。<sup id="cite_ref-osm-wiki-legalfaq_66-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-osm-wiki-legalfaq-66">[65]</a></sup></p>
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<span id=".E5.95.86.E6.A5.AD.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="商業資料">商业资料</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：商业资料" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=16">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
有部分OSM地图资料是由比较偏好自由软件的公司提供，不管是实际收集的地图资料或者是卫星影像，都让OSM的用户能识别地图道路等其他用途。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">值得一提的是，Automotive Navigation
Data提供了一整套完整的荷兰道路资料还有中国和印度大卡车道的地图资料。在2006年12月，雅虎确定让OSM使用它的垂直航空影像，之后让OSM地图编辑软件中使用它来做地图上的覆盖物，使得OSM用户能制作以向量地图，并以自由和开放许可证发布。<sup id="cite_ref-ogd-Coast1_67-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-ogd-Coast1-67">[66]</a></sup>不过到了2011年9月13日，雅虎把它地图API关闭后，这项技术就无法再使用了。<sup id="cite_ref-yahoo-maps-close_11-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-yahoo-maps-close-11">[10]</a></sup>在2010年11月，微软公布OSM社群在编辑地图时能使用Bing的垂直空中影像作为地图的底层。<sup id="cite_ref-ogd-Coast2_68-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-ogd-Coast2-68">[67]</a></sup>就在2009年到2011年，NearMap
Pty Ltd利用了OSM的地图资料（通过CC-BY-SA著作权法）制成了澳洲的高清晰图像地图（目前主要有澳洲主要城市和少部分郊区）。<sup id="cite_ref-nearmap_69-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-nearmap-69">[68]</a></sup></p>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id="OSM.E4.BD.9C.E6.A5.AD"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="OSM作業">OSM作业</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：OSM作业" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=17">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
虽然OSM的成立主要是成为一个中央的地图数据库，但是在地图的绘制和呈现上它也有不凡的水准，其中地图设计有些突显出地图资料中不同的元素或者着重置计和地图的性能。</p>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E8.B3.87.E6.96.99.E6.A0.BC.E5.BC.8F"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="資料格式">资料格式</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：资料格式" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=18">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">OSM使用的资料格式是地形数据结构，当中由四个核心的元素（也称为原始资料）。</p>
<ul style="list-style-image: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515'); margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OSM_node.png">
<img alt="OSM node.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/OSM_node.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"></a> 节点node：存储经纬度，但不存储节点在地图上的实际大小，比如说一个景点或者山峯。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
道路way：有序排列的节点，以折线的形式呈现，如果是封闭圈的话，那么可能是以多边形的方式呈现。这类原始资料大多用来呈现为街道，河流，一个区块，比如说森林，公园，停车场或者是一面湖。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a class="image" title="OSM relation" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OSM_relation.png">
<img alt="OSM relation" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/OSM_relation.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"></a> 关系relation：有排序的节点，道路和关系（三种原始资料在这里统称“成员”），在这里每个成员选择性拥有一个"角色"（字符串）。关系是用来表示各个原始资料（节点：节点，节点：道路，道路：道路）的关系，比如说道路与道路的拐弯限制，一条道路分叉出来的各种小道路，或者一个区域中的一个洞，这时"角色"字符串就能用来形容它们之间的关系。</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">标签tag：键值对（key-value
pairs，键值都是字符串），用来存储地图上对象的<a title="元数据" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=元数据">元数据</a>（对象的类型，名字和物理特性）。标签无法独立存在，它们必须依附在一个已存在的原始资料，比如说一个节点，道路和关系。地图中对象映射的关系（<a title="本体 (信息科学)" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=本体_(信息科学)">本体</a>）和标签在OSM的wiki上有比较详细的介绍，用法为<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(234, 236, 240); border-radius: 2px; padding: 1px 4px;">鍵=值；key=value</code>。</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">LinkedGeoData资料集是由来自莱比锡大学的Agile Knowledge
Engineering and Semantic
Web研究群组的研究成果，他们之前以DBpedia闻名。DBpedia使用GeoSPARQL和well-known
text（WKT）RDF的词汇来表示OSM的地图资料。</p>
<h3 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.6; font-weight: bold;">
<span id=".E5.95.86.E6.A5.AD.E6.9C.8D.E5.8B.99"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="商業服務">商业服务</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：商业服务" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=19">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png/220px-OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png/330px-OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png/440px-OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png 2x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="1034" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:OpenStreetMap_homepage_2018_en.png">
</a></div>
OpenStreetMap.org的主页</div>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">有很多热门的应用服务都使用了地理定位和地图资料中的组件，比较值得一提的有：</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
2012年3月7日，苹果公司出奇地把OSM嵌入iOS的iPhoto中，但是发布iPhoto时并没有宣告地图数据源，后来在1.0.1版的时候才做了著作权宣告的修正。虽然苹果公司拥有地图，但是其中的地图数据源是OSM，但是更大部分的资料提供为TomTom。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Flickr使用OSM的地图资料跨越了很多个国家，包括<a class="mw-redirect" title="巴格达" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=巴格達">巴格达</a>、<a class="mw-redirect" title="北京" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=北京">北京</a>、<a title="喀布尔" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=喀布尔">喀布尔</a>、<a class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="圣地亚哥" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=聖地亞哥">圣地亚哥</a>、<a title="悉尼" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=悉尼">悉尼</a>和<a class="mw-redirect" title="东京" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=東京">东京</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OSM-in-Japan_72-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-OSM-in-Japan-72">[71]</a></sup>在2012年，Flickr选择转换使用诺基亚提供为主的数据源，当商用资料无法在一些区域作用的时候，OSM的资料才做为辅助。<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
2010年MapQuest发布了一项基于OSM的服务，这项服务就是后来的MapQuest Open。<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">2013年2月29日，Foursquare通过MapBox的绘制和架构来使用OSM。<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a></sup>Craiglist也在2012年转换使用OSM，使用OSM的地图资料来绘制属于自己的地图。<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">2009年，著名游戏生产商Hasbro，多人在线游戏大富翁Monopoly City
Street中使用谷歌地图来作为显示，可是底层的地图数据源却是OSM。<sup id="cite_ref-pcworld_77-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-pcworld-77">[76]</a></sup>该游戏能让玩家虚拟购买街道和房地产发展自己的物业，但是它是个期间限定游戏，在2010年1月结束后关闭。<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-Monopoly_78-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-BBC-Monopoly-78">[77]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Moovit是个手机应用程序使用OSM的资料来作为免费公共交通的导航。<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Pictometry在网站中使用OSM为默认地图，显示自己特有的三维空中影像。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1;"><a title="Wikipedia:列明来源" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Wikipedia:列明来源"><span title="来源请求。" style="white-space: nowrap;">[来源请求]</span></a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
维基百科使用OSM的资料来绘制各个不同文章所使用的地图。不少语言都被包括在WIWOSM项目里（Wikipedia Where in
OSM），目的是把OSM用SlippyMap显示在文章上。<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a></sup>Wikivoyage把OSM，显示城市和一些旅游的景点。</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Ballardia（都柏林的一个游戏开发者），在2013年10月发布了游戏World
of the Living Dead，游戏引擎中也有使用OSM地图资料。<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a></sup>游戏地图覆盖整个洛杉矶，面积为14,000平方公里。这款游戏在之前是使用谷歌地图，但由于无法负担多人在线游戏高负荷，所以在2013年关闭了谷歌地图版本并地图引擎使用的资料转换为OSM资料。<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Geotab公司的MyGeotab，使用OSM来来追踪交通工具的所在地。<sup id="cite_ref-Geotab_84-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-Geotab-84">[83]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
<a title="向导宝可梦GO" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=精靈寶可夢GO">
Pokemon Go</a>也是采用OSM的地图资料<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">
<a title="香港天文台" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=香港天文台">
香港天文台</a>都采用OSM来显示气象卫星图像<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a></sup>。</p>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E7.B1.BB.E4.BC.BC.E9.A1.B9.E7.9B.AE"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="类似项目">类似项目</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：类似项目" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=20">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<ul style="list-style-image: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515'); margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a class="mw-redirect" title="Google Earth" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Google_Earth">
Google Earth</a></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="HKmap.live" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=HKmap.live">
HKmap.live</a></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="维基卫星地图" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=維基衛星地圖">
WikiMapia</a></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Live Local" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Windows_Live_Local">
Windows Live Local</a></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a class="mw-redirect" title="World Wind" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=World_Wind">
World Wind</a></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">
<a title="Yandex地图编辑器" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Yandex地图编辑器">
Yandex地图编辑器</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="thumb tright" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em; width: auto; background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right;">
<div class="thumbinner" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); font-size: 14.1075px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;">
<a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg">
<img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg/220px-COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg/330px-COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg/440px-COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);"></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; font-size: 13.2611px; text-align: left;">
<div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;">
<a class="internal" title="放大" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); display: block; text-indent: 15px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 11px; user-select: none; background: transparent) url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/magnify-clip-ltr.svg?8330e')" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=File:COSCUP_2016_OpenStreetMap.jpg">
</a></div>
COSCUP 2016上的台湾OpenStreetMap社区摊位</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="注释">
注释</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：注释" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=21">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<div id="references-NoteFoot">
<ol class="references" style="list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; font-size: 13.5072px; margin-left: 3.2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px">
<li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-5">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">目前，OpenStreetMap社区对OSM的中文名称尚无共识，台湾用户使用“开放街图”一名，而中国大陆、香港用户则沿用英文原名“OpenStreetMap”。</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: normal; font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; line-height: 1.3;">
<span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>
<span class="mw-headline" id="参考文献">参考文献</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-family: sans-serif; user-select: none; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">[</span><a title="编辑章节：参考文献" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); white-space: nowrap; background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&action=edit§ion=22">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em; color: rgb(84, 89, 93);">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="font-size: 13.5072px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<ol class="references" style="list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; font-size: 13.5072px; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 3.2em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0px">
<li id="cite_note-translatewiki-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-translatewiki_1-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://translatewiki.net/wiki/Translating:OpenStreetMap/stats/trunk">Translating
