forked from twbs/bootstrap
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
css.html
2670 lines (2448 loc) · 99.6 KB
/
css.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
---
layout: default
title: CSS
slug: css
lead: "Global CSS settings, fundamental HTML elements styled and enhanced with extensible classes, and an advanced grid system."
base_url: "../"
---
<!-- Global Bootstrap settings
================================================== -->
<div class="bs-docs-section">
<div class="page-header">
<h1 id="overview">Overview</h1>
</div>
<p class="lead">Get the lowdown on the key pieces of Bootstrap's infrastructure, including our approach to better, faster, stronger web development.</p>
<h3 id="overview-doctype">HTML5 doctype</h3>
<p>Bootstrap makes use of certain HTML elements and CSS properties that require the use of the HTML5 doctype. Include it at the beginning of all your projects.</p>
{% highlight html %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
...
</html>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="overview-mobile">Mobile first</h3>
<p>With Bootstrap 2, we added optional mobile friendly styles for key aspects of the framework. With Bootstrap 3, we've rewritten the project to be mobile friendly from the start. Instead of adding on optional mobile styles, they're baked right into the core. In fact, <strong>Bootstrap is mobile first</strong>. Mobile first styles can be found throughout the entire library instead of in separate files.</p>
<p>To ensure proper rendering and touch zooming, <strong>add the viewport meta tag</strong> to your <code><head></code>.</p>
{% highlight html %}
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
{% endhighlight %}
<p>You can disable zooming capabilities on mobile devices by adding <code>user-scalable=no</code> to the viewport meta tag. This disables zooming, meaning users are only able to scroll, and results in your site feeling a bit more like a native application. Overall we don't recommend this on every site, so use caution!</p>
{% highlight html %}
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="overview-responsive-images">Responsive images</h3>
<p>Images in Bootstrap 3 can be made responsive-friendly via the addition of the <code>.img-responsive</code> class. This applies <code>max-width: 100%;</code> and <code>height: auto;</code> to the image so that it scales nicely to the parent element.</p>
{% highlight html %}
<img src="..." class="img-responsive" alt="Responsive image">
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="overview-type-links">Typography and links</h3>
<p>Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. Specifically, we:</p>
<ul>
<li>Set <code>background-color: #fff;</code> on the <code>body</code></li>
<li>Use the <code>@font-family-base</code>, <code>@font-size-base</code>, and <code>@line-height-base</code> attributes as our typographic base</li>
<li>Set the global link color via <code>@link-color</code> and apply link underlines only on <code>:hover</code></li>
</ul>
<p>These styles can be found within <code>scaffolding.less</code>.</p>
<h3 id="overview-normalize">Normalize</h3>
<p>For improved cross-browser rendering, we use <a href="http://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/" target="_blank">Normalize</a>, a project by <a href="http://twitter.com/necolas" target="_blank">Nicolas Gallagher</a> and <a href="http://twitter.com/jon_neal" target="_blank">Jonathan Neal</a>.</p>
<h3 id="overview-container">Containers</h3>
<p>Easily center a page's contents by wrapping its contents in a <code>.container</code>. Containers set <code>max-width</code> at various media query breakpoints to match our grid system.</p>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="container">
...
