Error: EXDEV: cross-device link not permitted

[shaokeyibb]

🐛 bug report

When build artifacts multiple times, there's sometimes an error occurred: Error: EXDEV: cross-device link not permitted, rename *path* -> *anotherPath*.

🎛 Configuration (.babelrc, package.json, cli command)

package.json:

{
  "name": "parcel-test",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "source": "src/index.js",
  "main": "dist/main.js",
  "scripts": {
    "watch": "parcel watch",
    "build": "parcel build"
  },
  "browserslist": "> 0.5%, last 2 versions, not dead",
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "@parcel/transformer-sass": "^2.13.3",
    "parcel": "^2.13.3"
  }
}

cli command: npm run build

🤔 Expected Behavior

No error should be thrown.

😯 Current Behavior

Error:

Error: EXDEV: cross-device link not permitted, rename 'C:\Users\shaok\AppData\Local\Temp\d3a1b9507cb44047-AssetGraph.3616.3' -> 'D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\.parcel-cache\d3a1b9507cb44047-AssetGraph'
    at async Object.rename (node:internal/fs/promises:783:10)
    at async $2a386c23470d420c$export$c4e0ef2ab73c21e7.writeFile (D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\node_modules\@parcel\fs\lib\index.js:1149:9)
    at async LMDBCache.setLargeBlob (D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\node_modules\@parcel\cache\lib\LMDBCache.js:117:5)
    at async Promise.all (index 1)
    at async RequestTracker.writeToCache (D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\node_modules\@parcel\core\lib\RequestTracker.js:868:7)
    at async Parcel._end (D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\node_modules\@parcel\core\lib\Parcel.js:221:5)
    at async Parcel.run (D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\node_modules\@parcel\core\lib\Parcel.js:213:5)
    at async run (D:\ProgramData\WebstormProjects\parcel-test\node_modules\parcel\lib\cli.js:356:7) {
  errno: -4037,
  code: 'EXDEV',
  syscall: 'rename',
  path: 'C:\\Users\\shaok\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\d3a1b9507cb44047-AssetGraph.3616.3',
  dest: 'D:\\ProgramData\\WebstormProjects\\parcel-test\\.parcel-cache\\d3a1b9507cb44047-AssetGraph'
}

💁 Possible Solution

It seems that fs.promises.rename is not allowed to move a file across different disk partitions. So replace all fs.promises.rename call to fs.promises.copyFile and fs.promises.unlink should fix this issue.

🔦 Context

It blocks all build actions.

💻 Code Sample

There's nothing more to test this issue, I just create a file src/index.js with only export default {}; and the issue happened.

🌍 Your Environment

Software	Version(s)
Parcel	2.13.3
Node	v22.14.0
npm/Yarn	10.2.4
Operating System	Windows 11 Pro for Workstations Insider Preview 26120.3291