OpenStreetMap</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Translating+OpenStreetMap&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftranslatewiki.net%2Fwiki%2FTranslating%3AOpenStreetMap%2Fstats%2Ftrunk&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-osm-wiki-faq-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-osm-wiki-faq_2-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/FAQ#Who_owns_OpenStreetMap.3F">FAQ</a>.
OpenStreetMap Wiki. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">15
April</span> 2011]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=FAQ&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenStreetMap+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2FFAQ%23Who_owns_OpenStreetMap.3F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-alexa_rank-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-alexa_rank_3-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/openstreetmap.org">openstreetmap.org
Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic</a>. Alexa. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">16
December</span> 2020]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=openstreetmap.org+Competitive+Analysis%2C+Marketing+Mix+and+Traffic&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alexa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexa.com%2Fsiteinfo%2Fopenstreetmap.org&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-4">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/stats/data_stats.html">OpenStreetMap
stats report</a>. OpenStreetMap. OpenStreetMap Foundation. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">15
December</span> 2020]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=OpenStreetMap+stats+report&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.openstreetmap.org%2Fstats%2Fdata_stats.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-GPS-inspires-DIY-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-GPS-inspires-DIY_6-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;">Anderson,
Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/10/061018-street-maps.html">Global
Positioning Tech Inspires Do-It-Yourself Mapping Project</a>. <a class="new" title="National Geographic News（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(186, 0, 0); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=National_Geographic_News&action=edit&redlink=1">National
Geographic News</a>. October 2006-10-18 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Global+Positioning+Tech+Inspires+Do-It-Yourself+Mapping+Project&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.chron=October+2006-10-18&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2F2006%2F10%2F061018-street-maps.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-OpenStreetMap_About-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;">^ <a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-OpenStreetMap_About_7-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">跳转至：</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-OpenStreetMap_About_7-1"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/about">OpenStreetMap為數以百計的網站、行動app與硬體設備，提供地圖資料</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-08</span>]</span> <span title="连接到中文（台湾）‎网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（中文（台湾）‎）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=OpenStreetMap%E7%82%BA%E6%95%B8%E4%BB%A5%E7%99%BE%E8%A8%88%E7%9A%84%E7%B6%B2%E7%AB%99%E3%81%E8%A1%8C%E5%95app%E8%88%87%E7%A1%AC%E9%AB%94%E8%A8+%E5%82%99%EF%BC%8C%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.openstreetmap.org%2Fabout&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-OpenStreetMapBook-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;">^ <a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-OpenStreetMapBook_8-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">跳转至：</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-OpenStreetMapBook_8-1"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><b>7.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book" style="font-style: normal;">Frederick
Ramm, Jochen Topf, Steve Chilton. OpenStreetMap: Using and
Enhancing the Free Map of the World. UIT Cambridge. 2011 <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=OpenStreetMap%3A+Using+and+Enhancing+the+Free+Map+of+the+World&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=UIT+Cambridge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-9">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/stats/data_stats.html">OpenStreetMap
Statistics</a>. www.openstreetmap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2019-03-16</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=OpenStreetMap+Statistics&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.openstreetmap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.openstreetmap.org%2Fstats%2Fdata_stats.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-10">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090330211558/http://www.opengeodata.org/?p=120">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2009-06-15</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.opengeodata.org/?p=120">原始内容</a>存档于2009-03-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=%E5+%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opengeodata.org%2F%3Fp%3D120&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-yahoo-maps-close-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;">^ <a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-yahoo-maps-close_11-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">跳转至：</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><b>10.0</b></sup></a> <a style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-yahoo-maps-close_11-1"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><b>10.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;">Mata,
Raj. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110623122827/http://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/posts/2011/06/yahoo-maps-apis-service-closure-announcement-new-maps-offerings-coming-soon/">Yahoo!