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
</div>
<!-- Grid system
================================================== -->
<div class="bs-docs-section">
<div class="page-header">
<h1 id="grid">Grid system</h1>
</div>
<p class="lead">Bootstrap includes a responsive, mobile first fluid grid system that appropriately scales up to 12 columns as the device or viewport size increases. It includes <a href="#grid-example-basic">predefined classes</a> for easy layout options, as well as powerful <a href="#grid-less">mixins for generating more semantic layouts</a>.</p>
<h3 id="grid-intro">Introduction</h3>
<p>Grid systems are used for creating page layouts through a series of rows and columns that house your content. Here's how the Bootstrap grid system works:</p>
<ul>
<li>Rows must be placed within a <code>.container</code> for proper alignment and padding.</li>
<li>Use rows to create horizontal groups of columns.</li>
<li>Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows.</li>
<li>Predefined grid classes like <code>.row</code> and <code>.col-xs-4</code> are available for quickly making grid layouts. LESS mixins can also be used for more semantic layouts.</li>
<li>Columns create gutters (gaps between column content) via <code>padding</code>. That padding is offset in rows for the first and last column via negative margin on <code>.row</code>s.</li>
<li>Grid columns are created by specifying the number of twelve available columns you wish to span. For example, three equal columns would use three <code>.col-xs-4</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Look to the examples for applying these principles to your code.</p>
<div class="bs-callout bs-callout-info">
<h4>Grids and full-width layouts</h4>
<p>Folks looking to create fully fluid layouts (meaning your site stretches the entire width of the viewport) must wrap their grid content in a containing element with <code>padding: 0 15px;</code> to offset the <code>margin: 0 -15px;</code> used on <code>.row</code>s.</p>
</div>
<h3 id="grid-media-queries">Media queries</h3>
<p>We use the following media queries in our LESS files to create the key breakpoints in our grid system.</p>
{% highlight css %}
/* Extra small devices (phones, less than 768px) */
/* No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap */
/* Small devices (tablets, 768px and up) */
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { ... }
/* Medium devices (desktops, 992px and up) */
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { ... }
/* Large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) */
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... }
{% endhighlight %}
<p>We occasionally expand on these media queries to include a <code>max-width</code> to limit CSS to a narrower set of devices.</p>
{% highlight css %}
@media (max-width: @screen-xs-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) and (max-width: @screen-sm-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) and (max-width: @screen-md-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... }
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-options">Grid options</h3>
<p>See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table.</p>
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>
Extra small devices
<small>Phones (<768px)</small>
</th>
<th>
Small devices
<small>Tablets (≥768px)</small>
</th>
<th>
Medium devices
<small>Desktops (≥992px)</small>
</th>
<th>
Large devices
<small>Desktops (≥1200px)</small>
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Grid behavior</th>
<td>Horizontal at all times</td>
<td colspan="3">Collapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Max container width</th>
<td>None (auto)</td>
<td>750px</td>
<td>970px</td>
<td>1170px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Class prefix</th>
<td><code>.col-xs-</code></td>
<td><code>.col-sm-</code></td>
<td><code>.col-md-</code></td>
<td><code>.col-lg-</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th># of columns</th>
<td colspan="4">12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Max column width</th>
<td class="text-muted">Auto</td>
<td>60px</td>
<td>78px</td>
<td>95px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Gutter width</th>
<td colspan="4">30px (15px on each side of a column)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Nestable</th>
<td colspan="4">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Offsets</th>
<td colspan="1" class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td colspan="3">Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Column ordering</th>
<td class="text-muted">N/A</td>
<td colspan="3">Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Grid classes apply to devices with screen widths greater than or equal to the breakpoint sizes, and override grid classes targeted at smaller devices. Therefore, applying any <code>.col-md-</code> class to an element will not only affect its styling on medium devices but also on large devices if a <code>.col-lg-</code> class is not present.</p>
<h3 id="grid-example-basic">Example: Stacked-to-horizontal</h3>
<p>Using a single set of <code>.col-md-*</code> grid classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked on mobile devices and tablet devices (the extra small to small range) before becoming horizontal on desktop (medium) devices. Place grid columns in any <code>.row</code>.</p>
<div class="bs-docs-grid">
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-8">.col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
<div class="col-md-1">.col-md-1</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">.col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-md-6">.col-md-6</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-example-mixed">Example: Mobile and desktop</h3>
<p>Don't want your columns to simply stack in smaller devices? Use the extra small and medium device grid classes by adding <code>.col-xs-*</code> <code>.col-md-*</code> to your columns. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.</p>
<div class="bs-docs-grid">
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8">.col-xs-12 .col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-xs-6">.col-xs-6</div>
<div class="col-xs-6">.col-xs-6</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<!-- Stack the columns on mobile by making one full-width and the other half-width -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8">.col-xs-12 .col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<!-- Columns start at 50% wide on mobile and bump up to 33.3% wide on desktop -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<!-- Columns are always 50% wide, on mobile and desktop -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-6">.col-xs-6</div>
<div class="col-xs-6">.col-xs-6</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-example-mixed-complete">Example: Mobile, tablet, desktops</h3>
<p>Build on the previous example by creating even more dynamic and powerful layouts with tablet <code>.col-sm-*</code> classes.</p>
<div class="bs-docs-grid">
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-8">.col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<!-- Optional: clear the XS cols if their content doesn't match in height -->
<div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-8">.col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">.col-xs-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
<!-- Optional: clear the XS cols if their content doesn't match in height -->
<div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-responsive-resets">Responsive column resets</h3>
<p>With the four tiers of grids available you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a <code>.clearfix</code> and our <a href="../css#responsive-utilities">responsive utility classes</a>.</p>
<div class="bs-docs-grid">
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
<br>
Resize your viewport or check it out on your phone for an example.
