Pandas_Demo3.ipynb

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        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "import numpy as np\n"
      ]
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        "people = {\n",
        "    'first': ['Corey', 'Jane', 'John', 'Chris', np.nan, None, 'NA'], \n",
        "    'last': ['Schafer', 'Doe', 'Doe', 'Schafer', np.nan, np.nan, 'Missing'], \n",
        "    'email': ['CoreyMSchafer@gmail.com', 'JaneDoe@email.com', 'JohnDoe@email.com', None, np.nan, 'Anonymous@email.com', 'NA'],\n",
        "    'age': ['33', '55', '63', '36', None, None, 'Missing']\n",
        "}"
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        "df = pd.DataFrame(people)\n",
        "df.replace('NA', np.nan, inplace=True)\n",
        "df.replace('Missing', np.nan, inplace=True)\n",
        "df"
      ],
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              "   first     last                    email   age\n",
              "0  Corey  Schafer  CoreyMSchafer@gmail.com    33\n",
              "1   Jane      Doe        JaneDoe@email.com    55\n",
              "2   John      Doe        JohnDoe@email.com    63\n",
              "3  Chris  Schafer                     None    36\n",
              "4    NaN      NaN                      NaN  None\n",
              "5   None      NaN      Anonymous@email.com  None\n",
              "6    NaN      NaN                      NaN   NaN"
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              "   first     last                    email age\n",
              "0  Corey  Schafer  CoreyMSchafer@gmail.com  33\n",
              "1   Jane      Doe        JaneDoe@email.com  55\n",
              "2   John      Doe        JohnDoe@email.com  63"
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              "   first     last                    email   age\n",
              "0  Corey  Schafer  CoreyMSchafer@gmail.com    33\n",
              "1   Jane      Doe        JaneDoe@email.com    55\n",
              "2   John      Doe        JohnDoe@email.com    63\n",
              "3  Chris  Schafer                     None    36\n",
              "5   None      NaN      Anonymous@email.com  None"
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              "   first   last  email    age\n",
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              "   first     last                    email age\n",
              "0  Corey  Schafer  CoreyMSchafer@gmail.com  33\n",
              "1   Jane      Doe        JaneDoe@email.com  55\n",
              "2   John      Doe        JohnDoe@email.com  63\n",
              "3  Chris  Schafer                        0  36\n",
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          "data": {
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              "first    object\n",
              "last     object\n",
              "email    object\n",
              "age      object\n",
              "dtype: object"
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          "metadata": {},
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      "outputs": [
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          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "ignored",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-23-f17fc7aadc36>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'age'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmean\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
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            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/nanops.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mnew_func\u001b[0;34m(values, axis, skipna, mask, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    409\u001b[0m             \u001b[0mmask\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0misna\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    410\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 411\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0mresult\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfunc\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0maxis\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0maxis\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mskipna\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mskipna\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmask\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmask\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    412\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    413\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdatetimelike\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/nanops.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mnanmean\u001b[0;34m(values, axis, skipna, mask)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    664\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    665\u001b[0m     \u001b[0mcount\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_get_counts\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mshape\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmask\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0maxis\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdtype_count\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 666\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0mthe_sum\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_ensure_numeric\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msum\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0maxis\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdtype_sum\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    667\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    668\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0maxis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mand\u001b[0m \u001b[0mgetattr\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mthe_sum\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\"ndim\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mFalse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/numpy/core/_methods.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m_sum\u001b[0;34m(a, axis, dtype, out, keepdims, initial, where)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     46\u001b[0m def _sum(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=False,\n\u001b[1;32m     47\u001b[0m          initial=_NoValue, where=True):\n\u001b[0;32m---> 48\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mumr_sum\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0maxis\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mout\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mkeepdims\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0minitial\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mwhere\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     49\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     50\u001b[0m def _prod(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=False,\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "type(np.nan)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "XqFItuCWV-ZX",
        "outputId": "c9422ec0-ec0f-474d-aaed-9c03d8d9d857"
      },
      "execution_count": 24,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "float"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 24
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['age'] = df['age'].astype(int)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 224
        },
        "id": "_wE9XjBaWC6w",
        "outputId": "ef54d25d-ddfb-4d32-f7c3-f0bee3180220"
      },
      "execution_count": 25,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "TypeError",
          "evalue": "ignored",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-25-9b0df8191b9d>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'age'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'age'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mastype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/generic.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mastype\u001b[0;34m(self, dtype, copy, errors)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   5813\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32melse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   5814\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;31m# else, only a single dtype is given\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 5815\u001b[0;31m             \u001b[0mnew_data\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_mgr\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mastype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   5816\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_constructor\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mnew_data\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m__finalize__\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmethod\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"astype\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   5817\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mastype\u001b[0;34m(self, dtype, copy, errors)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    416\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    417\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mastype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0mT\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0mbool\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mFalse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m \u001b[0mstr\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\"raise\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m->\u001b[0m \u001b[0mT\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 418\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mapply\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"astype\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    419\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    420\u001b[0m     def convert(\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/internals/managers.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mapply\u001b[0;34m(self, f, align_keys, ignore_failures, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    325\u001b[0m                     \u001b[0mapplied\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mb\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mapply\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    326\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;32melse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 327\u001b[0;31m                     \u001b[0mapplied\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mgetattr\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mb\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    328\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mTypeError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mNotImplementedError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    329\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mignore_failures\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/internals/blocks.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mastype\u001b[0;34m(self, dtype, copy, errors)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    589\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    590\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 591\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0mnew_values\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mastype_array_safe\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    592\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    593\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mnew_values\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmaybe_coerce_values\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mnew_values\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mastype_array_safe\u001b[0;34m(values, dtype, copy, errors)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1307\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1308\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1309\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0mnew_values\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mastype_array\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1310\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mValueError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mTypeError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1311\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# e.g. astype_nansafe can fail on object-dtype of strings\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mastype_array\u001b[0;34m(values, dtype, copy)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1255\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1256\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1257\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mastype_nansafe\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mvalues\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopy\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1258\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1259\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;31m# in pandas we don't store numpy str dtypes, so convert to object\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mastype_nansafe\u001b[0;34m(arr, dtype, copy, skipna)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1172\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# work around NumPy brokenness, #1987\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1173\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0missubdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0minteger\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1174\u001b[0;31m             \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mlib\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mastype_intsafe\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0marr\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1175\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1176\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# if we have a datetime/timedelta array of objects\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;32m/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/_libs/lib.pyx\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mpandas._libs.lib.astype_intsafe\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n",
            "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'NoneType'"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['age'] = df['age'].astype(float)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "n_P9X5laWMqK"
      },
      "execution_count": 26,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df.dtypes"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "aubobYgCXJGa",
        "outputId": "bffb9e13-095e-47a0-fe51-e2875b199554"
      },
      "execution_count": 27,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "first     object\n",
              "last      object\n",
              "email     object\n",
              "age      float64\n",
              "dtype: object"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 27
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['age'].mean()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "uSh3IvdwXMmq",
        "outputId": "31b2322c-6c76-4236-c217-c8bbb643f2c2"
      },
      "execution_count": 28,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "46.75"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 28
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "na_vals = ['NA', 'Missing']\n",
        "df = pd.read_csv('survey_results_public.csv', index_col='Respondent', na_values=na_vals)\n",
        "schema_df = pd.read_csv('survey_results_schema.csv', index_col='Column')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YNpZCX5bXRfr"
      },
      "execution_count": 33,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "pd.set_option('display.max_columns', 85)\n",
        "pd.set_option('display.max_rows', 85)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mQ3zV6pRXy0k"
      },
      "execution_count": 34,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 839
        },
        "id": "bUGmj5A6dbp2",
        "outputId": "51d10941-3827-433b-f41d-9261b07364e0"
      },
      "execution_count": 35,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                                                   MainBranch Hobbyist  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                               \n",
              "1                      I am a student who is learning to code      Yes   \n",
              "2                      I am a student who is learning to code       No   \n",
              "3           I am not primarily a developer, but I write co...      Yes   \n",
              "4                              I am a developer by profession       No   \n",
              "5                              I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           OpenSourcer  \\\n",
              "Respondent                               \n",
              "1                                Never   \n",
              "2              Less than once per year   \n",
              "3                                Never   \n",
              "4                                Never   \n",
              "5           Once a month or more often   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   OpenSource  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1           The quality of OSS and closed source software ...   \n",
              "2           The quality of OSS and closed source software ...   \n",
              "3           The quality of OSS and closed source software ...   \n",
              "4           The quality of OSS and closed source software ...   \n",
              "5           OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                        Employment                 Country  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                   \n",
              "1           Not employed, and not looking for work          United Kingdom   \n",
              "2               Not employed, but looking for work  Bosnia and Herzegovina   \n",
              "3                               Employed full-time                Thailand   \n",
              "4                               Employed full-time           United States   \n",
              "5                               Employed full-time                 Ukraine   \n",
              "\n",
              "                   Student                                            EdLevel  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                      \n",
              "1                       No                          Primary/elementary school   \n",
              "2           Yes, full-time  Secondary school (e.g. American high school, G...   \n",
              "3                       No           Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "4                       No           Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "5                       No           Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                               UndergradMajor  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                                                         NaN   \n",
              "2                                                         NaN   \n",
              "3                               Web development or web design   \n",
              "4           Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...   \n",
              "5           Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                     EduOther  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1           Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...   \n",
              "2           Taken an online course in programming or softw...   \n",
              "3           Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...   \n",
              "4           Taken an online course in programming or softw...   \n",
              "5           Taken an online course in programming or softw...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                             OrgSize  \\\n",
              "Respondent                             \n",
              "1                                NaN   \n",
              "2                                NaN   \n",
              "3               100 to 499 employees   \n",
              "4               100 to 499 employees   \n",
              "5           10,000 or more employees   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      DevType YearsCode  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                \n",