Maps APIs Service Closure Announcement – New Maps Offerings
Coming Soon!</a>. Yahoo! Developer Network. 2011-06-13 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2012-02-25</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/posts/2011/06/yahoo-maps-apis-service-closure-announcement-new-maps-offerings-coming-soon/">原始内容</a>存档于2011-06-23） <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Yahoo%21+Maps+APIs+Service+Closure+Announcement+%93+New+Maps+Offerings+Coming+Soon%21&rft.aufirst=Raj&rft.aulast=Mata&rft.date=2011-06-13&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21+Developer+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.yahoo.com%2Fblogs%2Fydn%2Fposts%2F2011%2F06%2Fyahoo-maps-apis-service-closure-announcement-new-maps-offerings-coming-soon%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-geothought-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-geothought_12-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Batty,
Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://geothought.blogspot.com/2007/12/oxford-university-using-openstreetmap.html">Oxford
University using OpenStreetMap data</a>. Geothought. 2007-12-03 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2011-04-16</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.aulast=Batty&rft.btitle=Oxford+University+using+OpenStreetMap+data&rft.date=2007-12-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Geothought&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeothought.blogspot.com%2F2007%2F12%2Foxford-university-using-openstreetmap.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-systemed-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-systemed_13-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Fairhurst,
Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.systemed.net/blog/legacy/entry080113140415.html">Cycle
map on your GPS</a>. Système D. 2008-01-13 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2011-04-16</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Cycle+map+on+your+GPS&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Fairhurst&rft.date=2008-01-13&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syst%C3%A8me+D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.systemed.net%2Fblog%2Flegacy%2Fentry080113140415.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-CloudMade2-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-CloudMade2_14-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65SUe32Kl?url=http://blog.cloudmade.com/2008/03/17/were-funded/">We're
funded!</a>. <a class="new" title="CloudMade（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(186, 0, 0); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=CloudMade&action=edit&redlink=1">CloudMade</a>.
2008-03-17 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2011-04-16</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://blog.cloudmade.com/2008/03/17/were-funded/">原始内容</a>存档于2012-02-15） <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=We%27re+funded%21&rft.date=2008-03-17&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=CloudMade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.cloudmade.com%2F2008%2F03%2F17%2Fwere-funded%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-15">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151002092921/http://www.zdnet.com.tw/news/software/0,2000085678,20148317,00.htm#">Technology
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（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.zdnet.com.tw/news/software/0,2000085678,20148317,00.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2015-10-02） <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Technology+News%2C+Analysis%2C+Comments+and+Product+Reviews+for+IT+Professionals&rft.date=2014-07-31&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com.tw%2Fnews%2Fsoftware%2F0%2C2000085678%2C20148317%2C00.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
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<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-16">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.webpronews.com/websites-bypassing-google-maps-due-to-new-fees/">Websites
Bypassing Google Maps Due to Fees</a>. WebProNews. 2012-03-20 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2019-03-16</span>]</span> <span title="连接到美国英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Websites+Bypassing+Google+Maps+Due+to+Fees&rft.date=2012-03-20&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WebProNews&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webpronews.com%2Fwebsites-bypassing-google-maps-due-to-new-fees%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-17">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Ingraham,
Nathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/6/11/3078987/apple-tomtom-openstreemap-ios-6-maps-app">Apple
using TomTom and OpenStreetMap data in iOS 6 Maps app</a>. The
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<li id="cite_note-licence-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-licence_18-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Richard
Fairhurst. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://blog.openstreetmap.org/2008/01/07/the-licence-where-we-are-where-were-going/">The
licence: where we are, where we’re going</a>. OpenStreetMap
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<li id="cite_note-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-19">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">林诚夏. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130425010918/http://www.openfoundry.org/tw/legal-column-list/8832-from-open-source-to-open-data-knowing-open-database-license-v10-in-open-source-licensing-way">從開源軟體到開放資料－論Open
Database License v1.0</a>. 2012-10-20 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2013-03-21</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.openfoundry.org/tw/legal-column-list/8832-from-open-source-to-open-data-knowing-open-database-license-v10-in-open-source-licensing-way">原始内容</a>存档于2013-04-25） <span title="连接到中文（台湾）‎网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（中文（台湾）‎）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.au=%E6%9E%97%E8%AA%A0%E5%A4%8F&rft.btitle=%E5%BE%9E%E9%96%E6%BA%90%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E5%88%B0%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%EF%BC%E8%AB%96Open+Database+License+v1.0&rft.date=2012-10-20&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.openfoundry.org%2Ftw%2Flegal-column-list%2F8832-from-open-source-to-open-data-knowing-open-database-license-v10-in-open-source-licensing-way&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-20">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Harry
Wood. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://blog.osmfoundation.org/2012/07/26/automated-redactions-complete/">Automated
redactions complete</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">1
October</span> 2012]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.au=Harry+Wood&rft.btitle=Automated+redactions+complete&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.osmfoundation.org%2F2012%2F07%2F26%2Fautomated-redactions-complete%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM07-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM07_21-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2007.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2007</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2007&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2007.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM08-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM08_22-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2008.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2008</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2008.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM09-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM09_23-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2009.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2009</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2009.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM10-24" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM10_24-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2010.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2010</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2010&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2010.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM11-25" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM11_25-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2011.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2011</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2011&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2011.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM12-26" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM12_26-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2012.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2012</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2012.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM13-27" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM13_27-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2013.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2013</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2013.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM14-28" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM14_28-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113155145/http://2014.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2014</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-08-09</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2014.stateofthemap.org/">原始内容</a>存档于2014-11-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2014&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2014.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SotM16-29" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-SotM16_29-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://2016.stateofthemap.org/">State
Of The Map 2016</a>. OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2015-10-11</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=State+Of+The+Map+2016&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2016.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-30" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-30">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://2017.stateofthemap.org/">State
of the Map 2017</a>. 2017.stateofthemap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2019-03-12</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=State+of+the+Map+2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2017.stateofthemap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2017.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-31" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-31">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://2018.stateofthemap.org/">State
of the Map 2018</a>. 2018.stateofthemap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2019-03-12</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=State+of+the+Map+2018&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2018.stateofthemap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2018.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-32" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-32">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://2019.stateofthemap.org/">State
of the Map 2019 - Heidelberg</a>. 2019.stateofthemap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2019-03-12</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=State+of+the+Map+2019+-+Heidelberg&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2019.stateofthemap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2019.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-33" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-33">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://2020.stateofthemap.org/">State
of the Map 2020</a>. 2020.stateofthemap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2021-02-25</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=State+of+the+Map+2020&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2020.stateofthemap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2020.stateofthemap.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-34" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-34">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Import/Guidelines">Import/Guidelines</a>.
OpenStreetMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">23
March</span> 2015]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>. <q>The
import guidelines, along with the Automated Edits code of
conduct, should be followed when importing data into the
OpenStreetMap database as they embody many lessons learned
throughout the history of OpenStreetMap. Imports should be
planned and executed with more care and sensitive than other
edits, because poor imports can have significant impacts on both
existing data and local mapping community.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Import%2FGuidelines&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenStreetMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2FImport%2FGuidelines&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-35" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-35">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Saman
Bemel Benrud. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://mapbox.com/blog/announcing-id/">A
New Editor for OpenStreetMap: iD</a>. Mapbox. 31 January
2013-01-31 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.au=Saman+Bemel+Benrud&rft.btitle=A+New+Editor+for+OpenStreetMap%3A+iD&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Mapbox&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmapbox.com%2Fblog%2Fannouncing-id%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-36" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-36">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.opencyclemap.org/docs/">Key
and More Info</a>. OpenCycleMap. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Key+and+More+Info&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=OpenCycleMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opencyclemap.org%2Fdocs%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-37" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-37">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Vines,
Emily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.esri.com/news/releases/10_3qtr/openstreetmap.html">Esri
Releases ArcGIS Editor for OpenStreetMap</a>. Esri. 2010-07-06 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.aulast=Vines&rft.btitle=Esri+Releases+ArcGIS+Editor+for+OpenStreetMap&rft.date=2010-07-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Esri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esri.com%2Fnews%2Freleases%2F10_3qtr%2Fopenstreetmap.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-osm-wiki-stats-38" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-osm-wiki-stats_38-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Stats">Stats</a>.
