diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 6f196ab..dc98984 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
     "@digitalbazaar/http-client": "^4.0.0",
     "@digitalbazaar/mocha-w3c-interop-reporter": "^1.6.0",
     "@digitalbazaar/multikey-context": "^2.0.1",
+    "@digitalbazaar/security-document-loader": "^3.0.0",
     "@digitalbazaar/vc": "^7.0.0",
     "@digitalcredentials/did-context": "^1.0.0",
     "base58-universal": "^2.0.0",
diff --git a/tests/75-proof-chains.js b/tests/75-proof-chains.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..812186f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/75-proof-chains.js
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*!
+ * Copyright 2024 Digital Bazaar, Inc.
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+ */
+import {
+  addProof,
+  createVc,
+} from './vc-issuer/index.js';
+import {
+  setupReportableTestSuite,
+  setupRow,
+} from './helpers.js';
+import {endpoints} from 'vc-test-suite-implementations';
+
+const cryptosuites = [
+  'ecdsa-rdfc-2019',
+];
+
+const {match: issuers} = endpoints.filterByTag({
+  tags: cryptosuites,
+  property: 'issuers'
+});
+
+const {match: verifiers} = endpoints.filterByTag({
+  tags: cryptosuites,
+  property: 'verifiers'
+});
+
+describe('Proof Chains', function() {
+  setupReportableTestSuite(this);
+  for(const [columnId, {endpoints}] of verifiers) {
+    describe(columnId, function() {
+      const [verifier] = endpoints;
+      let issuedCredential;
+      let issuedProofSet;
+      let issuedProofChain;
+      before(async function() {
+        // signedCredential = await addProof(
+        //   generateCredential());
+        issuedCredential = await createVc();
+        issuedProofSet = await addProof(
+          structuredClone(issuedCredential));
+        issuedProofChain = await addProof(
+          structuredClone(issuedProofSet), issuedCredential.proof[0].id);
+      });
+      beforeEach(setupRow);
+      it('If a proof with id value equal to the value of previousProof ' +
+        'does not exist in allProofs, an error MUST be raised and SHOULD ' +
+        'convey an error type of PROOF_VERIFICATION_ERROR.',
+      async function() {
+        this.test.link = 'https://www.w3.org/TR/vc-data-integrity/#verify-proof-sets-and-chains';
+      });
+      it('If any element of previousProof list has an id attribute ' +
+        'value that does not match the id attribute value of any ' +
+        'element of allProofs, an error MUST be raised and SHOULD ' +
+        'convey an error type of PROOF_VERIFICATION_ERROR.',
+      async function() {
+        this.test.link = 'https://www.w3.org/TR/vc-data-integrity/#verify-proof-sets-and-chains';
+      });
+    });
+  }
+});
diff --git a/tests/vc-issuer/documentLoader.js b/tests/vc-issuer/documentLoader.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..417afc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/vc-issuer/documentLoader.js
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*!
+ * Copyright (c) 2023-2024 Digital Bazaar, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ */
+import dataIntegrityContext from '@digitalbazaar/data-integrity-context';
+import multikeyContext from '@digitalbazaar/multikey-context';
+import {named} from '@digitalbazaar/credentials-context';
+import {securityLoader} from '@digitalbazaar/security-document-loader';
+
+export const loader = securityLoader();
+
+loader.addStatic(
+  named.get('v2').id,
+  named.get('v2').context
+);
+
+loader.addStatic(
+  dataIntegrityContext.constants.CONTEXT_URL,
+  dataIntegrityContext.contexts.get(dataIntegrityContext.constants.CONTEXT_URL)
+);
+
+loader.addStatic(
+  multikeyContext.constants.CONTEXT_URL,
+  multikeyContext.contexts.get(multikeyContext.constants.CONTEXT_URL)
+);
diff --git a/tests/vc-issuer/index.js b/tests/vc-issuer/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4a0525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/vc-issuer/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*!
+ * Copyright 2024 Digital Bazaar, Inc.