              "1                                                         NaN         4   \n",
              "2           Developer, desktop or enterprise applications;...       NaN   \n",
              "3           Designer;Developer, back-end;Developer, front-...         3   \n",
              "4                                       Developer, full-stack         3   \n",
              "5           Academic researcher;Developer, desktop or ente...        16   \n",
              "\n",
              "           Age1stCode      YearsCodePro           CareerSat  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                    \n",
              "1                  10               NaN                 NaN   \n",
              "2                  17               NaN                 NaN   \n",
              "3                  22                 1  Slightly satisfied   \n",
              "4                  16  Less than 1 year      Very satisfied   \n",
              "5                  14                 9   Very dissatisfied   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           JobSat              MgrIdiot  MgrMoney   MgrWant  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                    \n",
              "1                             NaN                   NaN       NaN       NaN   \n",
              "2                             NaN                   NaN       NaN       NaN   \n",
              "3              Slightly satisfied  Not at all confident  Not sure  Not sure   \n",
              "4              Slightly satisfied        Very confident        No  Not sure   \n",
              "5           Slightly dissatisfied    Somewhat confident       Yes        No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      JobSeek  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                                                         NaN   \n",
              "2                             I am actively looking for a job   \n",
              "3           I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...   \n",
              "4                I am not interested in new job opportunities   \n",
              "5                I am not interested in new job opportunities   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    LastHireDate  \\\n",
              "Respondent                         \n",
              "1                            NaN   \n",
              "2           I've never had a job   \n",
              "3                  1-2 years ago   \n",
              "4           Less than a year ago   \n",
              "5           Less than a year ago   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      LastInt FizzBuzz  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                               \n",
              "1                                                         NaN      NaN   \n",
              "2                                                         NaN      NaN   \n",
              "3                         Interview with people in peer roles       No   \n",
              "4           Write code by hand (e.g., on a whiteboard);Int...       No   \n",
              "5           Write any code;Write code by hand (e.g., on a ...       No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   JobFactors  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                                                         NaN   \n",
              "2           Financial performance or funding status of the...   \n",
              "3           Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...   \n",
              "4           Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...   \n",
              "5           Industry that I'd be working in;Languages, fra...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                 ResumeUpdate CurrencySymbol  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                     \n",
              "1                                                         NaN            NaN   \n",
              "2           Something else changed (education, award, medi...            NaN   \n",
              "3                            I was preparing for a job search            THB   \n",
              "4                            I was preparing for a job search            USD   \n",
              "5                            I was preparing for a job search            UAH   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    CurrencyDesc  CompTotal CompFreq  ConvertedComp  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                            \n",
              "1                            NaN        NaN      NaN            NaN   \n",
              "2                            NaN        NaN      NaN            NaN   \n",
              "3                      Thai baht    23000.0  Monthly         8820.0   \n",
              "4           United States dollar    61000.0   Yearly        61000.0   \n",
              "5              Ukrainian hryvnia        NaN      NaN            NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "            WorkWeekHrs                                           WorkPlan  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                   \n",
              "1                   NaN                                                NaN   \n",
              "2                   NaN                                                NaN   \n",
              "3                  40.0  There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...   \n",
              "4                  80.0  There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...   \n",
              "5                  55.0  There is a schedule and/or spec (made by me or...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                WorkChallenge  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                                                         NaN   \n",
              "2                                                         NaN   \n",
              "3           Distracting work environment;Inadequate access...   \n",
              "4                                                         NaN   \n",
              "5           Being tasked with non-development work;Inadequ...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                  WorkRemote WorkLoc                  ImpSyn  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                     \n",
              "1                                        NaN     NaN                     NaN   \n",
              "2                                        NaN     NaN                     NaN   \n",
              "3           Less than once per month / Never    Home                 Average   \n",
              "4           Less than once per month / Never    Home  A little below average   \n",
              "5                      A few days each month  Office  A little above average   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                            CodeRev  CodeRevHrs  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                        \n",
              "1                                               NaN         NaN   \n",
              "2                                               NaN         NaN   \n",
              "3                                                No         NaN   \n",
              "4                                                No         NaN   \n",
              "5           Yes, because I see value in code review         NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                UnitTests  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                  \n",
              "1                                     NaN   \n",
              "2                                     NaN   \n",
              "3               No, but I think we should   \n",
              "4               No, but I think we should   \n",
              "5           Yes, it's part of our process   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  PurchaseHow  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                                                         NaN   \n",
              "2                                                         NaN   \n",
              "3                                                    Not sure   \n",
              "4           Developers typically have the most influence o...   \n",
              "5                                                    Not sure   \n",
              "\n",
              "                             PurchaseWhat  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                  \n",
              "1                                     NaN   \n",
              "2                                     NaN   \n",
              "3           I have little or no influence   \n",
              "4           I have little or no influence   \n",
              "5           I have little or no influence   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                     LanguageWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                \n",
              "1                       HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;Python   \n",
              "2                                   C++;HTML/CSS;Python   \n",
              "3                                              HTML/CSS   \n",
              "4                                   C;C++;C#;Python;SQL   \n",
              "5           C++;HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;VBA   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                     LanguageDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                    \n",
              "1           C;C++;C#;Go;HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL   \n",
              "2                               C++;HTML/CSS;JavaScript;SQL   \n",
              "3                                           Elixir;HTML/CSS   \n",
              "4                                       C;C#;JavaScript;SQL   \n",
              "5                  HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;SQL;WebAssembly   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                          DatabaseWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                     \n",
              "1                                                     SQLite   \n",
              "2                                                        NaN   \n",
              "3                                                 PostgreSQL   \n",
              "4                                               MySQL;SQLite   \n",
              "5           Couchbase;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;PostgreSQL;SQLite   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                       DatabaseDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                                                       MySQL   \n",
              "2                                                       MySQL   \n",
              "3                                                  PostgreSQL   \n",
              "4                                                MySQL;SQLite   \n",
              "5           Couchbase;Firebase;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;Postgr...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           PlatformWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                      \n",
              "1                               MacOS;Windows   \n",
              "2                                     Windows   \n",
              "3                                         NaN   \n",
              "4                               Linux;Windows   \n",
              "5           Android;Linux;MacOS;Slack;Windows   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           PlatformDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                          \n",
              "1                         Android;Arduino;Windows   \n",
              "2                                         Windows   \n",
              "3                                             NaN   \n",
              "4                                   Linux;Windows   \n",
              "5           Android;Docker;Kubernetes;Linux;Slack   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                     WebFrameWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                \n",
              "1                                          Django;Flask   \n",
              "2                                                Django   \n",
              "3                                                   NaN   \n",
              "4                                                   NaN   \n",
              "5           Django;Express;Flask;jQuery;React.js;Spring   \n",
              "\n",
              "                  WebFrameDesireNextYear MiscTechWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                    \n",
              "1                           Flask;jQuery            Node.js   \n",
              "2                                 Django                NaN   \n",
              "3                              Other(s):                NaN   \n",
              "4                                    NaN               .NET   \n",
              "5           Flask;jQuery;React.js;Spring    Cordova;Node.js   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              MiscTechDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                             \n",
              "1                                            Node.js   \n",
              "2                                                NaN   \n",
              "3                                                NaN   \n",
              "4                                               .NET   \n",
              "5           Apache Spark;Hadoop;Node.js;React Native   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                              DevEnviron        OpSys  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                              \n",
              "1                             IntelliJ;Notepad++;PyCharm      Windows   \n",
              "2                                           Atom;PyCharm      Windows   \n",
              "3                                 Vim;Visual Studio Code  Linux-based   \n",
              "4           Eclipse;Vim;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code      Windows   \n",
              "5                                 IntelliJ;Notepad++;Vim  Linux-based   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                        Containers BlockchainOrg  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                         \n",
              "1                          I do not use containers           NaN   \n",
              "2                          I do not use containers           NaN   \n",
              "3                          I do not use containers           NaN   \n",
              "4                          I do not use containers    Not at all   \n",
              "5           Outside of work, for personal projects    Not at all   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                 BlockchainIs BetterLife  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                 \n",
              "1                                                         NaN        Yes   \n",
              "2           Useful across many domains and could change ma...        Yes   \n",
              "3                                                         NaN        Yes   \n",
              "4           Useful for decentralized currency (i.e., Bitcoin)        Yes   \n",
              "5                                                         NaN        Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                            ITperson OffOn SocialMedia  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                               \n",
              "1           Fortunately, someone else has that title   Yes     Twitter   \n",
              "2                                                Yes   Yes   Instagram   \n",
              "3                                                Yes   Yes      Reddit   \n",
              "4                                               SIGH   Yes      Reddit   \n",
              "5                                           Also Yes   Yes    Facebook   \n",
              "\n",
              "                        Extraversion ScreenName        SOVisit1st  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                          \n",
              "1                             Online   Username              2017   \n",
              "2                             Online   Username              2017   \n",
              "3           In real life (in person)   Username              2011   \n",
              "4           In real life (in person)   Username              2014   \n",
              "5           In real life (in person)   Username  I don't remember   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                SOVisitFreq  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                    \n",
              "1           A few times per month or weekly   \n",
              "2                     Daily or almost daily   \n",
              "3                      A few times per week   \n",
              "4                     Daily or almost daily   \n",
              "5                    Multiple times per day   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                    SOVisitTo  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1           Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "2           Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "3           Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "4           Find answers to specific questions;Pass the ti...   \n",
              "5                          Find answers to specific questions   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           SOFindAnswer                     SOTimeSaved  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                \n",
              "1                    3-5 times per week  Stack Overflow was much faster   \n",
              "2                    3-5 times per week  Stack Overflow was much faster   \n",
              "3                   6-10 times per week        They were about the same   \n",
              "4                    1-2 times per week  Stack Overflow was much faster   \n",
              "5           More than 10 times per week  Stack Overflow was much faster   \n",
              "\n",
              "            SOHowMuchTime SOAccount                           SOPartFreq  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                 \n",
              "1           31-60 minutes        No                                  NaN   \n",
              "2           11-30 minutes       Yes      A few times per month or weekly   \n",
              "3                     NaN       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "4           31-60 minutes       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "5                     NaN       Yes      A few times per month or weekly   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                       SOJobs  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1           No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jo...   \n",
              "2           No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...   \n",
              "3                                                         Yes   \n",
              "4                                                         Yes   \n",
              "5           No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                     EntTeams  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "1                         No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "2                         No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "3           No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...   \n",
              "4                         No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "5           No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                     SOComm                            WelcomeChange  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                             \n",