OpenStreetMap Wiki. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">25
May</span> 2014]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Stats&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenStreetMap+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2FStats&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-39" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-39">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Wood,
Harry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://opengeodata.org/1-million-openstreetmappers">1
million OpenStreetMappers</a>. OpenGeoData. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=1+million+OpenStreetMappers&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenGeoData&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopengeodata.org%2F1-million-openstreetmappers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-40" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-40">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Neis,
Pascal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://neis-one.org/2013/01/oooc/">The
OpenStreetMap Contributors Map aka Who's around me?</a>.
2013-01-06 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.aufirst=Pascal&rft.aulast=Neis&rft.btitle=The+OpenStreetMap+Contributors+Map+aka+Who%27s+around+me%3F&rft.date=2013-01-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneis-one.org%2F2013%2F01%2Foooc%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-41" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-41">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Stats">Stats
- OpenStreetMap Wiki</a>. wiki.openstreetmap.org. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2019-03-16</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Stats+-+OpenStreetMap+Wiki&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.openstreetmap.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2FStats&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-42" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-42">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">参见<a class="mw-redirect" title="美国政府作品著作权" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=美国政府作品版权">美国政府作品著作权</a>。</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-43" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-43">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.foxtrotgps.org/">FoxtrotGPS
hompage</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=FoxtrotGPS+hompage&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxtrotgps.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-44" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-44">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://packages.debian.org/sid/foxtrotgps">FoxtrotGPS
in Debian</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=FoxtrotGPS+in+Debian&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpackages.debian.org%2Fsid%2Ffoxtrotgps&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-45" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-45">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://packages.debian.org/sid/emerillon">Emerillon
in Debian repositories</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Emerillon+in+Debian+repositories&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpackages.debian.org%2Fsid%2Femerillon&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-46" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-46">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Emerillon">Emerillon
homepage</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Emerillon+homepage&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.gnome.org%2FApps%2FEmerillon&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-47" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-47">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://opencyclemap.org/">opencyclemap.org</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-48" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-48">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;">Filney,
Klint. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2013/11/osrm">Out
in the Open: How to Get Google Maps Directions Without Google</a>.
Wired. 2013-11-11<span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Out+in+the+Open%3A+How+to+Get+Google+Maps+Directions+Without+Google&rft.aufirst=Klint&rft.aulast=Filney&rft.date=2013-11-11&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fwiredenterprise%2F2013%2F11%2Fosrm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-nytimes-49" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-nytimes_49-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://gadgetwise.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/27/digital-help-for-haiti/">Digital
Help for Haiti</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=The_New_York_Times">The
New York Times</a>. 2010-01-27 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-04-15</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Digital+Help+for+Haiti&rft.date=2010-01-27&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgadgetwise.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F01%2F27%2Fdigital-help-for-haiti%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-forbes-50" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-forbes_50-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;">Forrest,
Brady. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.forbes.com/2010/02/01/text-messages-maps-technology-breakthroughs-haiti.html">Technology
Saves Lives In Haiti</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Forbes">Forbes</a>.com.
2010-02-01 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Technology+Saves+Lives+In+Haiti&rft.aufirst=Brady&rft.aulast=Forrest&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2010%2F02%2F01%2Ftext-messages-maps-technology-breakthroughs-haiti.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-51" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-51">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Turner,
Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://secure.flickr.com/photos/ajturner/4329833289/in/photostream/">World
Bank Haiti Situation Room – featuring OSM</a>. 2010-02-03 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.btitle=World+Bank+Haiti+Situation+Room+%93+featuring+OSM&rft.date=2010-02-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fajturner%2F4329833289%2Fin%2Fphotostream%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-52" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-52">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 16px; background: url('//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025082950/http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/downloads/jrc_pp_haiti_map_04.pdf">Haiti
Earthquakes: Infrastructure Port-au-Prince 15/01/2010</a> <span style="font-size: 12px;">(PDF)</span>.