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+ */
+import * as base58 from 'base58-universal';
+import * as EcdsaMultikey from '@digitalbazaar/ecdsa-multikey';
+import * as rdfCanonize from 'rdf-canonize';
+import crypto from 'crypto';
+// import {DataIntegrityProof} from '@digitalbazaar/data-integrity';
+// import {cryptosuite as ecdsaRdfc2019Cryptosuite} from
+//   '@digitalbazaar/ecdsa-rdfc-2019-cryptosuite';
+// import jsigs from 'jsonld-signatures';
+import jsonld from 'jsonld';
+// const {purposes: {AssertionProofPurpose}} = jsigs;
+import {loader} from './documentLoader.js';
+
+const documentLoader = loader.build();
+const publicKeyMultibase = 'zDnaekGZTbQBerwcehBSXLqAg6s55hVEBms1zFy89VHXtJSa9';
+const secretKeyMultibase = 'z42tqZ5smVag3DtDhjY9YfVwTMyVHW6SCHJi2ZMrD23DGYS3';
+const controller = `did:key:${publicKeyMultibase}`;
+
+function generateProofId() {
+  return `urn:uuid:${crypto.randomUUID()}`;
+}
+
+const dataIntegrityProof = {
+  type: 'DataIntegrityProof',
+  cryptosuite: 'ecdsa-rdfc-2019',
+  proofPurpose: 'assertionMethod',
+  verificationMethod: `${controller}#${publicKeyMultibase}`,
+};
+
+// create the keypair to use when signing
+const keyPair = await EcdsaMultikey.from({
+  '@context': 'https://w3id.org/security/multikey/v1',
+  id: `${controller}#${publicKeyMultibase}`,
+  type: 'Multikey',
+  controller,
+  publicKeyMultibase,
+  secretKeyMultibase
+});
+
+// // create suite
+// const suite = new DataIntegrityProof({
+//   signer: keyPair.signer(), cryptosuite: ecdsaRdfc2019Cryptosuite
+// });
+
+// create the unsigned credential
+const unsignedCredential = {
+  '@context': ['https://www.w3.org/ns/credentials/v2'],
+  type: ['VerifiableCredential'],
+  issuer: controller,
+  credentialSubject: {name: 'Alice'}
+};
+
+export async function createVc() {
+  return addProof(unsignedCredential);
+}
+
+export async function addProof(credential, previousProof = null) {
+  // const unsecuredDocument = structuredClone(unsignedCredential);
+  // const signedDocument = await jsigs.sign(credential, {
+  //   suite,
+  //   purpose: new AssertionProofPurpose(),
+  //   documentLoader
+  // });
+  const proofSet = credential?.proof || [];
+  const unsecuredDocument = structuredClone(credential);
+  delete unsecuredDocument.proof;
+  const proofOptions = structuredClone(dataIntegrityProof);
+  if(previousProof) {
+    // const allProofs = [];
+    const matchingProofs = proofSet.filter(entry => entry.id === previousProof);
+    unsecuredDocument.proof = matchingProofs;
+    proofOptions.previousProof = previousProof;
+  }
+
+  const securedDocument = structuredClone(unsecuredDocument);
+  const proof = await createProof(unsecuredDocument, proofOptions);
+  proofSet.push(proof);
+  securedDocument.proof = proofSet;
+
+  return securedDocument;
+}
+
+export async function createProof(unsecuredDocument, options) {
+  // https://www.w3.org/TR/vc-di-ecdsa/#create-proof-ecdsa-rdfc-2019
+  options.id = generateProofId();
+  const proof = structuredClone(options);
+
+  options['@context'] = unsecuredDocument['@context'];
+
+  const proofConfig = await canonize(options);
+  const proofConfigHash =
+    crypto.createHash('sha256').update(proofConfig).digest();
+
+  const transformedData = await canonize(unsecuredDocument);
+  const transformedDataHash =
+    crypto.createHash('sha256').update(transformedData).digest();
+
+  const hashData = Buffer.concat([proofConfigHash, transformedDataHash]);
+
+  const proofbytes = await keyPair.signer().sign({data: hashData});
+
+  proof.proofValue = `z${base58.encode(proofbytes)}`;
+
+  return proof;
+}
+
+async function canonize(input) {
+  const options = {
+    algorithm: 'RDFC-1.0',
+    base: null,
+    // format: 'application/n-quads',
+    documentLoader,
+    safe: true,
+    skipExpansion: false,
+    produceGeneralizedRdf: false,
+    rdfDirection: 'i18n-datatype',
+    messageDigestAlgorithm: 'SHA-256',
+  };
+  const dataset = await jsonld.toRDF(input, options);
+  return rdfCanonize.canonize(dataset, options);
+}