or pe**rr**o | | s | | **s**ip | | sh | | **sh**ip | | t | | **t**an | +| ꝡ | | **w**ell or **y**ell | | z | | a**ds** | -The consonant **q** is usually pronounced as English "ng", but it can change its pronunciation depending on the consonant that follows: - -* default pronunciation – before **k**, **g**, **l**, **m**, **n**, **r**, **f**, **h**, **s**, **sh**, and at the end of a breath group: -* before **t**, **d**, **c**, **ch**, **j**: same as **n** -* before **p**, **b**: same as **m** +The consonant **ꝡ** is pronounced as English "w" after **ı** or **e**, and as English "y" after **u** or **o**. In other contexts it may be pronounced as either. ## Tones -**Toaq** is a *tonal* language -- it uses changes in pitch to distinguish grammatical meaning. **Toaq** is unique in that every tone corresponds to a part of speech (nouns, verbs, adverbs, etc), and vice-versa. This means that the same part of speech always carries the same tone, or, in other words, that each tone uniquely identifies a word as belonging to a specific part of speech. The functions of the tones will be introduced bit by bit. For now it is enough that you are aware of their existence. Below is a table of **Toaq**'s tones along with their pronunciation (on the dummy syllable **na**). There are six tones in total: +Toaq is a *tonal* language -- it uses changes in pitch to distinguish grammatical meaning. The functions of the tones will be introduced bit by bit. For now it is enough that you are aware of their existence. Below is a table of Toaq's tones along with their pronunciation (on the dummy syllable **na**). There are four tones in total: -| ![](../tones/t2.png) | rising tone | **ná** | | -| ![](../tones/t3.png) | rising glottal tone | **nä** | | -| ![](../tones/t4.png) | falling tone | **nả** | | -| ![](../tones/t5.png) | rising-falling tone | **nâ** | | -| ![](../tones/t6.png) | mid tone | **nà** | | -| ![](../tones/t7.png) | low glottal tone | **nã** | | +| ![](../tones/d1.png) | falling tone | **na** | | +| ![](../tones/d2.png) | rising tone | **ná** | | +| ![](../tones/d3.png) | glottal tone | **nä** | | +| ![](../tones/d4.png) | hiatus tone | **nâ** | | -Once you have made yourself familiar with the letters and the tones and have got yourself a comfortable spot, all that is left for us to do is wish you good luck with this course... and why not in **Toaq**: +Once you have made yourself familiar with the letters and the tones and have got yourself a comfortable spot, all that is left for us to do is wish you good luck with this course... and why not in Toaq:
or pe**rr**o | | s | | **s**ip | | sh | | **sh**ip | | t | | **t**an | +| ꝡ | | **w**ell or **y**ell | | z | | a**ds** | -The consonant **q** is usually pronounced as English "ng", but it can change its pronunciation depending on the consonant that follows: - -* default pronunciation – before **k**, **g**, **l**, **m**, **n**, **r**, **f**, **h**, **s**, **sh**, and at the end of a breath group: -* before **t**, **d**, **c**, **ch**, **j**: same as **n** -* before **p**, **b**: same as **m** +The consonant **ꝡ** is pronounced as English "w" after **ı** or **e**, and as English "y" after **u** or **o**. In other contexts it may be pronounced as either. ## Tones -**Toaq** is a *tonal* language -- it uses changes in pitch to distinguish grammatical meaning. **Toaq** is unique in that every tone corresponds to a part of speech (nouns, verbs, adverbs, etc), and vice-versa. This means that the same part of speech always carries the same tone, or, in other words, that each tone uniquely identifies a word as belonging to a specific part of speech. The functions of the tones will be introduced bit by bit. For now it is enough that you are aware of their existence. Below is a table of **Toaq**'s tones along with their pronunciation (on the dummy syllable **na**). There are six tones in total: +Toaq is a *tonal* language -- it uses changes in pitch to distinguish grammatical meaning. The functions of the tones will be introduced bit by bit. For now it is enough that you are aware of their existence. Below is a table of Toaq's tones along with their pronunciation (on the dummy syllable **na**). There are four tones in total: -| ![](../tones/t2.png) | rising tone | **ná** | | -| ![](../tones/t3.png) | rising glottal tone | **nä** | | -| ![](../tones/t4.png) | falling tone | **nả** | | -| ![](../tones/t5.png) | rising-falling tone | **nâ** | | -| ![](../tones/t6.png) | mid tone | **nà** | | -| ![](../tones/t7.png) | low glottal tone | **nã** | | +| ![](../tones/d1.png) | falling tone | **na** | | +| ![](../tones/d2.png) | rising tone | **ná** | | +| ![](../tones/d3.png) | glottal tone | **nä** | | +| ![](../tones/d4.png) | hiatus tone | **nâ** | | -Once you have made yourself familiar with the letters and the tones and have got yourself a comfortable spot, all that is left for us to do is wish you good luck with this course... and why not in **Toaq**: +Once you have made yourself familiar with the letters and the tones and have got yourself a comfortable spot, all that is left for us to do is wish you good luck with this course... and why not in Toaq: