diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 7a1abb3..0000000
--- a/package.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "rewrite-codemods",
-  "version": "1.0.0",
-  "description": "Codemods for OpenRewrite",
-  "dependencies": {
-    "@next/codemod": "^14.0.3"
-  }
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/codemods/ApplyCodemod.java b/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/codemods/ApplyCodemod.java
index 98f7534..45155ca 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/codemods/ApplyCodemod.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/codemods/ApplyCodemod.java
@@ -27,16 +27,19 @@
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.nio.file.*;
 import java.util.*;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import static java.util.Collections.emptyList;
 
 @Value
 @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
 public class ApplyCodemod extends ScanningRecipe<ApplyCodemod.Accumulator> {
+    private static final String NODE_MODULES_KEY = ApplyCodemod.class.getName() + ".NODE_MODULES";
+
     @Option(displayName = "NPM package containing the codemod",
             description = "The codemod's NPM package name.",
             example = "@next/codemod")
@@ -97,19 +100,18 @@ public TreeVisitor<?, ExecutionContext> getScanner(Accumulator acc) {
 
     @Override
     public Collection<? extends SourceFile> generate(Accumulator acc, ExecutionContext ctx) {
-        String template = Optional.ofNullable(codemodCommandTemplate).orElse("${codemodArgs}");
+        Path nodeModules = ctx.getMessage(NODE_MODULES_KEY);
+        if (nodeModules == null) {
+            ctx.putMessage(NODE_MODULES_KEY, nodeModules = extractNodeModules());
+        }
+
         List<String> command = new ArrayList<>();
         command.add("node");
         // FIXME extract from jar
-        Path nodeModules = Paths.get("node_modules").toAbsolutePath();
         // FIXME parse `bin` from `@next/codemod/package.json`
-        command.add(nodeModules.resolve(npmPackage).toString());
-        if (npmPackageVersion != null) {
-            command.add("--version");
-            command.add(npmPackageVersion);
-        }
-        command.add(nodeModules.resolve("@next/codemod/bin/next-codemod.js").toString());
+        command.add(nodeModules.resolve(npmPackage).resolve("bin/next-codemod.js").toString());
 
+        String template = Optional.ofNullable(codemodCommandTemplate).orElse("${codemodArgs}");
         for (String part : template.split(" ")) {
             part = part.trim();
             int argsIdx = part.indexOf("${codemodArgs}");
@@ -149,6 +151,67 @@ public Collection<? extends SourceFile> generate(Accumulator acc, ExecutionConte
         return emptyList();
     }
 
+    private Path extractNodeModules() {
+        try {
+            URI uri = Objects.requireNonNull(ApplyCodemod.class.getClassLoader().getResource("codemods")).toURI();
+            if ("jar".equals(uri.getScheme())) {
+                try (FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystems.newFileSystem(uri, Collections.emptyMap(), null)) {
+                    Path codemodsPath = fileSystem.getPath("codemods");
+                    Path target = Files.createTempDirectory("codemods");
+                    copyNodeModules(codemodsPath, target);
+                    return target.resolve("node_modules");
+                }
+            } else if ("file".equals(uri.getScheme())) {
+                Path codemodsPath = Paths.get(uri);
+                Path target = Files.createTempDirectory("codemods");
+                copyNodeModules(codemodsPath, target);
+                return target.resolve("node_modules");
+            } else {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported scheme: " + uri.getScheme());
+            }
+        } catch (URISyntaxException | IOException | InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void copyNodeModules(Path codemodsPath, Path target) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        try (Stream<Path> stream = Files.walk(codemodsPath)) {
+            stream.forEach(source -> {
+                try {
+                    Files.copy(source, target.resolve(codemodsPath.relativize(source)), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+        recreateBinSymlinks(target);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The `node_modules/.bin` directory contains symlinks (corresponding to the `bin` key in the package's `package.json`)
+     * that point to the package's corresponding script. These must exist in order for the codemod to work properly.
+     * <p>
+     * Since Gradle won't preserve relative symlinks properly (see https://github.com/gradle/gradle/issues/3982) and
+     * jar files cannot contain symlinks, these must be recreated manually.
+     */
+    private static void recreateBinSymlinks(Path target) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        try (Stream<Path> files = Files.list(target.resolve("node_modules/.bin"))) {
+            files.forEach(f -> {
+                try {
+                    Files.delete(f);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+        // FIXME instead of using `npm install` to recreate the symlinks, consider processing the package.json files
+        ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder();
+        builder.command("npm", "install");
+        builder.directory(target.toFile());
+        Process process = builder.start();
+        process.waitFor();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public TreeVisitor<?, ExecutionContext> getVisitor(Accumulator acc) {
         return new TreeVisitor<Tree, ExecutionContext>() {
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/src/main/resources/codemods/package-lock.json
similarity index 99%
rename from package-lock.json
rename to src/main/resources/codemods/package-lock.json
index 045a179..053d267 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/src/main/resources/codemods/package-lock.json
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 {
-  "name": "rewrite-codemods",
-  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "name": "codemods",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
-      "name": "rewrite-codemods",
-      "version": "1.0.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@next/codemod": "^14.0.3"
       }
@@ -2660,9 +2657,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/electron-to-chromium": {
-      "version": "1.4.606",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/electron-to-chromium/-/electron-to-chromium-1.4.606.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Zdv0XuhfyWZUsQ5Uq59d43ZmZOdoGZNWjeN4WCxxlQaP8crAWdnWcTxfHKcaJl6PW2SWpHx6DsxSx7v6KcGCuw=="
+      "version": "1.4.607",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/electron-to-chromium/-/electron-to-chromium-1.4.607.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-YUlnPwE6eYxzwBnFmawA8LiLRfm70R2aJRIUv0n03uHt/cUzzYACOogmvk8M2+hVzt/kB80KJXx7d5f5JofPvQ=="
     },
     "node_modules/emoji-regex": {
       "version": "8.0.0",
diff --git a/src/main/resources/codemods/package.json b/src/main/resources/codemods/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50575ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/resources/codemods/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@next/codemod": "^14.0.3"
+  }
+}