diff --git a/src/extras/render-passes/render-pass-camera-frame.js b/src/extras/render-passes/render-pass-camera-frame.js
index 73717b30024..03f2f2e6e02 100644
--- a/src/extras/render-passes/render-pass-camera-frame.js
+++ b/src/extras/render-passes/render-pass-camera-frame.js
@@ -235,7 +235,8 @@ class RenderPassCameraFrame extends RenderPass {
         this.rt = new RenderTarget({
             colorBuffer: this.sceneTexture,
             depthBuffer: this.sceneDepth,
-            samples: options.samples
+            samples: options.samples,
+            flipY: !!targetRenderTarget?.flipY  // flipY is inherited from the target renderTarget
         });
 
         this.sceneOptions = {
@@ -335,9 +336,17 @@ class RenderPassCameraFrame extends RenderPass {
             this.scenePassTransparent.init(this.rt);
             ret.lastAddedIndex = this.scenePassTransparent.addLayers(composition, cameraComponent, ret.lastAddedIndex, ret.clearRenderTarget, options.lastSceneLayerId, options.lastSceneLayerIsTransparent);
 
-            // if prepass is enabled, we need to store the depth, as by default it gets discarded
-            if (options.prepassEnabled) {
-                this.scenePassTransparent.depthStencilOps.storeDepth = true;
+            // if no layers are rendered by this pass, remove it
+            if (!this.scenePassTransparent.rendersAnything) {
+                this.scenePassTransparent.destroy();
+                this.scenePassTransparent = null;
+            }
+
+            if (this.scenePassTransparent) {
+                // if prepass is enabled, we need to store the depth, as by default it gets discarded
+                if (options.prepassEnabled) {
+                    this.scenePassTransparent.depthStencilOps.storeDepth = true;
+                }
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/framework/components/camera/component.js b/src/framework/components/camera/component.js
index 3020ff19aa5..25ad2bcfd8e 100644
--- a/src/framework/components/camera/component.js
+++ b/src/framework/components/camera/component.js
@@ -231,13 +231,13 @@ class CameraComponent extends Component {
 
     /**
      * Sets the render passes the camera uses for rendering, instead of its default rendering.
-     * Set this to an empty array to return to the default behavior.
+     * Set this to null to return to the default behavior.
      *
-     * @type {RenderPass[]}
+     * @type {RenderPass[]|null}
      * @ignore
      */
     set renderPasses(passes) {
-        this._camera.renderPasses = passes;
+        this._camera.renderPasses = passes || [];
         this.dirtyLayerCompositionCameras();
         this.system.app.scene.updateShaders = true;
     }
@@ -840,6 +840,13 @@ class CameraComponent extends Component {
      * @type {RenderTarget}
      */
     set renderTarget(value) {
+
+        Debug.call(() => {
+            if (this._camera.renderPasses.length > 0) {
+                Debug.warn(`Setting a render target on the camera ${this.entity.name} after the render passes is not supported, set it up first.`);
+            }
+        });
+
         this._camera.renderTarget = value;
         this.dirtyLayerCompositionCameras();
     }
diff --git a/src/scene/composition/layer-composition.js b/src/scene/composition/layer-composition.js
index 00faddd7c19..b3a19b93a1f 100644
--- a/src/scene/composition/layer-composition.js
+++ b/src/scene/composition/layer-composition.js
@@ -626,9 +626,13 @@ class LayerComposition extends EventHandler {
     }
 
     isEnabled(layer, transparent) {
-        const index = transparent ? this.getTransparentIndex(layer) : this.getOpaqueIndex(layer);
-        Debug.assert(index >= 0, `${transparent ? 'Transparent' : 'Opaque'} layer ${layer.name} is not part of the composition.`);
-        return this.subLayerEnabled[index];
+        if (layer.enabled) {
+            const index = transparent ? this.getTransparentIndex(layer) : this.getOpaqueIndex(layer);
+            if (index >= 0) {
+                return this.subLayerEnabled[index];
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/scene/renderer/forward-renderer.js b/src/scene/renderer/forward-renderer.js
index 8a4486eef18..0ebce7173d0 100644
--- a/src/scene/renderer/forward-renderer.js
+++ b/src/scene/renderer/forward-renderer.js
@@ -868,6 +868,12 @@ class ForwardRenderer extends Renderer {
 
