diff --git a/src/adapter/10/bindings.ts b/src/adapter/10/bindings.ts
index fee5c930..ed30fa6e 100644
--- a/src/adapter/10/bindings.ts
+++ b/src/adapter/10/bindings.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,17 @@ import { ComponentHooks, HookState, PreactBindings } from "../shared/bindings";
 import { RendererConfig } from "../shared/renderer";
 import { getRenderReasonPost } from "./renderReason";
 
+function getVirtualParent(vnode: VNode): VNode | null {
+	const vnodeChildren = getActualChildren(vnode);
+	if (vnodeChildren.length > 0 && isVNode(vnodeChildren[0])) {
+		const child = vnodeChildren[0];
+		if ((child as any).__linked_parent) {
+			return (child as any).__linked_parent;
+		}
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+
 // Mangle accessors
 
 /**
@@ -15,6 +26,7 @@ import { getRenderReasonPost } from "./renderReason";
  */
 export function getVNodeParent(vnode: VNode): VNode | null {
 	return (
+		getVirtualParent(vnode) ||
 		(vnode as IVNode)._parent ||
 		(vnode as any).__ ||
 		// Older Preact X versions used `__p`
@@ -172,7 +184,9 @@ export function getHookState(
 export function getActualChildren(
 	vnode: VNode,
 ): Array<VNode | null | undefined> {
-	return (vnode as IVNode)._children || (vnode as any).__k || [];
+	const children = (vnode as IVNode)._children || (vnode as any).__k || [];
+
+	return [...children, ...((vnode as any).__linked_children || [])];
 }
 
 // End Mangle accessors
diff --git a/src/adapter/11/bindings.ts b/src/adapter/11/bindings.ts
index 58fdbdca..d216d590 100644
--- a/src/adapter/11/bindings.ts
+++ b/src/adapter/11/bindings.ts
@@ -169,7 +169,10 @@ export function getDisplayName(internal: Internal, config: RendererConfig) {
 export function getActualChildren(
 	internal: Internal,
 ): Array<Internal | null | undefined> {
-	return (internal as Internal)._children || (internal as any).__k || [];
+	const children =
+		(internal as Internal)._children || (internal as any).__k || [];
+
+	return [...children, ...((internal as any).__linked_children || [])];
 }
 
 export function getComponent(node: HookState | Internal): Component | null {
@@ -192,11 +195,27 @@ export function getDom(internal: Internal): HTMLElement | Text | null {
 	return (internal as Internal)._dom || (internal as any).__e || null;
 }
 
+function getVirtualParent(vnode: Internal): Internal | null {
+	const vnodeChildren = getActualChildren(vnode);
+	if (vnodeChildren.length > 0 && isInternal(vnodeChildren[0])) {
+		const child = vnodeChildren[0];
+		if ((child as any).__linked_parent) {
+			return (child as any).__linked_parent;
+		}
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+
 /**
  * Get the direct parent of a `vnode`
  */
 export function getVNodeParent(internal: Internal): Internal | null {
-	return (internal as Internal)._parent || (internal as any).__ || null;
+	return (
+		getVirtualParent(internal) ||
+		(internal as Internal)._parent ||
+		(internal as any).__ ||
+		null
+	);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/adapter/shared/traverse.ts b/src/adapter/shared/traverse.ts
index d445451d..b8ed3d5b 100644
--- a/src/adapter/shared/traverse.ts
+++ b/src/adapter/shared/traverse.ts
@@ -183,6 +183,15 @@ export function shouldFilter<T extends SharedVNode>(
 	) {
 		return true;
 	}
+	// This is something like: when using linked parents / children, they come from
+	// separate commits, but they are linked, so will have children / parents set.
+	// Removing this results in duplicates on first start (interestingly, not
+	// duplicates when you toggle the "Fragments" element filter. I think this is
+	// because it then recreates the tree from children, and doesn't have the
+	// problem of creating this from separate commits)
+	if ((vnode as any).__linked_parent && !bindings.getComponent(vnode)) {
+		return true;
+	}
 
 	return false;
 }
diff --git a/test-e2e/fixtures/apps/root-multi-nested.jsx b/test-e2e/fixtures/apps/root-multi-nested.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d09628b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-e2e/fixtures/apps/root-multi-nested.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { h, render } from "preact";
+import { useEffect, useState } from "preact/hooks";
+
+function Display(props) {
+	return <div data-testid="result">Counter: {props.value}</div>;
+}
+
+function Child(props) {
+	return <h3>Child {props.id}</h3>;
+}
+
+function linkRoots(parent, child) {
+	// v10 linking
+	parent.__linked_children = [child];
+	child.__linked_parent = parent;
+}
+
+function Counter({ id }) {
+	const [v, set] = useState(0);
+
+	const ChildRoot1 = () => <div id="child-1" dangerouslySetInnerHTML="" />;
+	const ChildRoot2 = () => <div id="child-2" dangerouslySetInnerHTML="" />;
+
+	const childRoot1Vnode = <ChildRoot1 />;
+	const childRoot2Vnode = <ChildRoot2 />;
+
+	useEffect(() => {
+		const child1 = <Child id="1" />;
+		const child2 = <Child id="2" />;
+
+		linkRoots(childRoot1Vnode, child1);
+		linkRoots(childRoot2Vnode, child2);
+
+		render(child1, document.getElementById("child-1"));
+		render(child2, document.getElementById("child-2"));
+	}, []);
+
+	return (
+		<div style="padding: 2rem;">
+			<h3>{id}</h3>
+			<Display value={v} />
+			<button onClick={() => set(v + 1)}>Increment</button>
+
+			{childRoot1Vnode}
+			{childRoot2Vnode}
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+const app1 = <Counter id="Root" />;
+
+render(app1, document.getElementById("app"));