2010-01-15 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 16px; background: url('//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif') no-repeat right center" href="http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/downloads/jrc_pp_haiti_map_04.pdf">原始内容</a><span style="font-size: 12px;">(PDF)</span>存档于2012-10-25） <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Haiti+Earthquakes%3A+Infrastructure+Port-au-Prince+15%2F01%2F2010&rft.date=2010-01-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fdgs%2Fjrc%2Fdownloads%2Fjrc_pp_haiti_map_04.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error citation-comment" style="font-size: 13.5072px; color: rgb(221, 51, 51);">Authors
list列表中的<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|first1=</code>缺少<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|last1=</code> (<a title="Help:引文格式1错误" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Help:引文格式1错误#first_missing_last">帮助</a>)</span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-pbatty_video-53" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-pbatty_video_53-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Batty,
Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://geothought.blogspot.com/2010/02/openstreetmap-in-haiti-video.html">OpenStreetMap
in Haiti – video</a>. 2010-02-14 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.aulast=Batty&rft.btitle=OpenStreetMap+in+Haiti+%93+video&rft.date=2010-02-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeothought.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F02%2Fopenstreetmap-in-haiti-video.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-osm-wiki-haiti-54" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-osm-wiki-haiti_54-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/WikiProject_Haiti">WikiProject
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<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://medium.com/medium-for-haiti/f4582ed41656">OSM
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<li id="cite_note-56" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-56">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/2012_Mali_Crisis">OSM
2012 Mali Crisis wiki page</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=OSM+2012+Mali+Crisis+wiki+page&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2F2012_Mali_Crisis&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-57" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24565-social-media-helps-aid-efforts-after-typhoon-haiyan.html#.U-QaA2MmUro">Social
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list列表中的<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|first1=</code>缺少<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|last1=</code> (<a title="Help:引文格式1错误" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Help:引文格式1错误#first_missing_last">帮助</a>)</span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-58" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-58">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/11/how-online-mapmakers-are-helping-the-red-cross-save-lives-in-the-philippines/281366/">How
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list列表中的<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|first1=</code>缺少<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|last1=</code> (<a title="Help:引文格式1错误" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Help:引文格式1错误#first_missing_last">帮助</a>)</span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-59" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-59">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141019042927/http://nuviun.com/content/blog/How-the-Internet-is-Stopping-the-Ebola-Outbreak-One-Street-Map-at-a-Time">How
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Time</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://nuviun.com/content/blog/How-the-Internet-is-Stopping-the-Ebola-Outbreak-One-Street-Map-at-a-Time">原始内容</a>存档于2014-10-19） <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=How+the+Internet+is+Stopping+the+Ebola+Outbreak%2C+One+Street+Map+at+a+Time&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnuviun.com%2Fcontent%2Fblog%2FHow-the-Internet-is-Stopping-the-Ebola-Outbreak-One-Street-Map-at-a-Time&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error citation-comment" style="font-size: 13.5072px; color: rgb(221, 51, 51);">Authors
list列表中的<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|first1=</code>缺少<code style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: inherit;">|last1=</code> (<a title="Help:引文格式1错误" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=Help:引文格式1错误#first_missing_last">帮助</a>)</span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-60" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://hot.openstreetmap.org/updates/2012-07-13_out_and_about_in_yogyakarta_indonesia_an_osm_workshop_sponsored_by_the_world_bank">Out
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<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://hot.openstreetmap.org/updates/2012-08-21_preventative_mapping_in_uganda_with_the_red_cross">Preventative
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.osmfoundation.org/wiki/Licence/About_The_Licence_Change">Licence/About
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<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Fairhurst,
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<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
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^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Simon
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<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-65">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Harry
Wood. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://blog.osmfoundation.org/2012/07/26/automated-redactions-complete/">Automated
redactions complete</a>. 2012-07-26 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.au=Harry+Wood&rft.btitle=Automated+redactions+complete&rft.date=2012-07-26&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.osmfoundation.org%2F2012%2F07%2F26%2Fautomated-redactions-complete%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-osm-wiki-legalfaq-66" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-osm-wiki-legalfaq_66-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Legal_FAQ">Legal
FAQ</a>. OpenStreetMap Wiki. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-12</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>. <q>Several
contributors additionally make their code available under
different licences</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Legal+FAQ&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenStreetMap+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2FLegal_FAQ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-ogd-Coast1-67" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-ogd-Coast1_67-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Coast,
Steve. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://old.opengeodata.org/2006/12/04/yahoo-aerial-imagery-in-osm/index.html">Yahoo!