             if (renderAction.useCameraPasses)  {
 
+                Debug.call(() => {
+                    if (camera.postEffects.effects.length > 0) {
+                        Debug.warnOnce(`Camera '${camera.entity.name}' uses render passes, which are not compatible with post-effects scripts. Rendering of the post-effects is ignored, but they should not be attached to the camera.`);
+                    }
+                });
+
                 // schedule render passes from the camera
                 camera.camera.renderPasses.forEach((renderPass) => {
                     frameGraph.addRenderPass(renderPass);
diff --git a/src/scene/renderer/render-pass-forward.js b/src/scene/renderer/render-pass-forward.js
index 8037a683496..50d41d06b2a 100644
--- a/src/scene/renderer/render-pass-forward.js
+++ b/src/scene/renderer/render-pass-forward.js
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ class RenderPassForward extends RenderPass {
         this.renderer = renderer;
     }
 
+    get rendersAnything() {
+        return this.renderActions.length > 0;
+    }
+
     addRenderAction(renderAction) {
         this.renderActions.push(renderAction);
     }
@@ -96,8 +100,8 @@ class RenderPassForward extends RenderPass {
     /**
      * Adds layers to be rendered by this render pass, starting from the given index of the layer
      * in the layer composition, till the end of the layer list, or till the last layer with the
-     * given id and transparency is reached (inclusive). Note that only layers that are enabled
-     * and are rendered by the specified camera are added.
+     * given id and transparency is reached (inclusive). Note that only layers that are rendered by
+     * the specified camera are added.
      *
      * @param {LayerComposition} composition - The layer composition containing the layers to be
      * added, typically the scene layer composition.
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ class RenderPassForward extends RenderPass {
      */
     addLayers(composition, cameraComponent, startIndex, firstLayerClears, lastLayerId, lastLayerIsTransparent = true) {
 
-        const { layerList, subLayerEnabled, subLayerList } = composition;
+        const { layerList, subLayerList } = composition;
         let clearRenderTarget = firstLayerClears;
 
         let index = startIndex;
@@ -122,11 +126,10 @@ class RenderPassForward extends RenderPass {
 
             const layer = layerList[index];
             const isTransparent = subLayerList[index];
-            const enabled = layer.enabled && subLayerEnabled[index];
-            const renderedbyCamera = cameraComponent.camera.layersSet.has(layer.id);
+            const renderedByCamera = cameraComponent.camera.layersSet.has(layer.id);
 
             // add it for rendering
-            if (enabled && renderedbyCamera) {
+            if (renderedByCamera) {
                 this.addLayer(cameraComponent, layer, isTransparent, clearRenderTarget);
                 clearRenderTarget = false;
             }
@@ -211,7 +214,16 @@ class RenderPassForward extends RenderPass {
         const { layerComposition, renderActions } = this;
         for (let i = 0; i < renderActions.length; i++) {
             const ra = renderActions[i];
-            if (layerComposition.isEnabled(ra.layer, ra.transparent)) {
+            const layer = ra.layer;
+
+            Debug.call(() => {
+                const compLayer = layerComposition.getLayerByName(layer.name);
+                if (!compLayer) {
+                    Debug.warnOnce(`Layer ${layer.name} is not found in the scene and will not be rendered. Your render pass setup might need to be updated.`);
+                }
+            });
+
+            if (layerComposition.isEnabled(layer, ra.transparent)) {
                 this.renderRenderAction(ra, i === 0);
             }
         }