              "1                   Neutral  Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "2             Yes, somewhat  Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "3                   Neutral  Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "4            No, not really  Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "5           Yes, definitely  Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                 SONewContent   Age Gender  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                   \n",
              "1           Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  14.0    Man   \n",
              "2           Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  19.0    Man   \n",
              "3           Tech meetups or events in your area;Courses on...  28.0    Man   \n",
              "4           Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  22.0    Man   \n",
              "5           Tech meetups or events in your area;Courses on...  30.0    Man   \n",
              "\n",
              "           Trans                Sexuality  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                  \n",
              "1             No  Straight / Heterosexual   \n",
              "2             No  Straight / Heterosexual   \n",
              "3             No  Straight / Heterosexual   \n",
              "4             No  Straight / Heterosexual   \n",
              "5             No  Straight / Heterosexual   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                           Ethnicity Dependents  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                        \n",
              "1                                                NaN         No   \n",
              "2                                                NaN         No   \n",
              "3                                                NaN        Yes   \n",
              "4                       White or of European descent         No   \n",
              "5           White or of European descent;Multiracial         No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                     SurveyLength                  SurveyEase  \n",
              "Respondent                                                     \n",
              "1           Appropriate in length  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "2           Appropriate in length  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "3           Appropriate in length  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "4           Appropriate in length                        Easy  \n",
              "5           Appropriate in length                        Easy  "
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              "      <td>The quality of OSS and closed source software ...</td>\n",
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              "      <td>No</td>\n",
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              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <td>10</td>\n",
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              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;Python</td>\n",
              "      <td>C;C++;C#;Go;HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL</td>\n",
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              "      <td>MySQL</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Node.js</td>\n",
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              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <td>A few times per month or weekly</td>\n",
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              "      <td>3-5 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was much faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>31-60 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jo...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neutral</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a student who is learning to code</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Less than once per year</td>\n",
              "      <td>The quality of OSS and closed source software ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not employed, but looking for work</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bosnia and Herzegovina</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Secondary school (e.g. American high school, G...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taken an online course in programming or softw...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>17</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Financial performance or funding status of the...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Something else changed (education, award, medi...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>C++;HTML/CSS;Python</td>\n",
              "      <td>C++;HTML/CSS;JavaScript;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>MySQL</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Windows</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Django</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Atom;PyCharm</td>\n",
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              "      <td>I do not use containers</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful across many domains and could change ma...</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Username</td>\n",
              "      <td>2017</td>\n",
              "      <td>Daily or almost daily</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-5 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was much faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per month or weekly</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, somewhat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
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              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am not primarily a developer, but I write co...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>The quality of OSS and closed source software ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Thailand</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Web development or web design</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>100 to 499 employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Designer;Developer, back-end;Developer, front-...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>22</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>1-2 years ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Interview with people in peer roles</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I was preparing for a job search</td>\n",
              "      <td>THB</td>\n",
              "      <td>Thai baht</td>\n",
              "      <td>23000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>8820.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>40.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Distracting work environment;Inadequate access...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month / Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>Home</td>\n",
              "      <td>Average</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, but I think we should</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>I have little or no influence</td>\n",
              "      <td>HTML/CSS</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elixir;HTML/CSS</td>\n",
              "      <td>PostgreSQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>PostgreSQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Other(s):</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Vim;Visual Studio Code</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>I do not use containers</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Reddit</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Username</td>\n",
              "      <td>2011</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>6-10 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>They were about the same</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neutral</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech meetups or events in your area;Courses on...</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>The quality of OSS and closed source software ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>United States</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taken an online course in programming or softw...</td>\n",
              "      <td>100 to 499 employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, full-stack</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>16</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than 1 year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>I am not interested in new job opportunities</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than a year ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Write code by hand (e.g., on a whiteboard);Int...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I was preparing for a job search</td>\n",
              "      <td>USD</td>\n",
              "      <td>United States dollar</td>\n",
              "      <td>61000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yearly</td>\n",
              "      <td>61000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>80.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month / Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>Home</td>\n",
              "      <td>A little below average</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, but I think we should</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developers typically have the most influence o...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I have little or no influence</td>\n",
              "      <td>C;C++;C#;Python;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>C;C#;JavaScript;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>MySQL;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>MySQL;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET</td>\n",
              "      <td>Eclipse;Vim;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code</td>\n",
              "      <td>Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>I do not use containers</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful for decentralized currency (i.e., Bitcoin)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>SIGH</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Reddit</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Username</td>\n",
              "      <td>2014</td>\n",
              "      <td>Daily or almost daily</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Pass the ti...</td>\n",
              "      <td>1-2 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was much faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>31-60 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, not really</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>White or of European descent</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Easy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Once a month or more often</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Ukraine</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taken an online course in programming or softw...</td>\n",
              "      <td>10,000 or more employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Academic researcher;Developer, desktop or ente...</td>\n",
              "      <td>16</td>\n",
              "      <td>14</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very dissatisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly dissatisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Somewhat confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>I am not interested in new job opportunities</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than a year ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Write any code;Write code by hand (e.g., on a ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Industry that I'd be working in;Languages, fra...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I was preparing for a job search</td>\n",
              "      <td>UAH</td>\n",
              "      <td>Ukrainian hryvnia</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>55.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There is a schedule and/or spec (made by me or...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Being tasked with non-development work;Inadequ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few days each month</td>\n",
              "      <td>Office</td>\n",
              "      <td>A little above average</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, because I see value in code review</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's part of our process</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>I have little or no influence</td>\n",
              "      <td>C++;HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;VBA</td>\n",
              "      <td>HTML/CSS;Java;JavaScript;SQL;WebAssembly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Couchbase;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;PostgreSQL;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>Couchbase;Firebase;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;Postgr...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Linux;MacOS;Slack;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Docker;Kubernetes;Linux;Slack</td>\n",
              "      <td>Django;Express;Flask;jQuery;React.js;Spring</td>\n",
              "      <td>Flask;jQuery;React.js;Spring</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cordova;Node.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Apache Spark;Hadoop;Node.js;React Native</td>\n",
              "      <td>IntelliJ;Notepad++;Vim</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>Outside of work, for personal projects</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Also Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Facebook</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Username</td>\n",
              "      <td>I don't remember</td>\n",
              "      <td>Multiple times per day</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions</td>\n",
              "      <td>More than 10 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was much faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per month or weekly</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, definitely</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech meetups or events in your area;Courses on...</td>\n",
              "      <td>30.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>White or of European descent;Multiracial</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Easy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-202b118f-db47-4d83-bbef-7de6ff1f6081')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
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              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
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              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
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              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
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              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
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              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-202b118f-db47-4d83-bbef-7de6ff1f6081 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-202b118f-db47-4d83-bbef-7de6ff1f6081');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
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              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 35
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'].head(10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "idw4HaYYdeh5",
        "outputId": "b3307574-37a8-4f48-b83a-684f7db91306"
      },
      "execution_count": 36,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Respondent\n",
              "1       4\n",
              "2     NaN\n",
              "3       3\n",
              "4       3\n",
              "5      16\n",
              "6      13\n",
              "7       6\n",
              "8       8\n",
              "9      12\n",
              "10     12\n",
              "Name: YearsCode, dtype: object"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 36
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'].unique()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "7vzyoFTXdjOL",
        "outputId": "431ba2f6-159a-44b8-dfc7-5a4f2b650d48"
      },
      "execution_count": 40,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "array(['4', nan, '3', '16', '13', '6', '8', '12', '2', '5', '17', '10',\n",
              "       '14', '35', '7', 'Less than 1 year', '30', '9', '26', '40', '19',\n",
              "       '15', '20', '28', '25', '1', '22', '11', '33', '50', '41', '18',\n",
              "       '34', '24', '23', '42', '27', '21', '36', '32', '39', '38', '31',\n",
              "       '37', 'More than 50 years', '29', '44', '45', '48', '46', '43',\n",
              "       '47', '49'], dtype=object)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 40
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'].replace('Less than 1 year', 0, inplace=True)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EOfRE98jduyP"
      },
      "execution_count": 42,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'].replace('More than 50 years', 51, inplace=True)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "UwvTDrybeVZH"
      },
      "execution_count": 53,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'] = df['YearsCode'].astype(float)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nHY_siIuegAm"
      },
      "execution_count": 54,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'].mean()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "gphBrlHxenoy",
        "outputId": "f9e493e2-71b8-425e-d093-f3275427199c"
      },
      "execution_count": 55,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "11.681029323758228"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 55
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df['YearsCode'].median()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "vRRCep2qfDBf",
        "outputId": "abc6cddb-7874-4845-9b4e-931da82107ed"
      },
      "execution_count": 56,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "9.0"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 56
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "d_parser = lambda x: pd.datetime.strptime(x, '%Y-%m-%d %I-%p')\n",
        "df1 = pd.read_csv(\"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CoreyMSchafer/code_snippets/master/Python/Pandas/10-Datetime-Timeseries/ETH_1h.csv\", parse_dates=['Date'], date_parser=d_parser)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "azFqOlJGfGSB",
        "outputId": "11ede5c1-a825-4d9d-efb3-ed1315afab32"
      },
      "execution_count": 69,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "<ipython-input-69-bcdda825f961>:1: FutureWarning: The pandas.datetime class is deprecated and will be removed from pandas in a future version. Import from datetime module instead.\n",
            "  d_parser = lambda x: pd.datetime.strptime(x, '%Y-%m-%d %I-%p')\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 206
        },
        "id": "JO2mul7diXWq",
        "outputId": "3e5f949b-0c1b-404a-ea8e-904de7a08204"
      },
      "execution_count": 70,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                 Date  Symbol    Open    High     Low   Close      Volume\n",
              "0 2020-03-13 20:00:00  ETHUSD  129.94  131.82  126.87  128.71  1940673.93\n",
              "1 2020-03-13 19:00:00  ETHUSD  119.51  132.02  117.10  129.94  7579741.09\n",
              "2 2020-03-13 18:00:00  ETHUSD  124.47  124.85  115.50  119.51  4898735.81\n",
              "3 2020-03-13 17:00:00  ETHUSD  124.08  127.42  121.63  124.47  2753450.92\n",
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              "      <td>2020-03-13 18:00:00</td>\n",
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              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 70
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1.loc[0, 'Date'].day_name()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "id": "eAq4pkd8lSSa",
        "outputId": "7eadbed0-176a-4691-fba4-5b5d5da461e7"
      },
      "execution_count": 71,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "'Friday'"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 71
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "dt class used to access days"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "NTOeZuDqmjvb"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['Date'].dt.day_name()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "8hTIGL6vlZKT",