aerial imagery in OSM</a>. OpenGeoData. 2006-12-04 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Yahoo%21+aerial+imagery+in+OSM&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.aulast=Coast&rft.date=2006-12-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenGeoData&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.opengeodata.org%2F2006%2F12%2F04%2Fyahoo-aerial-imagery-in-osm%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-ogd-Coast2-68" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-ogd-Coast2_68-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Coast,
Steve. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://opengeodata.org/microsoft-imagery-details">Microsoft
Imagery details</a>. OpenGeoData. 2010-11-30 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Microsoft+Imagery+details&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.aulast=Coast&rft.date=2010-11-30&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenGeoData&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopengeodata.org%2Fmicrosoft-imagery-details&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-nearmap-69" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-nearmap_69-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.nearmap.com/products/community-licence">Community
licence</a>. <a class="new" title="NearMap（页面不存在）" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(186, 0, 0); background: none" href="http://search.luhui.net/search/?q=NearMap&action=edit&redlink=1">NearMap</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Community+licence&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NearMap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nearmap.com%2Fproducts%2Fcommunity-licence&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-70" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-70">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://blog.flickr.net/en/2008/08/12/around-the-world-and-back-again/">Around
the world and back again</a>. blog-flickr.net. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">7
November</span> 2008]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Around+the+world+and+back+again&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=blog-flickr.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.flickr.net%2Fen%2F2008%2F08%2F12%2Faround-the-world-and-back-again%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-71" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-71">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://blog.flickr.net/en/2008/10/30/more-cities/">More
cities</a>. blog-flickr.net. 2008-10-30 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=More+cities&rft.date=2008-10-30&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=blog-flickr.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.flickr.net%2Fen%2F2008%2F10%2F30%2Fmore-cities%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-OSM-in-Japan-72" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-OSM-in-Japan_72-0">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;">Waters,
Tim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://thinkwhere.wordpress.com/2008/09/16/japan-osm-progress/">Japanese
progress in osm. Amazing stuff!</a>. thinkwhere. 2008-09-16 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2012-02-25</span>]</span>.
（原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722023011/http://thinkwhere.wordpress.com/2008/09/16/japan-osm-progress/">存档</a>于2011-07-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Japanese+progress+in+osm.+Amazing+stuff%21&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.date=2008-09-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thinkwhere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthinkwhere.wordpress.com%2F2008%2F09%2F16%2Fjapan-osm-progress%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-73" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-73">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;">Ingraham,
Nathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.theverge.com/2012/6/29/3126012/flickr-nokia-maps-photo-locations">Flickr
is Now Using Nokia Maps</a>. The Verge. 2012-06-29 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.atitle=Flickr+is+Now+Using+Nokia+Maps&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.aulast=Ingraham&rft.date=2012-06-29&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2012%2F6%2F29%2F3126012%2Fflickr-nokia-maps-photo-locations&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-74" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-74">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/MapQuest">MapQuest</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span> <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=MapQuest&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.openstreetmap.org%2Fwiki%2FMapQuest&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-75" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-75">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130912112300/http://blog.foursquare.com/2012/02/29/foursquare-is-joining-the-openstreetmap-movement-say-hi-to-pretty-new-maps/">Foursquare
Blog</a>. Blog.foursquare.com. 2012-02-29 <span class="reference-accessdate">[<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">2014-12-14</span>]</span>.
（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://blog.foursquare.com/2012/02/29/foursquare-is-joining-the-openstreetmap-movement-say-hi-to-pretty-new-maps/">原始内容</a>存档于2013-09-12） <span title="连接到英语网页" style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96&rft.btitle=Foursquare+Blog&rft.date=2012-02-29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Blog.foursquare.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.foursquare.com%2F2012%2F02%2F29%2Ffoursquare-is-joining-the-openstreetmap-movement-say-hi-to-pretty-new-maps%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-76" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; break-inside: avoid-column;">
<span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b>
<a aria-label="跳转" title="跳转" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(6, 69, 173); background: none" href="#cite_ref-76">
^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style: normal;">Cooper,
Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 102, 187); padding-right: 13px; background: url('https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84') no-repeat right center" href="http://www.engadget.com/2012/08/28/craigslist-open-street-map/">Craigslist