diff --git a/common/changes/@typespec/compiler/fix-alias-of-alias_2023-11-02-15-32.json b/common/changes/@typespec/compiler/fix-alias-of-alias_2023-11-02-15-32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5945164bd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/changes/@typespec/compiler/fix-alias-of-alias_2023-11-02-15-32.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "changes": [
+    {
+      "packageName": "@typespec/compiler",
+      "comment": "",
+      "type": "none"
+    }
+  ],
+  "packageName": "@typespec/compiler"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/compiler/src/core/checker.ts b/packages/compiler/src/core/checker.ts
index 5bfaf2b144..f07dbe06a3 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/src/core/checker.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/src/core/checker.ts
@@ -2344,12 +2344,19 @@ export function createChecker(program: Program): Checker {
     mapper: TypeMapper | undefined,
     options: SymbolResolutionOptions
   ): Sym | undefined {
-    const node = aliasSymbol.declarations[0];
-    const targetNode = node.kind === SyntaxKind.AliasStatement ? node.value : node;
-    const sym = resolveTypeReferenceSymInternal(targetNode as any, mapper, options);
-    if (sym === undefined) {
-      return undefined;
+    let current = aliasSymbol;
+    while (current.flags & SymbolFlags.Alias) {
+      const node = current.declarations[0];
+      const targetNode = node.kind === SyntaxKind.AliasStatement ? node.value : node;
+      const sym = resolveTypeReferenceSymInternal(targetNode as any, mapper, options);
+      if (sym === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
+      }
+      current = sym;
     }
+    const sym = current;
+    const node = aliasSymbol.declarations[0];
+
     const resolvedTargetNode = sym.declarations[0];
     if (!options.checkTemplateTypes || !isTemplatedNode(resolvedTargetNode)) {
       return sym;
diff --git a/packages/compiler/test/checker/references.test.ts b/packages/compiler/test/checker/references.test.ts
index ed9a8ce722..2f2a102062 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/test/checker/references.test.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/test/checker/references.test.ts
@@ -44,6 +44,18 @@ describe("compiler: references", () => {
         ref: "MyModel.x",
       }));
 
+    describe("member of alias of alias of model", () =>
+      itCanReference({
+        code: `
+          model MyModel {
+            @test("target") x: string;
+          }
+          alias Alias1  = MyModel;
+          alias MyModelAlias  = Alias1;
+        `,
+        ref: "MyModelAlias.x",
+      }));
+
     describe("spread property from model defined before", () =>
       itCanReference({
         code: `
@@ -421,6 +433,18 @@ describe("compiler: references", () => {
         ref: "MyInterfaceAlias.operation",
       }));
 
+    describe("member of alias of alias of interface", () =>
+      itCanReference({
+        code: `
+          interface MyInterface {
+            @test("target") operation(): void;
+          }
+          alias MyInterfaceAlias1  = MyInterface;
+          alias MyInterfaceAlias  = MyInterfaceAlias1;
+        `,
+        ref: "MyInterfaceAlias.operation",
+      }));
+
     describe("member of templated interface instance", () =>
       itCanReference({
         code: `