        "outputId": "0f71c8d2-e30c-4846-99b2-1393f0b72c25"
      },
      "execution_count": 73,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0          Friday\n",
              "1          Friday\n",
              "2          Friday\n",
              "3          Friday\n",
              "4          Friday\n",
              "           ...   \n",
              "23669    Saturday\n",
              "23670    Saturday\n",
              "23671    Saturday\n",
              "23672    Saturday\n",
              "23673    Saturday\n",
              "Name: Date, Length: 23674, dtype: object"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 73
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['DayOfWeek'] = df1['Date'].dt.day_name()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YGMQvs7_mdao"
      },
      "execution_count": 75,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 423
        },
        "id": "IAskm8BXmt_5",
        "outputId": "7d303313-d33b-4aa5-9644-5e41433cec7e"
      },
      "execution_count": 77,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                     Date  Symbol    Open    High     Low   Close      Volume  \\\n",
              "0     2020-03-13 20:00:00  ETHUSD  129.94  131.82  126.87  128.71  1940673.93   \n",
              "1     2020-03-13 19:00:00  ETHUSD  119.51  132.02  117.10  129.94  7579741.09   \n",
              "2     2020-03-13 18:00:00  ETHUSD  124.47  124.85  115.50  119.51  4898735.81   \n",
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              "4     2020-03-13 16:00:00  ETHUSD  124.85  129.51  120.17  124.08  4461424.71   \n",
              "...                   ...     ...     ...     ...     ...     ...         ...   \n",
              "23669 2017-07-01 15:00:00  ETHUSD  265.74  272.74  265.00  272.57  1500282.55   \n",
              "23670 2017-07-01 14:00:00  ETHUSD  268.79  269.90  265.00  265.74  1702536.85   \n",
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              "23672 2017-07-01 12:00:00  ETHUSD  275.01  275.01  271.00  274.83   824362.87   \n",
              "23673 2017-07-01 11:00:00  ETHUSD  279.98  279.99  272.10  275.01   679358.87   \n",
              "\n",
              "      DayOfWeek  \n",
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              "...         ...  \n",
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              "23670  Saturday  \n",
              "23671  Saturday  \n",
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              "23673  Saturday  \n",
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              "      <td>120.17</td>\n",
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              "      <td>272.10</td>\n",
              "      <td>275.01</td>\n",
              "      <td>679358.87</td>\n",
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              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 77
        }
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    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['Date'].min()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "9Y4hYf-9nUIr",
        "outputId": "046c2815-1dc6-4c84-8e38-349451743335"
      },
      "execution_count": 78,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Timestamp('2017-07-01 11:00:00')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 78
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['Date'].max()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "gJsqib1dnckU",
        "outputId": "f154aa18-2f74-4846-9086-a848549744a5"
      },
      "execution_count": 79,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Timestamp('2020-03-13 20:00:00')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 79
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
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        "df1['Date'].max() - df1['Date'].min()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
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        "outputId": "040575b4-9416-421d-a432-4f096044be3f"
      },
      "execution_count": 80,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Timedelta('986 days 09:00:00')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 80
        }
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    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "filt = (df1['Date'] >= pd.to_datetime('2019-01-01')) & (df1['Date'] < pd.to_datetime('2019-01-01'))\n",
        "df1.loc[filt]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
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      },
      "execution_count": 84,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
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              "Empty DataFrame\n",
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        "df1.set_index('Date', inplace=True)"
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        "id": "GuMflhA8pmhC"
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      "outputs": []
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        "df1"
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      },
      "execution_count": 88,
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            "text/plain": [
              "                     Symbol    Open    High     Low   Close      Volume  \\\n",
              "Date                                                                      \n",
              "2020-03-13 20:00:00  ETHUSD  129.94  131.82  126.87  128.71  1940673.93   \n",
              "2020-03-13 19:00:00  ETHUSD  119.51  132.02  117.10  129.94  7579741.09   \n",
              "2020-03-13 18:00:00  ETHUSD  124.47  124.85  115.50  119.51  4898735.81   \n",
              "2020-03-13 17:00:00  ETHUSD  124.08  127.42  121.63  124.47  2753450.92   \n",
              "2020-03-13 16:00:00  ETHUSD  124.85  129.51  120.17  124.08  4461424.71   \n",
              "...                     ...     ...     ...     ...     ...         ...   \n",
              "2017-07-01 15:00:00  ETHUSD  265.74  272.74  265.00  272.57  1500282.55   \n",
              "2017-07-01 14:00:00  ETHUSD  268.79  269.90  265.00  265.74  1702536.85   \n",
              "2017-07-01 13:00:00  ETHUSD  274.83  274.93  265.00  268.79  3010787.99   \n",
              "2017-07-01 12:00:00  ETHUSD  275.01  275.01  271.00  274.83   824362.87   \n",
              "2017-07-01 11:00:00  ETHUSD  279.98  279.99  272.10  275.01   679358.87   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    DayOfWeek  \n",
              "Date                           \n",
              "2020-03-13 20:00:00    Friday  \n",
              "2020-03-13 19:00:00    Friday  \n",
              "2020-03-13 18:00:00    Friday  \n",
              "2020-03-13 17:00:00    Friday  \n",
              "2020-03-13 16:00:00    Friday  \n",
              "...                       ...  \n",
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              "2017-07-01 13:00:00  Saturday  \n",
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              "2017-07-01 11:00:00  Saturday  \n",
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              "      <th>2020-03-13 20:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Friday</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2020-03-13 18:00:00</th>\n",
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          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 88
        }
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        "df1['2019']"
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        "outputId": "58e39eaf-e5a3-487b-ad9b-435232237875"
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      "execution_count": 89,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "<ipython-input-89-a14088ac693b>:1: FutureWarning: Indexing a DataFrame with a datetimelike index using a single string to slice the rows, like `frame[string]`, is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Use `frame.loc[string]` instead.\n",
            "  df1['2019']\n"
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              "                     Symbol    Open    High     Low   Close      Volume  \\\n",
              "Date                                                                      \n",
              "2019-12-31 23:00:00  ETHUSD  128.33  128.69  128.14  128.54   440678.91   \n",
              "2019-12-31 22:00:00  ETHUSD  128.38  128.69  127.95  128.33   554646.02   \n",
              "2019-12-31 21:00:00  ETHUSD  127.86  128.43  127.72  128.38   350155.69   \n",
              "2019-12-31 20:00:00  ETHUSD  127.84  128.34  127.71  127.86   428183.38   \n",
              "2019-12-31 19:00:00  ETHUSD  128.69  128.69  127.60  127.84  1169847.84   \n",
              "...                     ...     ...     ...     ...     ...         ...   \n",
              "2019-01-01 04:00:00  ETHUSD  130.75  133.96  130.74  131.96  2791135.37   \n",
              "2019-01-01 03:00:00  ETHUSD  130.06  130.79  130.06  130.75   503732.63   \n",
              "2019-01-01 02:00:00  ETHUSD  130.79  130.88  129.55  130.06   838183.43   \n",
              "2019-01-01 01:00:00  ETHUSD  131.62  131.62  130.77  130.79   434917.99   \n",
              "2019-01-01 00:00:00  ETHUSD  130.53  131.91  130.48  131.62  1067136.21   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    DayOfWeek  \n",
              "Date                           \n",
              "2019-12-31 23:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-12-31 22:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-12-31 21:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-12-31 20:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-12-31 19:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "...                       ...  \n",
              "2019-01-01 04:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-01-01 03:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-01-01 02:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-01-01 01:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
              "2019-01-01 00:00:00   Tuesday  \n",
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              "      <th>2019-12-31 21:00:00</th>\n",
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              "      <th>2019-12-31 20:00:00</th>\n",
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              "      <td>127.84</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.34</td>\n",
              "      <td>127.71</td>\n",
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              "      <td>428183.38</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tuesday</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2019-12-31 19:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
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              "      <td>128.69</td>\n",
              "      <td>127.60</td>\n",
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              "      <td>1169847.84</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2019-01-01 04:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.75</td>\n",
              "      <td>133.96</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.74</td>\n",
              "      <td>131.96</td>\n",
              "      <td>2791135.37</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tuesday</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2019-01-01 03:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.06</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.79</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.06</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.75</td>\n",
              "      <td>503732.63</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tuesday</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2019-01-01 02:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.79</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.88</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.55</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.06</td>\n",
              "      <td>838183.43</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tuesday</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2019-01-01 01:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>131.62</td>\n",
              "      <td>131.62</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.77</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.79</td>\n",
              "      <td>434917.99</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tuesday</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2019-01-01 00:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.53</td>\n",
              "      <td>131.91</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.48</td>\n",
              "      <td>131.62</td>\n",
              "      <td>1067136.21</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tuesday</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
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              "<p>8760 rows × 7 columns</p>\n",
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          "metadata": {},
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    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['2020-01':'2020-02']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 455
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        "id": "O_0FsyXQrNfx",
        "outputId": "e85824e4-ab2d-448e-85c5-52ce44dffa60"
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      "execution_count": 94,
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            "text/plain": [
              "                     Symbol    Open    High     Low   Close      Volume  \\\n",
              "Date                                                                      \n",
              "2020-02-29 23:00:00  ETHUSD  223.35  223.58  216.83  217.31  1927939.88   \n",
              "2020-02-29 22:00:00  ETHUSD  223.48  223.59  222.14  223.35   535998.57   \n",
              "2020-02-29 21:00:00  ETHUSD  224.63  225.14  222.74  223.48   561158.03   \n",
              "2020-02-29 20:00:00  ETHUSD  225.31  225.33  223.50  224.63   511648.65   \n",
              "2020-02-29 19:00:00  ETHUSD  225.09  225.85  223.87  225.31  1250856.20   \n",
              "...                     ...     ...     ...     ...     ...         ...   \n",
              "2020-01-01 04:00:00  ETHUSD  129.57  130.00  129.50  129.56   702786.82   \n",
              "2020-01-01 03:00:00  ETHUSD  130.37  130.44  129.38  129.57   496704.23   \n",
              "2020-01-01 02:00:00  ETHUSD  130.14  130.50  129.91  130.37   396315.72   \n",
              "2020-01-01 01:00:00  ETHUSD  128.34  130.14  128.32  130.14   635419.40   \n",
              "2020-01-01 00:00:00  ETHUSD  128.54  128.54  128.12  128.34   245119.91   \n",
              "\n",
              "                     DayOfWeek  \n",
              "Date                            \n",
              "2020-02-29 23:00:00   Saturday  \n",
              "2020-02-29 22:00:00   Saturday  \n",
              "2020-02-29 21:00:00   Saturday  \n",
              "2020-02-29 20:00:00   Saturday  \n",
              "2020-02-29 19:00:00   Saturday  \n",
              "...                        ...  \n",
              "2020-01-01 04:00:00  Wednesday  \n",
              "2020-01-01 03:00:00  Wednesday  \n",
              "2020-01-01 02:00:00  Wednesday  \n",
              "2020-01-01 01:00:00  Wednesday  \n",
              "2020-01-01 00:00:00  Wednesday  \n",
              "\n",
              "[1440 rows x 7 columns]"
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              "      <th>2020-02-29 23:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
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              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
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              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
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              "      <td>223.50</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2020-02-29 19:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>225.09</td>\n",
              "      <td>225.85</td>\n",
              "      <td>223.87</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2020-01-01 04:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.57</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.00</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.50</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.56</td>\n",
              "      <td>702786.82</td>\n",
              "      <td>Wednesday</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2020-01-01 03:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.37</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.44</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.38</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.57</td>\n",
              "      <td>496704.23</td>\n",
              "      <td>Wednesday</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2020-01-01 02:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.14</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.50</td>\n",
              "      <td>129.91</td>\n",
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              "      <td>396315.72</td>\n",
              "      <td>Wednesday</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2020-01-01 01:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.34</td>\n",
              "      <td>130.14</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.32</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Wednesday</td>\n",
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              "      <th>2020-01-01 00:00:00</th>\n",
              "      <td>ETHUSD</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.54</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.54</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.12</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.34</td>\n",
              "      <td>245119.91</td>\n",
              "      <td>Wednesday</td>\n",
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              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-2732fddc-02ff-4b2e-9518-894402c83011 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-2732fddc-02ff-4b2e-9518-894402c83011');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 94
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['2020-01':'2020-02']['Close'].mean()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "f6Xe0_Ufrg2G",
        "outputId": "5bc25dad-9e15-4e82-bd8a-c76a29a0b48f"
      },
      "execution_count": 98,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "195.1655902777778"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 98
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1['2020-01-01']['High'].max()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "MeGwe3Ifrqgo",
        "outputId": "9e610560-ff3b-4e9c-caef-77bcc835375d"
      },
      "execution_count": 99,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "<ipython-input-99-2fd286ef7f0f>:1: FutureWarning: Indexing a DataFrame with a datetimelike index using a single string to slice the rows, like `frame[string]`, is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Use `frame.loc[string]` instead.\n",
            "  df1['2020-01-01']['High'].max()\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "132.68"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 99
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "highs = df1['2020-01-01']['High'].resample('D').max()\n",
        "highs['2020-01-01']"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "xsJzmRAJseig",
        "outputId": "208a8e66-97ea-420c-8127-35cb2efdc848"
      },
      "execution_count": 101,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "<ipython-input-101-731d81dc2200>:1: FutureWarning: Indexing a DataFrame with a datetimelike index using a single string to slice the rows, like `frame[string]`, is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Use `frame.loc[string]` instead.\n",
            "  highs = df1['2020-01-01']['High'].resample('D').max()\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "132.68"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 101
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "%matplotlib inline"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "l-PXkoo8tLjU"
      },
      "execution_count": 104,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "highs.plot()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 351
        },
        "id": "Bmyo0EPftrtz",
        "outputId": "bf35214d-4f53-4dd7-9454-0ecd8dddc389"
      },
