diff --git a/anvio/docs/__init__.py b/anvio/docs/__init__.py
index 2d780a4779..67a3e092f6 100644
--- a/anvio/docs/__init__.py
+++ b/anvio/docs/__init__.py
@@ -90,14 +90,14 @@
     "sra-download": {
         "authors": ['mschecht'],
         "artifacts_accepted": [],
-        "artifacts_produced": ['paired-end-fastq'],
+        "artifacts_produced": ['paired-end-fastq', 'samples-txt'],
         "anvio_workflows_inherited": [],
         "third_party_programs_used": [
             ('Downloads SRA accessions', ['prefetch']),
             ('Extracts FASTQ files from SRA accessions', ['fasterq-dump']),
             ('Compresses FASTQ files in parallel', ['pigz']),
             ],
-        "one_sentence_summary": "Download, extract, and gzip paired-end FASTQ files automatically from the NCBI short-read archive (SRA)",
+        "one_sentence_summary": "Download, MD5 Checksum, extract, and gzip paired-end FASTQ files automatically from the NCBI short-read archive (SRA)",
         "one_paragraph_summary": ("The sra-download workflow automatizes the process of downloading paired-end FASTQ files "
             "for a given list of SRA-accessions using [NCBI sra-tools wiki](https://github.com/ncbi/sra-tools/wiki/08.-prefetch-and-fasterq-dump) "
             "then gzips them using [pigz](https://zlib.net/pigz/).")
diff --git a/anvio/workflows/sra_download/Snakefile b/anvio/workflows/sra_download/Snakefile
index 696800389a..5ce7f1e863 100644
--- a/anvio/workflows/sra_download/Snakefile
+++ b/anvio/workflows/sra_download/Snakefile
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8
 import os
+import json
 import anvio
 import argparse
+import pandas as pd
 
 from anvio.errors import ConfigError
 from anvio.workflows.sra_download import SRADownloadWorkflow
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ rule prefetch:
     log: os.path.join(dirs_dict['LOGS_DIR'], "{accession}_prefetch.log")
     input:
     output:
-        SRA_TMP = temp(directory(os.path.join(dirs_dict['SRA_prefetch'], "{accession}")))
+        SRA_TMP = os.path.join(dirs_dict['SRA_prefetch'], "{accession}", "{accession}.sra")
     params:
         SRA_OUTPUT_DIR = os.path.join(dirs_dict['SRA_prefetch']),
         MAX_SIZE = M.get_param_value_from_config(['prefetch', '--max-size'])
@@ -77,6 +79,48 @@ rule prefetch:
     run:
         shell("prefetch {wildcards.accession} --output-directory {params.SRA_OUTPUT_DIR} --max-size {params.MAX_SIZE} >> {log} 2>&1")
 
+rule check_md5sum:
+    """Curl the md5sum file from the SRA FTP site"""
+
+    version: 1.0
+    log: os.path.join(dirs_dict['LOGS_DIR'], "{accession}_check_md5sum.log")
+    input:
+        sra_file = os.path.join(dirs_dict['SRA_prefetch'], "{accession}", "{accession}.sra")
+    params:
+        md5sum = os.path.join(dirs_dict['SRA_prefetch'], "{accession}", "{accession}.json")
+    output:
+        md5sum_DONE = touch(os.path.join(dirs_dict['SRA_prefetch'], "{accession}", "{accession}.done"))
+    threads: M.T('check_md5sum')
+    run:
+        # Get the md5sum from the SRA FTP site
+        shell("curl 'https://locate.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sdl/2/retrieve?filetype=run&location-type=forced&location=s3.us-east-1&accept-charges=aws&acc={wildcards.accession}' --output {params.md5sum} >> {log} 2>&1")
+
+        # Get the expected md5sum hash
+        with open(params.md5sum) as sra_metadata_file:
+            sra_metadata_dict = json.load(sra_metadata_file)
+            expected_md5 = sra_metadata_dict['result'][0]['files'][0]['md5']
+
+        def calculate_md5(file_path):
+            """Calculate the md5sum of a file"""
+            import hashlib
+            hash_md5 = hashlib.md5()
+            with open(file_path, "rb") as f:
+                for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(4096), b""):
+                    hash_md5.update(chunk)
+            return hash_md5.hexdigest()
+
+        calculated_md5 = calculate_md5(input.sra_file)
+
+        # Compare expected and calculated md5 and log the result
+        log_path = str(log)
+        with open(log_path, 'a') as log_file:
+            if calculated_md5 == expected_md5:
+                log_file.write(f"Checksums match: {calculated_md5}\n")
+            else:
+                error_message = f"Checksums do not match: calculated {calculated_md5}, expected {expected_md5}"
+                log_file.write(error_message)
+                raise ValueError(error_message)
+
 
 rule fasterq_dump:
     """Use fasterq-dump to extract FASTQ file(s) from an SRA prefetch *.sra
@@ -99,7 +143,7 @@ rule fasterq_dump:
 
     version: 1.0
     log: os.path.join(dirs_dict['LOGS_DIR'], "{accession}_fasterq_dump.log")
-    input: ancient(rules.prefetch.output.SRA_TMP)
+    input: ancient(rules.check_md5sum.output.md5sum_DONE)
     output:
         FASTERQDUMP_DONE = touch(os.path.join(dirs_dict['FASTAS'], "{accession}-fasterq-dump.done")),
         FASTERQDUMP_TEMP = temp(directory("FASTERQDUMP_TEMP/{accession}"))