</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<!-- Add the extra clearfix for only the required viewport -->
<div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<!-- Add the extra clearfix for only the required viewport -->
<div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3">.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<p>In addition to column clearing at responsive breakpoints, you may need to <strong>reset offsets, pushes, or pulls</strong>. Those resets are available for medium and large grid tiers only, since they start only at the (second) small grid tier. See this in action in <a href="../examples/grid/">the grid example</a>.</p>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-5 col-md-6">.col-sm-5 .col-md-6</div>
<div class="col-sm-5 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-6 col-md-offset-0">.col-sm-5 .col-sm-offset-2 .col-md-6 .col-md-offset-0</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-lg-6">.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-lg-6</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-md-offset-2 col-lg-6 col-lg-offset-0">.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-md-offset-2 .col-lg-6 .col-lg-offset-0</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-offsetting">Offsetting columns</h3>
<p>Move columns to the right using <code>.col-md-offset-*</code> classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by <code>*</code> columns. For example, <code>.col-md-offset-4</code> moves <code>.col-md-4</code> over four columns.</p>
<div class="bs-docs-grid">
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-nesting">Nesting columns</h3>
<p>To nest your content with the default grid, add a new <code>.row</code> and set of <code>.col-md-*</code> columns within an existing <code>.col-md-*</code> column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12.</p>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-9">
Level 1: .col-md-9
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-6">
Level 2: .col-md-6
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
Level 2: .col-md-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
Level 1: .col-md-9
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
Level 2: .col-md-6
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
Level 2: .col-md-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-column-ordering">Column ordering</h3>
<p>Easily change the order of our built-in grid columns with <code>.col-md-push-*</code> and <code>.col-md-pull-*</code> modifier classes.</p>
<div class="row show-grid">
<div class="col-md-9 col-md-push-3">.col-md-9 .col-md-push-3</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-pull-9">.col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9</div>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 col-md-push-3">.col-md-9 .col-md-push-3</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-md-pull-9">.col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3 id="grid-less">LESS mixins and variables</h3>
<p>In addition to <a href="#grid-example-basic">prebuilt grid classes</a> for fast layouts, Bootstrap includes LESS variables and mixins for quickly generating your own simple, semantic layouts.</p>
<h4>Variables</h4>
<p>Variables determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below.</p>
{% highlight css %}
@grid-columns: 12;
@grid-gutter-width: 30px;
@grid-float-breakpoint: 768px;
{% endhighlight %}
<h4>Mixins</h4>
<p>Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns.</p>
{% highlight css %}
// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns
.make-row(@gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
// Then clear the floated columns
.clearfix();
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
margin-left: (@gutter / -2);
margin-right: (@gutter / -2);
}
// Negative margin nested rows out to align the content of columns
.row {
margin-left: (@gutter / -2);
margin-right: (@gutter / -2);
}
}
// Generate the extra small columns
.make-xs-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
@media (min-width: @grid-float-breakpoint) {
float: left;
width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the small columns
.make-sm-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
float: left;
width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the small column offsets
.make-sm-column-offset(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-sm-column-push(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-sm-column-pull(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) {
right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the medium columns
.make-md-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
float: left;
width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the medium column offsets
.make-md-column-offset(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-md-column-push(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-md-column-pull(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) {
right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the large columns
.make-lg-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) {
position: relative;
// Prevent columns from collapsing when empty
min-height: 1px;
// Inner gutter via padding
padding-left: (@gutter / 2);
padding-right: (@gutter / 2);
// Calculate width based on number of columns available
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
float: left;
width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
// Generate the large column offsets
.make-lg-column-offset(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-lg-column-push(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
.make-lg-column-pull(@columns) {
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) {
right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns));
}
}
{% endhighlight %}
<h4>Example usage</h4>
<p>You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between.</p>
{% highlight css %}
.wrapper {
.make-row();
}
.content-main {
.make-lg-column(8);
}
.content-secondary {
.make-lg-column(3);
.make-lg-column-offset(1);
}
{% endhighlight %}
{% highlight html %}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="content-main">...</div>
<div class="content-secondary">...</div>
</div>
{% endhighlight %}
</div>