      "execution_count": 105,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pandas/plotting/_matplotlib/core.py:1200: UserWarning: Attempting to set identical left == right == 18262.0 results in singular transformations; automatically expanding.\n",
            "  ax.set_xlim(left, right)\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7f2a425f5e50>"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 105
        },
        {
          "output_type": "display_data",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
            ],
            "image/png": 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\n"
          },
          "metadata": {
            "needs_background": "light"
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1.resample('W').mean()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 455
        },
        "id": "omdQ2A0ztuB1",
        "outputId": "7e10cf11-d800-4dfc-a252-78567bb4fc73"
      },
      "execution_count": 108,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                  Open        High         Low       Close        Volume\n",
              "Date                                                                    \n",
              "2017-07-02  268.066486  271.124595  264.819730  268.202162  2.185035e+06\n",
              "2017-07-09  261.337024  262.872917  259.186190  261.062083  1.337349e+06\n",
              "2017-07-16  196.193214  199.204405  192.722321  195.698393  2.986756e+06\n",
              "2017-07-23  212.351429  215.779286  209.126310  212.783750  4.298593e+06\n",
              "2017-07-30  203.496190  205.110357  201.714048  203.309524  1.581729e+06\n",
              "...                ...         ...         ...         ...           ...\n",
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        "df1.resample('W').agg({'Close': 'mean', 'High': 'max', 'Low': 'min', 'Volume': 'sum'})"
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              "                 Close    High     Low        Volume\n",
              "Date                                                \n",
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              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
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              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
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          "metadata": {},
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    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "filt = (df['Country'] == 'India')\n",
        "india_df = df.loc[filt]\n",
        "india_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
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        },
        "id": "1bBKX3ocu160",
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      },
      "execution_count": 112,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                                        MainBranch Hobbyist  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                    \n",
              "8                      I code primarily as a hobby      Yes   \n",
              "10                  I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "15          I am a student who is learning to code      Yes   \n",
              "50                  I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "65                  I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           OpenSourcer  \\\n",
              "Respondent                               \n",
              "8              Less than once per year   \n",
              "10          Once a month or more often   \n",
              "15                               Never   \n",
              "50          Once a month or more often   \n",
              "65                               Never   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   OpenSource  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "10          OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "15          OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "50          OSS is, on average, of LOWER quality than prop...   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                    Employment Country         Student  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                               \n",
              "8           Not employed, but looking for work   India             NaN   \n",
              "10                          Employed full-time   India              No   \n",
              "15          Not employed, but looking for work   India  Yes, full-time   \n",
              "50                          Employed full-time   India              No   \n",
              "65                          Employed full-time   India              No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      EdLevel  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                    Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "10                Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.)   \n",
              "15          Secondary school (e.g. American high school, G...   \n",
              "50                   Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "65                   Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                               UndergradMajor  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...   \n",
              "10                                                        NaN   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN   \n",
              "50          Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, ele...   \n",
              "65          Information systems, information technology, o...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                     EduOther  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...   \n",
              "10                                                        NaN   \n",
              "15          Taken an online course in programming or softw...   \n",
              "50          Received on-the-job training in software devel...   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                             OrgSize  \\\n",
              "Respondent                             \n",
              "8                                NaN   \n",
              "10          10,000 or more employees   \n",
              "15                               NaN   \n",
              "50          10,000 or more employees   \n",
              "65                20 to 99 employees   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      DevType  YearsCode  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                 \n",
              "8              Developer, back-end;Engineer, site reliability        8.0   \n",
              "10          Data or business analyst;Data scientist or mac...       12.0   \n",
              "15                                                    Student        3.0   \n",
              "50                      Developer, back-end;DevOps specialist        7.0   \n",
              "65                     Developer, front-end;Developer, mobile        2.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "           Age1stCode YearsCodePro              CareerSat  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                  \n",
              "8                  16          NaN                    NaN   \n",
              "10                 20           10  Slightly dissatisfied   \n",
              "15                 13          NaN                    NaN   \n",
              "50                 15            2     Slightly satisfied   \n",
              "65                 17            2         Very satisfied   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           JobSat            MgrIdiot  MgrMoney   MgrWant  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                  \n",
              "8                             NaN                 NaN       NaN       NaN   \n",
              "10          Slightly dissatisfied  Somewhat confident       Yes       Yes   \n",
              "15                            NaN                 NaN       NaN       NaN   \n",
              "50                 Very satisfied      Very confident  Not sure       Yes   \n",
              "65                 Very satisfied      Very confident        No  Not sure   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      JobSeek  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                                                         NaN   \n",
              "10          I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...   \n",
              "15          I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...   \n",
              "50          I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...   \n",
              "65          I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    LastHireDate  \\\n",
              "Respondent                         \n",
              "8                            NaN   \n",
              "10                 3-4 years ago   \n",
              "15          I've never had a job   \n",
              "50                 1-2 years ago   \n",
              "65          Less than a year ago   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                      LastInt FizzBuzz  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                               \n",
              "8                                                         NaN      NaN   \n",
              "10                                                        NaN       No   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN      NaN   \n",
              "50          Write code by hand (e.g., on a whiteboard);Int...       No   \n",
              "65          Write any code;Solve a brain-teaser style puzz...       No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   JobFactors  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                                                         NaN   \n",
              "10          Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...   \n",
              "15          Industry that I'd be working in;Languages, fra...   \n",
              "50          Specific department or team I'd be working on;...   \n",
              "65          Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                 ResumeUpdate CurrencySymbol  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                     \n",
              "8                                                         NaN            NaN   \n",
              "10                                                        NaN            INR   \n",
              "15          Something else changed (education, award, medi...            NaN   \n",
              "50                           I was preparing for a job search            INR   \n",
              "65           My job status changed (promotion, new job, etc.)            INR   \n",
              "\n",
              "            CurrencyDesc  CompTotal CompFreq  ConvertedComp  WorkWeekHrs  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                 \n",
              "8                    NaN        NaN      NaN            NaN          NaN   \n",
              "10          Indian rupee   950000.0   Yearly        13293.0         70.0   \n",
              "15                   NaN        NaN      NaN            NaN          NaN   \n",
              "50          Indian rupee   400000.0   Yearly         5597.0          7.0   \n",
              "65          Indian rupee        NaN  Monthly            NaN         48.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                     WorkPlan  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                                                         NaN   \n",
              "10          There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN   \n",
              "50          There is a schedule and/or spec (made by me or...   \n",
              "65          There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                            WorkChallenge                        WorkRemote  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                    \n",
              "8                                     NaN                               NaN   \n",
              "10                                    NaN             A few days each month   \n",
              "15                                    NaN                               NaN   \n",
              "50          Meetings;Time spent commuting  Less than once per month / Never   \n",
              "65                                    NaN               About half the time   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   WorkLoc             ImpSyn  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                      \n",
              "8                                                      NaN                NaN   \n",
              "10                                                    Home  Far above average   \n",
              "15                                                     NaN                NaN   \n",
              "50          Other place, such as a coworking space or cafe            Average   \n",
              "65                                                  Office            Average   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                            CodeRev  CodeRevHrs  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                        \n",
              "8                                               NaN         NaN   \n",
              "10          Yes, because I see value in code review         4.0   \n",
              "15                                              NaN         NaN   \n",
              "50                                               No         NaN   \n",
              "65          Yes, because I see value in code review         NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                    UnitTests  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                                                         NaN   \n",
              "10                              Yes, it's part of our process   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN   \n",
              "50          Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...   \n",
              "65          Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                  PurchaseHow  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                                                         NaN   \n",
              "10                                                        NaN   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN   \n",
              "50          The CTO, CIO, or other management purchase new...   \n",
              "65                                                   Not sure   \n",
              "\n",
              "                             PurchaseWhat  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                  \n",
              "8                                     NaN   \n",
              "10                                    NaN   \n",
              "15                                    NaN   \n",
              "50          I have little or no influence   \n",
              "65                                    NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                           LanguageWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...   \n",
              "10                              C#;Go;JavaScript;Python;R;SQL   \n",
              "15          Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;...   \n",
              "50          Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...   \n",
              "65                            Assembly;C;C++;C#;HTML/CSS;Java   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                       LanguageDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;Elixir;Erlang;Go;P...   \n",
              "10                       C#;Go;JavaScript;Kotlin;Python;R;SQL   \n",
              "15          Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;C#;Go;HTM...   \n",
              "50                                 HTML/CSS;JavaScript;Python   \n",
              "65                                                     Kotlin   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                           DatabaseWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Cassandra;Elasticsearch;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;R...   \n",
              "10          Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MyS...   \n",
              "15                                MariaDB;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite   \n",
              "50          Elasticsearch;Firebase;MariaDB;MongoDB;MySQL;O...   \n",
              "65                               Firebase;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                       DatabaseDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Cassandra;DynamoDB;Elasticsearch;Firebase;Mong...   \n",
              "10                 Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server   \n",
              "15          MariaDB;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MySQL;Ora...   \n",
              "50                        Firebase;PostgreSQL;Redis;Other(s):   \n",
              "65                                            Firebase;SQLite   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                           PlatformWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                         AWS;Docker;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Slack   \n",
              "10                                              Linux;Windows   \n",
              "15                                              Linux;Windows   \n",
              "50          Arduino;AWS;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Raspberry Pi;Wo...   \n",
              "65                                                    Android   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                       PlatformDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Android;Arduino;AWS;Docker;Google Cloud Platfo...   \n",
              "10                         Android;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows   \n",
              "15          Android;Google Cloud Platform;iOS;Linux;MacOS;...   \n",
              "50          AWS;Docker;Heroku;Kubernetes;Linux;MacOS;WordP...   \n",
              "65                                                    Android   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                           WebFrameWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                               Express;Flask;React.js;Spring   \n",
              "10          Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN   \n",
              "50                                Django;Express;Flask;jQuery   \n",
              "65                                                    ASP.NET   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                       WebFrameDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                        Django;Express;Flask;React.js;Vue.js   \n",
              "10          Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...   \n",
              "15          Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Drupal;jQuer...   \n",
              "50                       Express;Flask;jQuery;React.js;Vue.js   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           MiscTechWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                      \n",
              "8                       Hadoop;Node.js;Pandas   \n",
              "10          .NET;Node.js;Pandas;Torch/PyTorch   \n",
              "15                                        NaN   \n",
              "50                                    Node.js   \n",
              "65                                        NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                       MiscTechDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Ansible;Apache Spark;Chef;Hadoop;Node.js;Panda...   \n",
              "10                      .NET;Node.js;TensorFlow;Torch/PyTorch   \n",
              "15          .NET;.NET Core;Node.js;TensorFlow;Unity 3D;Unr...   \n",
              "50                                                    Node.js   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   DevEnviron        OpSys  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                   \n",
              "8           Atom;IntelliJ;IPython / Jupyter;PyCharm;Visual...  Linux-based   \n",
              "10          Android Studio;Eclipse;IPython / Jupyter;Notep...      Windows   \n",
