Here's a list of Neo-related resources out there that might be useful to you. And a big thanks to everyone who has taken the time to put these together!
John Macpherson of Media Surgery has generously put together this video introduction to Neo, briefly discussing its features and practical use cases over the standard Matrix. We recommend starting with the part 1 video on Super Table as it covers some of the background to the Neo video.
A Straight Up Craft hangout hosted by Ben Parizek that features the original developer of Neo, Ben Fleming, along with Josh Crawford and Andrew Welch. Ben and Josh each showcase their plugins Neo and Super Table, with an in-depth discussion on the limitations of Craft's Matrix field, their experiences developing on Craft and what their goals were with Neo and Super Table.
Ian DeRanieri was kind enough to write up a detailed and screenshot-heavy solution on advanced content modelling techniques using Neo. It's quite a valuable resource for new users of Neo to see how it can be used to model real content.