<!-- Typography
================================================== -->
<div class="bs-docs-section">
<div class="page-header">
<h1 id="type">Typography</h1>
</div>
<!-- Headings -->
<h2 id="type-headings">Headings</h2>
<p>All HTML headings, <code><h1></code> through <code><h6></code>, are available. <code>.h1</code> through <code>.h6</code> classes are also available, for when you want to match the font styling of a heading but still want your text to be displayed inline.</p>
<div class="bs-example bs-example-type">
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><h1>h1. Bootstrap heading</h1></td>
<td class="info">Semibold 36px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h2>h2. Bootstrap heading</h2></td>
<td class="info">Semibold 30px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h3>h3. Bootstrap heading</h3></td>
<td class="info">Semibold 24px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h4>h4. Bootstrap heading</h4></td>
<td class="info">Semibold 18px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h5>h5. Bootstrap heading</h5></td>
<td class="info">Semibold 14px</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h6>h6. Bootstrap heading</h6></td>
<td class="info">Semibold 12px</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<h1>h1. Bootstrap heading</h1>
<h2>h2. Bootstrap heading</h2>
<h3>h3. Bootstrap heading</h3>
<h4>h4. Bootstrap heading</h4>
<h5>h5. Bootstrap heading</h5>
<h6>h6. Bootstrap heading</h6>
{% endhighlight %}
<p>Create lighter, secondary text in any heading with a generic <code><small></code> tag or the <code>.small</code> class.</p>
<div class="bs-example bs-example-type">
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><h1>h1. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h1></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h2>h2. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h2></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h3>h3. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h3></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h4>h4. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h4></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h5>h5. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h5></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h6>h6. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h6></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<h1>h1. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h1>
<h2>h2. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h2>
<h3>h3. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h3>
<h4>h4. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h4>
<h5>h5. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h5>
<h6>h6. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h6>
{% endhighlight %}
<!-- Body copy -->
<h2 id="type-body-copy">Body copy</h2>
<p>Bootstrap's global default <code>font-size</code> is <strong>14px</strong>, with a <code>line-height</code> of <strong>1.428</strong>. This is applied to the <code><body></code> and all paragraphs. In addition, <code><p></code> (paragraphs) receive a bottom margin of half their computed line-height (10px by default).</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p>Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula.</p>
<p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p>Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<p>...</p>
{% endhighlight %}
<!-- Body copy .lead -->
<h3>Lead body copy</h3>
<p>Make a paragraph stand out by adding <code>.lead</code>.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p class="lead">Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<p class="lead">...</p>
{% endhighlight %}
<!-- Using LESS -->
<h3>Built with Less</h3>
<p>The typographic scale is based on two LESS variables in <strong>variables.less</strong>: <code>@font-size-base</code> and <code>@line-height-base</code>. The first is the base font-size used throughout and the second is the base line-height. We use those variables and some simple math to create the margins, paddings, and line-heights of all our type and more. Customize them and Bootstrap adapts.</p>
<!-- Emphasis -->
<h2 id="type-emphasis">Emphasis</h2>
<p>Make use of HTML's default emphasis tags with lightweight styles.</p>
<h3>Small text</h3>
<p>For de-emphasizing inline or blocks of text, use the <code><small></code> tag to set text at 85% the size of the parent. Heading elements receive their own <code>font-size</code> for nested <code><small></code> elements.</p>
<p>You may alternatively use an inline element with <code>.small</code> in place of any <code><small></code></p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p><small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small></p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Bold</h3>
<p>For emphasizing a snippet of text with a heavier font-weight.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p>The following snippet of text is <strong>rendered as bold text</strong>.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<strong>rendered as bold text</strong>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Italics</h3>
<p>For emphasizing a snippet of text with italics.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p>The following snippet of text is <em>rendered as italicized text</em>.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<em>rendered as italicized text</em>
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="bs-callout bs-callout-info">
<h4>Alternate elements</h4>
<p>Feel free to use <code><b></code> and <code><i></code> in HTML5. <code><b></code> is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while <code><i></code> is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.</p>
</div>
<h3>Alignment classes</h3>
<p>Easily realign text to components with text alignment classes.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p class="text-left">Left aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-center">Center aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-right">Right aligned text.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<p class="text-left">Left aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-center">Center aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-right">Right aligned text.</p>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Emphasis classes</h3>