              "15                   Atom;NetBeans;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Vim  Linux-based   \n",
              "50                               Notepad++;Visual Studio Code        MacOS   \n",
              "65                                    Android Studio;IntelliJ  Linux-based   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                   Containers BlockchainOrg  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                    \n",
              "8           Development;Testing;Production;Outside of work...           NaN   \n",
              "10                                                        NaN    Not at all   \n",
              "15                                                Development           NaN   \n",
              "50                                                    Testing    Not at all   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN           NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                 BlockchainIs BetterLife  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                 \n",
              "8           Useful across many domains and could change ma...        Yes   \n",
              "10          Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...         No   \n",
              "15                                                        NaN        Yes   \n",
              "50          Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...        Yes   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN        Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "            ITperson  OffOn SocialMedia              Extraversion  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                          \n",
              "8               SIGH    Yes     YouTube  In real life (in person)   \n",
              "10               Yes    Yes     YouTube                   Neither   \n",
              "15               Yes  What?     YouTube  In real life (in person)   \n",
              "50          Also Yes  What?     YouTube  In real life (in person)   \n",
              "65               Yes  What?    WhatsApp  In real life (in person)   \n",
              "\n",
              "             ScreenName SOVisit1st             SOVisitFreq  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                   \n",
              "8                Handle       2012    A few times per week   \n",
              "10          Screen Name        NaN  Multiple times per day   \n",
              "15                  NaN       2018   Daily or almost daily   \n",
              "50             Username       2012   Daily or almost daily   \n",
              "65                  NaN       2017  Multiple times per day   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                    SOVisitTo  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8           Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "10          Find answers to specific questions;Get a sense...   \n",
              "15          Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "50          Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "65                         Find answers to specific questions   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           SOFindAnswer                         SOTimeSaved  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                    \n",
              "8               Less than once per week  Stack Overflow was slightly faster   \n",
              "10                   3-5 times per week            They were about the same   \n",
              "15          More than 10 times per week            They were about the same   \n",
              "50                   3-5 times per week  Stack Overflow was slightly faster   \n",
              "65          More than 10 times per week  Stack Overflow was slightly faster   \n",
              "\n",
              "            SOHowMuchTime SOAccount                           SOPartFreq  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                 \n",
              "8           11-30 minutes       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "10                    NaN       Yes      A few times per month or weekly   \n",
              "15                    NaN       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "50          11-30 minutes       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "65          11-30 minutes       Yes                 A few times per week   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                       SOJobs  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                                                         Yes   \n",
              "10                                                        Yes   \n",
              "15                                                        Yes   \n",
              "50          No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...   \n",
              "65          No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                     EntTeams  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                      \n",
              "8                         No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "10                        No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "15          No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...   \n",
              "50                        No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "65                        No, and I don't know what those are   \n",
              "\n",
              "                     SOComm                             WelcomeChange  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                              \n",
              "8           Yes, definitely     A lot more welcome now than last year   \n",
              "10            Yes, somewhat  Somewhat less welcome now than last year   \n",
              "15            Yes, somewhat   Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "50          Yes, definitely   Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "65                 Not sure     A lot more welcome now than last year   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                 SONewContent   Age Gender  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                                   \n",
              "8           Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  24.0    Man   \n",
              "10          Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...   NaN    NaN   \n",
              "15          Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  20.0    Man   \n",
              "50          Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...  23.0    Man   \n",
              "65                                                        NaN  21.0    Man   \n",
              "\n",
              "           Trans                Sexuality    Ethnicity Dependents  \\\n",
              "Respondent                                                          \n",
              "8             No  Straight / Heterosexual          NaN        NaN   \n",
              "10           NaN                      NaN          NaN        Yes   \n",
              "15            No                      NaN          NaN        Yes   \n",
              "50            No                      NaN  South Asian         No   \n",
              "65            No                      NaN          NaN        Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "                     SurveyLength                  SurveyEase  \n",
              "Respondent                                                     \n",
              "8           Appropriate in length  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "10                       Too long                   Difficult  \n",
              "15                       Too long  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "50                       Too long                        Easy  \n",
              "65          Appropriate in length  Neither easy nor difficult  "
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              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <td>I code primarily as a hobby</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per year</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not employed, but looking for work</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, back-end;Engineer, site reliability</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;Elixir;Erlang;Go;P...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cassandra;Elasticsearch;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;R...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cassandra;DynamoDB;Elasticsearch;Firebase;Mong...</td>\n",
              "      <td>AWS;Docker;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Slack</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Arduino;AWS;Docker;Google Cloud Platfo...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Express;Flask;React.js;Spring</td>\n",
              "      <td>Django;Express;Flask;React.js;Vue.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Hadoop;Node.js;Pandas</td>\n",
              "      <td>Ansible;Apache Spark;Chef;Hadoop;Node.js;Panda...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Atom;IntelliJ;IPython / Jupyter;PyCharm;Visual...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>Development;Testing;Production;Outside of work...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful across many domains and could change ma...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>SIGH</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Handle</td>\n",
              "      <td>2012</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was slightly faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, definitely</td>\n",
              "      <td>A lot more welcome now than last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Once a month or more often</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>10,000 or more employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Data or business analyst;Data scientist or mac...</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>10</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly dissatisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly dissatisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Somewhat confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-4 years ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>INR</td>\n",
              "      <td>Indian rupee</td>\n",
              "      <td>950000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yearly</td>\n",
              "      <td>13293.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>70.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few days each month</td>\n",
              "      <td>Home</td>\n",
              "      <td>Far above average</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, because I see value in code review</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's part of our process</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>C#;Go;JavaScript;Python;R;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>C#;Go;JavaScript;Kotlin;Python;R;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MyS...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET;Node.js;Pandas;Torch/PyTorch</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET;Node.js;TensorFlow;Torch/PyTorch</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android Studio;Eclipse;IPython / Jupyter;Notep...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither</td>\n",
              "      <td>Screen Name</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Multiple times per day</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Get a sense...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-5 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>They were about the same</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per month or weekly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, somewhat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Somewhat less welcome now than last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Too long</td>\n",
              "      <td>Difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>15</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a student who is learning to code</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not employed, but looking for work</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Secondary school (e.g. American high school, G...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taken an online course in programming or softw...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Student</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I've never had a job</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Industry that I'd be working in;Languages, fra...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Something else changed (education, award, medi...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;C#;Go;HTM...</td>\n",
              "      <td>MariaDB;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>MariaDB;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MySQL;Ora...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Google Cloud Platform;iOS;Linux;MacOS;...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Drupal;jQuer...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET;.NET Core;Node.js;TensorFlow;Unity 3D;Unr...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Atom;NetBeans;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Vim</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>Development</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>What?</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2018</td>\n",
              "      <td>Daily or almost daily</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>More than 10 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>They were about the same</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, somewhat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Too long</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>50</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Once a month or more often</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of LOWER quality than prop...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, ele...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Received on-the-job training in software devel...</td>\n",
              "      <td>10,000 or more employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, back-end;DevOps specialist</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>1-2 years ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Write code by hand (e.g., on a whiteboard);Int...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Specific department or team I'd be working on;...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I was preparing for a job search</td>\n",
              "      <td>INR</td>\n",
              "      <td>Indian rupee</td>\n",
              "      <td>400000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yearly</td>\n",
              "      <td>5597.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There is a schedule and/or spec (made by me or...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Meetings;Time spent commuting</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month / Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>Other place, such as a coworking space or cafe</td>\n",
              "      <td>Average</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...</td>\n",
              "      <td>The CTO, CIO, or other management purchase new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I have little or no influence</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...</td>\n",
              "      <td>HTML/CSS;JavaScript;Python</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elasticsearch;Firebase;MariaDB;MongoDB;MySQL;O...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Firebase;PostgreSQL;Redis;Other(s):</td>\n",
              "      <td>Arduino;AWS;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Raspberry Pi;Wo...</td>\n",
              "      <td>AWS;Docker;Heroku;Kubernetes;Linux;MacOS;WordP...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Django;Express;Flask;jQuery</td>\n",
              "      <td>Express;Flask;jQuery;React.js;Vue.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Node.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Node.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Notepad++;Visual Studio Code</td>\n",
              "      <td>MacOS</td>\n",
              "      <td>Testing</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Also Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>What?</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Username</td>\n",
              "      <td>2012</td>\n",
              "      <td>Daily or almost daily</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-5 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was slightly faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, definitely</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>South Asian</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Too long</td>\n",
              "      <td>Easy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>65</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Information systems, information technology, o...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>20 to 99 employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, front-end;Developer, mobile</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>17</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than a year ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Write any code;Solve a brain-teaser style puzz...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>My job status changed (promotion, new job, etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>INR</td>\n",
              "      <td>Indian rupee</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>48.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>About half the time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Office</td>\n",
              "      <td>Average</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, because I see value in code review</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Assembly;C;C++;C#;HTML/CSS;Java</td>\n",
              "      <td>Kotlin</td>\n",
              "      <td>Firebase;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>Firebase;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android</td>\n",
              "      <td>ASP.NET</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android Studio;IntelliJ</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>What?</td>\n",
              "      <td>WhatsApp</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2017</td>\n",
              "      <td>Multiple times per day</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions</td>\n",
              "      <td>More than 10 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was slightly faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>A lot more welcome now than last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-483b8a55-b098-437e-bea1-0bfb2e1cc2de')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-483b8a55-b098-437e-bea1-0bfb2e1cc2de button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-483b8a55-b098-437e-bea1-0bfb2e1cc2de');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 112
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Reading to other file formats"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "WzU1QWA3LsvG"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "india_df.to_csv('modified.csv')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "RgU3gU0CHFTT"
      },
      "execution_count": 113,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "india_df.to_csv('modified.csv', sep='\\t')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "OSbKtl-1HQf8"
      },
      "execution_count": 114,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "india_df.to_excel('modified.xlsx')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fC62vu90HtL9"
      },
      "execution_count": 115,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "test = pd.read_excel('modified.xlsx', index_col='Respondent')"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Vr6xcLGDLBg7"
      },
      "execution_count": 116,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "india_df.to_json('modified.json', orient='records', lines=True)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "JGFW4oD1LmW7"