<p>Convey meaning through color with a handful of emphasis utility classes. These may also be applied to links and will darken on hover just like our default link styles.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p class="text-muted">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris nibh.</p>
<p class="text-primary">Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p class="text-success">Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.</p>
<p class="text-info">Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</p>
<p class="text-warning">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</p>
<p class="text-danger">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<p class="text-muted">...</p>
<p class="text-primary">...</p>
<p class="text-success">...</p>
<p class="text-info">...</p>
<p class="text-warning">...</p>
<p class="text-danger">...</p>
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="bs-callout bs-callout-info">
<h4>Dealing with specificity</h4>
<p>Sometimes emphasis classes cannot be applied due to the specificity of another selector. In most cases, a sufficient workaround is to wrap your text in a <code><span></code> with the class.</p>
</div>
<!-- Abbreviations -->
<h2 id="type-abbreviations">Abbreviations</h2>
<p>Stylized implementation of HTML's <code><abbr></code> element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations with a <code>title</code> attribute have a light dotted bottom border and a help cursor on hover, providing additional context on hover.</p>
<h3>Basic abbreviation</h3>
<p>For expanded text on long hover of an abbreviation, include the <code>title</code> attribute with the <code><abbr></code> element.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p>An abbreviation of the word attribute is <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr>.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Initialism</h3>
<p>Add <code>.initialism</code> to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<p><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr> is the best thing since sliced bread.</p>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr>
{% endhighlight %}
<!-- Addresses -->
<h2 id="type-addresses">Addresses</h2>
<p>Present contact information for the nearest ancestor or the entire body of work. Preserve formatting by ending all lines with <code><br></code>.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<address>
<strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
795 Folsom Ave, Suite 600<br>
San Francisco, CA 94107<br>
<abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br>
<a href="mailto:#">[email protected]</a>
</address>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<address>
<strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
795 Folsom Ave, Suite 600<br>
San Francisco, CA 94107<br>
<abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br>
<a href="mailto:#">[email protected]</a>
</address>
{% endhighlight %}
<!-- Blockquotes -->
<h2 id="type-blockquotes">Blockquotes</h2>
<p>For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document.</p>
<h3>Default blockquote</h3>
<p>Wrap <code><blockquote></code> around any <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> as the quote. For straight quotes, we recommend a <code><p></code>.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<blockquote>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<blockquote>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Blockquote options</h3>
<p>Style and content changes for simple variations on a standard <code><blockquote></code>.</p>
<h4>Naming a source</h4>
<p>Add <code><small></code> tag for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in <code><cite></code>.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<blockquote>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<small>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></small>
</blockquote>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<blockquote>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<small>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></small>
</blockquote>
{% endhighlight %}
<h4>Alternate displays</h4>
<p>Use <code>.pull-right</code> for a floated, right-aligned blockquote.</p>
<div class="bs-example" style="overflow: hidden;">
<blockquote class="pull-right">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<small>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></small>
</blockquote>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<blockquote class="pull-right">
...
</blockquote>
{% endhighlight %}
<!-- Lists -->
<h2 id="type-lists">Lists</h2>
<h3>Unordered</h3>
<p>A list of items in which the order does <em>not</em> explicitly matter.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<ul>
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<ul>
<li>...</li>
</ul>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Ordered</h3>
<p>A list of items in which the order <em>does</em> explicitly matter.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<ol>
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ol>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<ol>
<li>...</li>
</ol>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Unstyled</h3>
<p>Remove the default <code>list-style</code> and left margin on list items (immediate children only). <strong>This only applies to immediate children list items</strong>, meaning you will need to add the class for any nested lists as well.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>...</li>
</ul>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Inline</h3>
<p>Place all list items on a single line with <code>display: inline-block;</code> and some light padding.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<ul class="list-inline">
<li>Lorem ipsum</li>
<li>Phasellus iaculis</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat</li>
</ul>
</div>
{% highlight html %}
<ul class="list-inline">
<li>...</li>
</ul>
{% endhighlight %}
<h3>Description</h3>
<p>A list of terms with their associated descriptions.</p>
<div class="bs-example">
<dl>
<dt>Description lists</dt>
<dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>