      },
      "execution_count": 118,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "test = pd.read_json('modified.json', orient='records', lines=True)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0Lq-_JJAL0Mb"
      },
      "execution_count": 119,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "test.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 791
        },
        "id": "oQfF0Dk_NTI7",
        "outputId": "f15ed705-f2a8-4c43-e936-88b5750826f3"
      },
      "execution_count": 120,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                               MainBranch Hobbyist  \\\n",
              "0             I code primarily as a hobby      Yes   \n",
              "1          I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "2  I am a student who is learning to code      Yes   \n",
              "3          I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "4          I am a developer by profession      Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "                  OpenSourcer  \\\n",
              "0     Less than once per year   \n",
              "1  Once a month or more often   \n",
              "2                       Never   \n",
              "3  Once a month or more often   \n",
              "4                       Never   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                          OpenSource  \\\n",
              "0  OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "1  OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "2  OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...   \n",
              "3  OSS is, on average, of LOWER quality than prop...   \n",
              "4                                               None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                           Employment Country         Student  \\\n",
              "0  Not employed, but looking for work   India            None   \n",
              "1                  Employed full-time   India              No   \n",
              "2  Not employed, but looking for work   India  Yes, full-time   \n",
              "3                  Employed full-time   India              No   \n",
              "4                  Employed full-time   India              No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                             EdLevel  \\\n",
              "0           Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "1        Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.)   \n",
              "2  Secondary school (e.g. American high school, G...   \n",
              "3           Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "4           Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                      UndergradMajor  \\\n",
              "0  Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...   \n",
              "1                                               None   \n",
              "2                                               None   \n",
              "3  Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, ele...   \n",
              "4  Information systems, information technology, o...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                            EduOther  \\\n",
              "0  Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...   \n",
              "1                                               None   \n",
              "2  Taken an online course in programming or softw...   \n",
              "3  Received on-the-job training in software devel...   \n",
              "4                                               None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    OrgSize  \\\n",
              "0                      None   \n",
              "1  10,000 or more employees   \n",
              "2                      None   \n",
              "3  10,000 or more employees   \n",
              "4        20 to 99 employees   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                             DevType  YearsCode Age1stCode  \\\n",
              "0     Developer, back-end;Engineer, site reliability        8.0         16   \n",
              "1  Data or business analyst;Data scientist or mac...       12.0         20   \n",
              "2                                            Student        3.0         13   \n",
              "3              Developer, back-end;DevOps specialist        7.0         15   \n",
              "4             Developer, front-end;Developer, mobile        2.0         17   \n",
              "\n",
              "  YearsCodePro              CareerSat                 JobSat  \\\n",
              "0         None                   None                   None   \n",
              "1           10  Slightly dissatisfied  Slightly dissatisfied   \n",
              "2         None                   None                   None   \n",
              "3            2     Slightly satisfied         Very satisfied   \n",
              "4            2         Very satisfied         Very satisfied   \n",
              "\n",
              "             MgrIdiot  MgrMoney   MgrWant  \\\n",
              "0                None      None      None   \n",
              "1  Somewhat confident       Yes       Yes   \n",
              "2                None      None      None   \n",
              "3      Very confident  Not sure       Yes   \n",
              "4      Very confident        No  Not sure   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                             JobSeek          LastHireDate  \\\n",
              "0                                               None                  None   \n",
              "1  I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...         3-4 years ago   \n",
              "2  I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...  I've never had a job   \n",
              "3  I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...         1-2 years ago   \n",
              "4  I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...  Less than a year ago   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                             LastInt FizzBuzz  \\\n",
              "0                                               None     None   \n",
              "1                                               None       No   \n",
              "2                                               None     None   \n",
              "3  Write code by hand (e.g., on a whiteboard);Int...       No   \n",
              "4  Write any code;Solve a brain-teaser style puzz...       No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                          JobFactors  \\\n",
              "0                                               None   \n",
              "1  Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...   \n",
              "2  Industry that I'd be working in;Languages, fra...   \n",
              "3  Specific department or team I'd be working on;...   \n",
              "4  Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                        ResumeUpdate CurrencySymbol  \\\n",
              "0                                               None           None   \n",
              "1                                               None            INR   \n",
              "2  Something else changed (education, award, medi...           None   \n",
              "3                   I was preparing for a job search            INR   \n",
              "4   My job status changed (promotion, new job, etc.)            INR   \n",
              "\n",
              "   CurrencyDesc  CompTotal CompFreq  ConvertedComp  WorkWeekHrs  \\\n",
              "0          None        NaN     None            NaN          NaN   \n",
              "1  Indian rupee   950000.0   Yearly        13293.0         70.0   \n",
              "2          None        NaN     None            NaN          NaN   \n",
              "3  Indian rupee   400000.0   Yearly         5597.0          7.0   \n",
              "4  Indian rupee        NaN  Monthly            NaN         48.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                            WorkPlan  \\\n",
              "0                                               None   \n",
              "1  There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...   \n",
              "2                                               None   \n",
              "3  There is a schedule and/or spec (made by me or...   \n",
              "4  There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                   WorkChallenge                        WorkRemote  \\\n",
              "0                           None                              None   \n",
              "1                           None             A few days each month   \n",
              "2                           None                              None   \n",
              "3  Meetings;Time spent commuting  Less than once per month / Never   \n",
              "4                           None               About half the time   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                          WorkLoc             ImpSyn  \\\n",
              "0                                            None               None   \n",
              "1                                            Home  Far above average   \n",
              "2                                            None               None   \n",
              "3  Other place, such as a coworking space or cafe            Average   \n",
              "4                                          Office            Average   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                   CodeRev  CodeRevHrs  \\\n",
              "0                                     None         NaN   \n",
              "1  Yes, because I see value in code review         4.0   \n",
              "2                                     None         NaN   \n",
              "3                                       No         NaN   \n",
              "4  Yes, because I see value in code review         NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                           UnitTests  \\\n",
              "0                                               None   \n",
              "1                      Yes, it's part of our process   \n",
              "2                                               None   \n",
              "3  Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...   \n",
              "4  Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                         PurchaseHow  \\\n",
              "0                                               None   \n",
              "1                                               None   \n",
              "2                                               None   \n",
              "3  The CTO, CIO, or other management purchase new...   \n",
              "4                                           Not sure   \n",
              "\n",
              "                    PurchaseWhat  \\\n",
              "0                           None   \n",
              "1                           None   \n",
              "2                           None   \n",
              "3  I have little or no influence   \n",
              "4                           None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                  LanguageWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "0  Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...   \n",
              "1                      C#;Go;JavaScript;Python;R;SQL   \n",
              "2  Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;...   \n",
              "3  Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...   \n",
              "4                    Assembly;C;C++;C#;HTML/CSS;Java   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              LanguageDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "0  Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;Elixir;Erlang;Go;P...   \n",
              "1               C#;Go;JavaScript;Kotlin;Python;R;SQL   \n",
              "2  Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;C#;Go;HTM...   \n",
              "3                         HTML/CSS;JavaScript;Python   \n",
              "4                                             Kotlin   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                  DatabaseWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "0  Cassandra;Elasticsearch;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;R...   \n",
              "1  Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MyS...   \n",
              "2                        MariaDB;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite   \n",
              "3  Elasticsearch;Firebase;MariaDB;MongoDB;MySQL;O...   \n",
              "4                       Firebase;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              DatabaseDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "0  Cassandra;DynamoDB;Elasticsearch;Firebase;Mong...   \n",
              "1         Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server   \n",
              "2  MariaDB;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MySQL;Ora...   \n",
              "3                Firebase;PostgreSQL;Redis;Other(s):   \n",
              "4                                    Firebase;SQLite   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                  PlatformWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "0                AWS;Docker;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Slack   \n",
              "1                                      Linux;Windows   \n",
              "2                                      Linux;Windows   \n",
              "3  Arduino;AWS;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Raspberry Pi;Wo...   \n",
              "4                                            Android   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              PlatformDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "0  Android;Arduino;AWS;Docker;Google Cloud Platfo...   \n",
              "1                 Android;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows   \n",
              "2  Android;Google Cloud Platform;iOS;Linux;MacOS;...   \n",
              "3  AWS;Docker;Heroku;Kubernetes;Linux;MacOS;WordP...   \n",
              "4                                            Android   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                  WebFrameWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "0                      Express;Flask;React.js;Spring   \n",
              "1  Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...   \n",
              "2                                               None   \n",
              "3                        Django;Express;Flask;jQuery   \n",
              "4                                            ASP.NET   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              WebFrameDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "0               Django;Express;Flask;React.js;Vue.js   \n",
              "1  Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...   \n",
              "2  Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Drupal;jQuer...   \n",
              "3               Express;Flask;jQuery;React.js;Vue.js   \n",
              "4                                               None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                  MiscTechWorkedWith  \\\n",
              "0              Hadoop;Node.js;Pandas   \n",
              "1  .NET;Node.js;Pandas;Torch/PyTorch   \n",
              "2                               None   \n",
              "3                            Node.js   \n",
              "4                               None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              MiscTechDesireNextYear  \\\n",
              "0  Ansible;Apache Spark;Chef;Hadoop;Node.js;Panda...   \n",
              "1              .NET;Node.js;TensorFlow;Torch/PyTorch   \n",
              "2  .NET;.NET Core;Node.js;TensorFlow;Unity 3D;Unr...   \n",
              "3                                            Node.js   \n",
              "4                                               None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                          DevEnviron        OpSys  \\\n",
              "0  Atom;IntelliJ;IPython / Jupyter;PyCharm;Visual...  Linux-based   \n",
              "1  Android Studio;Eclipse;IPython / Jupyter;Notep...      Windows   \n",
              "2           Atom;NetBeans;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Vim  Linux-based   \n",
              "3                       Notepad++;Visual Studio Code        MacOS   \n",
              "4                            Android Studio;IntelliJ  Linux-based   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                          Containers BlockchainOrg  \\\n",
              "0  Development;Testing;Production;Outside of work...          None   \n",
              "1                                               None    Not at all   \n",
              "2                                        Development          None   \n",
              "3                                            Testing    Not at all   \n",
              "4                                               None          None   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                        BlockchainIs BetterLife  ITperson  \\\n",
              "0  Useful across many domains and could change ma...        Yes      SIGH   \n",
              "1  Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...         No       Yes   \n",
              "2                                               None        Yes       Yes   \n",
              "3  Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...        Yes  Also Yes   \n",
              "4                                               None        Yes       Yes   \n",
              "\n",
              "   OffOn SocialMedia              Extraversion   ScreenName SOVisit1st  \\\n",
              "0    Yes     YouTube  In real life (in person)       Handle       2012   \n",
              "1    Yes     YouTube                   Neither  Screen Name       None   \n",
              "2  What?     YouTube  In real life (in person)         None       2018   \n",
              "3  What?     YouTube  In real life (in person)     Username       2012   \n",
              "4  What?    WhatsApp  In real life (in person)         None       2017   \n",
              "\n",
              "              SOVisitFreq                                          SOVisitTo  \\\n",
              "0    A few times per week  Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "1  Multiple times per day  Find answers to specific questions;Get a sense...   \n",
              "2   Daily or almost daily  Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "3   Daily or almost daily  Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...   \n",
              "4  Multiple times per day                 Find answers to specific questions   \n",
              "\n",
              "                  SOFindAnswer                         SOTimeSaved  \\\n",
              "0      Less than once per week  Stack Overflow was slightly faster   \n",
              "1           3-5 times per week            They were about the same   \n",
              "2  More than 10 times per week            They were about the same   \n",
              "3           3-5 times per week  Stack Overflow was slightly faster   \n",
              "4  More than 10 times per week  Stack Overflow was slightly faster   \n",
              "\n",
              "   SOHowMuchTime SOAccount                           SOPartFreq  \\\n",
              "0  11-30 minutes       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "1           None       Yes      A few times per month or weekly   \n",
              "2           None       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "3  11-30 minutes       Yes  Less than once per month or monthly   \n",
              "4  11-30 minutes       Yes                 A few times per week   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                              SOJobs  \\\n",
              "0                                                Yes   \n",
              "1                                                Yes   \n",
              "2                                                Yes   \n",
              "3  No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...   \n",
              "4  No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                            EntTeams           SOComm  \\\n",
              "0                No, and I don't know what those are  Yes, definitely   \n",
              "1                No, and I don't know what those are    Yes, somewhat   \n",
              "2  No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...    Yes, somewhat   \n",
              "3                No, and I don't know what those are  Yes, definitely   \n",
              "4                No, and I don't know what those are         Not sure   \n",
              "\n",
              "                              WelcomeChange  \\\n",
              "0     A lot more welcome now than last year   \n",
              "1  Somewhat less welcome now than last year   \n",
              "2   Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "3   Just as welcome now as I felt last year   \n",
              "4     A lot more welcome now than last year   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                        SONewContent   Age Gender Trans  \\\n",
              "0  Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  24.0    Man    No   \n",
              "1  Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...   NaN   None  None   \n",
              "2  Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...  20.0    Man    No   \n",
              "3  Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...  23.0    Man    No   \n",
              "4                                               None  21.0    Man    No   \n",
              "\n",
              "                 Sexuality    Ethnicity Dependents           SurveyLength  \\\n",
              "0  Straight / Heterosexual         None       None  Appropriate in length   \n",
              "1                     None         None        Yes               Too long   \n",
              "2                     None         None        Yes               Too long   \n",
              "3                     None  South Asian         No               Too long   \n",
              "4                     None         None        Yes  Appropriate in length   \n",
              "\n",
              "                   SurveyEase  \n",
              "0  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "1                   Difficult  \n",
              "2  Neither easy nor difficult  \n",
              "3                        Easy  \n",
              "4  Neither easy nor difficult  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
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              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>MainBranch</th>\n",
              "      <th>Hobbyist</th>\n",
              "      <th>OpenSourcer</th>\n",
              "      <th>OpenSource</th>\n",
              "      <th>Employment</th>\n",
              "      <th>Country</th>\n",
              "      <th>Student</th>\n",
              "      <th>EdLevel</th>\n",
              "      <th>UndergradMajor</th>\n",
              "      <th>EduOther</th>\n",
              "      <th>OrgSize</th>\n",
              "      <th>DevType</th>\n",
              "      <th>YearsCode</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age1stCode</th>\n",
              "      <th>YearsCodePro</th>\n",
              "      <th>CareerSat</th>\n",
              "      <th>JobSat</th>\n",
              "      <th>MgrIdiot</th>\n",
              "      <th>MgrMoney</th>\n",
              "      <th>MgrWant</th>\n",
              "      <th>JobSeek</th>\n",
              "      <th>LastHireDate</th>\n",
              "      <th>LastInt</th>\n",
              "      <th>FizzBuzz</th>\n",
              "      <th>JobFactors</th>\n",
              "      <th>ResumeUpdate</th>\n",
              "      <th>CurrencySymbol</th>\n",
              "      <th>CurrencyDesc</th>\n",
              "      <th>CompTotal</th>\n",
              "      <th>CompFreq</th>\n",
              "      <th>ConvertedComp</th>\n",
              "      <th>WorkWeekHrs</th>\n",
              "      <th>WorkPlan</th>\n",
              "      <th>WorkChallenge</th>\n",
              "      <th>WorkRemote</th>\n",
              "      <th>WorkLoc</th>\n",
              "      <th>ImpSyn</th>\n",
              "      <th>CodeRev</th>\n",
              "      <th>CodeRevHrs</th>\n",
              "      <th>UnitTests</th>\n",
              "      <th>PurchaseHow</th>\n",
              "      <th>PurchaseWhat</th>\n",
              "      <th>LanguageWorkedWith</th>\n",
              "      <th>LanguageDesireNextYear</th>\n",
              "      <th>DatabaseWorkedWith</th>\n",
              "      <th>DatabaseDesireNextYear</th>\n",
              "      <th>PlatformWorkedWith</th>\n",
              "      <th>PlatformDesireNextYear</th>\n",
              "      <th>WebFrameWorkedWith</th>\n",
              "      <th>WebFrameDesireNextYear</th>\n",
              "      <th>MiscTechWorkedWith</th>\n",
              "      <th>MiscTechDesireNextYear</th>\n",
              "      <th>DevEnviron</th>\n",
              "      <th>OpSys</th>\n",
              "      <th>Containers</th>\n",
              "      <th>BlockchainOrg</th>\n",
              "      <th>BlockchainIs</th>\n",
              "      <th>BetterLife</th>\n",
              "      <th>ITperson</th>\n",
              "      <th>OffOn</th>\n",
              "      <th>SocialMedia</th>\n",
              "      <th>Extraversion</th>\n",
              "      <th>ScreenName</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOVisit1st</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOVisitFreq</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOVisitTo</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOFindAnswer</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOTimeSaved</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOHowMuchTime</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOAccount</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOPartFreq</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOJobs</th>\n",
              "      <th>EntTeams</th>\n",
              "      <th>SOComm</th>\n",
              "      <th>WelcomeChange</th>\n",
              "      <th>SONewContent</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Trans</th>\n",
              "      <th>Sexuality</th>\n",
              "      <th>Ethnicity</th>\n",
              "      <th>Dependents</th>\n",
              "      <th>SurveyLength</th>\n",
              "      <th>SurveyEase</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>I code primarily as a hobby</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per year</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not employed, but looking for work</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer science, computer engineering, or sof...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taught yourself a new language, framework, or ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, back-end;Engineer, site reliability</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;Elixir;Erlang;Go;P...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cassandra;Elasticsearch;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;R...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cassandra;DynamoDB;Elasticsearch;Firebase;Mong...</td>\n",
              "      <td>AWS;Docker;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Slack</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Arduino;AWS;Docker;Google Cloud Platfo...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Express;Flask;React.js;Spring</td>\n",
              "      <td>Django;Express;Flask;React.js;Vue.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Hadoop;Node.js;Pandas</td>\n",
              "      <td>Ansible;Apache Spark;Chef;Hadoop;Node.js;Panda...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Atom;IntelliJ;IPython / Jupyter;PyCharm;Visual...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>Development;Testing;Production;Outside of work...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful across many domains and could change ma...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>SIGH</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Handle</td>\n",
              "      <td>2012</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was slightly faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, definitely</td>\n",
              "      <td>A lot more welcome now than last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Straight / Heterosexual</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Once a month or more often</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>10,000 or more employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Data or business analyst;Data scientist or mac...</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>10</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly dissatisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly dissatisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Somewhat confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-4 years ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>INR</td>\n",
              "      <td>Indian rupee</td>\n",
              "      <td>950000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yearly</td>\n",
              "      <td>13293.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>70.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few days each month</td>\n",
              "      <td>Home</td>\n",
              "      <td>Far above average</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, because I see value in code review</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's part of our process</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>C#;Go;JavaScript;Python;R;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>C#;Go;JavaScript;Kotlin;Python;R;SQL</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MyS...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elasticsearch;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Express;Flas...</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET;Node.js;Pandas;Torch/PyTorch</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET;Node.js;TensorFlow;Torch/PyTorch</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android Studio;Eclipse;IPython / Jupyter;Notep...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither</td>\n",
              "      <td>Screen Name</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Multiple times per day</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Get a sense...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-5 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>They were about the same</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per month or weekly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, somewhat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Somewhat less welcome now than last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Too long</td>\n",
              "      <td>Difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a student who is learning to code</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of HIGHER quality than pro...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not employed, but looking for work</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Secondary school (e.g. American high school, G...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Taken an online course in programming or softw...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Student</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I've never had a job</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Industry that I'd be working in;Languages, fra...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Something else changed (education, award, medi...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Assembly;Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;C#;Go;HTM...</td>\n",
              "      <td>MariaDB;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>MariaDB;MongoDB;Microsoft SQL Server;MySQL;Ora...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux;Windows</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android;Google Cloud Platform;iOS;Linux;MacOS;...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Angular/Angular.js;ASP.NET;Django;Drupal;jQuer...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>.NET;.NET Core;Node.js;TensorFlow;Unity 3D;Unr...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Atom;NetBeans;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Vim</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>Development</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>What?</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>2018</td>\n",
              "      <td>Daily or almost daily</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>More than 10 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>They were about the same</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I've heard of them, but I am not part of a...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, somewhat</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Indu...</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Too long</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Once a month or more often</td>\n",
              "      <td>OSS is, on average, of LOWER quality than prop...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, ele...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Received on-the-job training in software devel...</td>\n",
              "      <td>10,000 or more employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, back-end;DevOps specialist</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>15</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Slightly satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>1-2 years ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Write code by hand (e.g., on a whiteboard);Int...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Specific department or team I'd be working on;...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I was preparing for a job search</td>\n",
              "      <td>INR</td>\n",
              "      <td>Indian rupee</td>\n",
              "      <td>400000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yearly</td>\n",
              "      <td>5597.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There is a schedule and/or spec (made by me or...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Meetings;Time spent commuting</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month / Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>Other place, such as a coworking space or cafe</td>\n",
              "      <td>Average</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...</td>\n",
              "      <td>The CTO, CIO, or other management purchase new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>I have little or no influence</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bash/Shell/PowerShell;C;C++;HTML/CSS;Java;Java...</td>\n",
              "      <td>HTML/CSS;JavaScript;Python</td>\n",
              "      <td>Elasticsearch;Firebase;MariaDB;MongoDB;MySQL;O...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Firebase;PostgreSQL;Redis;Other(s):</td>\n",
              "      <td>Arduino;AWS;Heroku;Linux;MacOS;Raspberry Pi;Wo...</td>\n",
              "      <td>AWS;Docker;Heroku;Kubernetes;Linux;MacOS;WordP...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Django;Express;Flask;jQuery</td>\n",
              "      <td>Express;Flask;jQuery;React.js;Vue.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Node.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Node.js</td>\n",
              "      <td>Notepad++;Visual Studio Code</td>\n",
              "      <td>MacOS</td>\n",
              "      <td>Testing</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not at all</td>\n",
              "      <td>Useful for immutable record keeping outside of...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Also Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>What?</td>\n",
              "      <td>YouTube</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Username</td>\n",
              "      <td>2012</td>\n",
              "      <td>Daily or almost daily</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions;Learn how t...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3-5 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was slightly faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than once per month or monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, definitely</td>\n",
              "      <td>Just as welcome now as I felt last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tech articles written by other developers;Tech...</td>\n",
              "      <td>23.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>South Asian</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Too long</td>\n",
              "      <td>Easy</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>I am a developer by profession</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Never</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Employed full-time</td>\n",
              "      <td>India</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>Information systems, information technology, o...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>20 to 99 employees</td>\n",
              "      <td>Developer, front-end;Developer, mobile</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>17</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very satisfied</td>\n",
              "      <td>Very confident</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Less than a year ago</td>\n",
              "      <td>Write any code;Solve a brain-teaser style puzz...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>Languages, frameworks, and other technologies ...</td>\n",
              "      <td>My job status changed (promotion, new job, etc.)</td>\n",
              "      <td>INR</td>\n",
              "      <td>Indian rupee</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Monthly</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>48.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>There's no schedule or spec; I work on what se...</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>About half the time</td>\n",
              "      <td>Office</td>\n",
              "      <td>Average</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, because I see value in code review</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes, it's not part of our process but the deve...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Assembly;C;C++;C#;HTML/CSS;Java</td>\n",
              "      <td>Kotlin</td>\n",
              "      <td>Firebase;MySQL;Oracle;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>Firebase;SQLite</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android</td>\n",
              "      <td>ASP.NET</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Android Studio;IntelliJ</td>\n",
              "      <td>Linux-based</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>What?</td>\n",
              "      <td>WhatsApp</td>\n",
              "      <td>In real life (in person)</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>2017</td>\n",
              "      <td>Multiple times per day</td>\n",
              "      <td>Find answers to specific questions</td>\n",
              "      <td>More than 10 times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>Stack Overflow was slightly faster</td>\n",
              "      <td>11-30 minutes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>A few times per week</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a job board...</td>\n",
              "      <td>No, and I don't know what those are</td>\n",
              "      <td>Not sure</td>\n",
              "      <td>A lot more welcome now than last year</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>Man</td>\n",
              "      <td>No</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>None</td>\n",
              "      <td>Yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>Appropriate in length</td>\n",
              "      <td>Neither easy nor difficult</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-7bacae46-8134-487b-bfac-f9517526188b')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-7bacae46-8134-487b-bfac-f9517526188b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-7bacae46-8134-487b-bfac-f9517526188b');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 120
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Lwrn1G-ZNYrC"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    }
  ]
}