diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig new file mode 100644 index 00000000..625d6107 --- /dev/null +++ b/.editorconfig @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +root = true + +[*] +end_of_line = lf +insert_final_newline = true +charset = utf-8 +indent_size = 2 +indent_style = space +trim_trailing_whitespace = true +max_line_length = 100 + +[Makefile] +indent_style = tab + +[*.bs] +indent_size = 1 + +[*.py] +indent_size = 4 diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2f2e77ea --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +* text=auto +*.bs diff=html linguist-language=HTML diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml index 89e7b73c..9f270cee 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/build.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml @@ -2,25 +2,29 @@ name: Build on: pull_request: branches: - - master + - main push: branches: - - master + - main jobs: build: name: Build - runs-on: ubuntu-latest + runs-on: ubuntu-20.04 steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v2 - - uses: actions/setup-node@v1 with: - node-version: 16 - - run: npm install - - name: Build - run: make ci - - name: Deploy - if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' }} - uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 + fetch-depth: 2 + # Note: `python` will also be this version, which various scripts depend on. + - uses: actions/setup-python@v2 + with: + python-version: 3.8 + - uses: actions/setup-node@v2 with: - github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - publish_dir: ./out + node-version: 14 + - run: npm install + # Note: `make deploy` will do a deploy dry run on PRs. + - run: make deploy + env: + SERVER: ${{ secrets.MARQUEE_SERVER }} + SERVER_PUBLIC_KEY: ${{ secrets.MARQUEE_PUBLIC_KEY }} + SERVER_DEPLOY_KEY: ${{ secrets.MARQUEE_DEPLOY_KEY }} diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index e1c17340..08da3f1a 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ -/out/ -index.ids -index.html +/webidl.spec.whatwg.org/ +/deploy.sh +/index.html +/review.sh /node_modules/ diff --git a/.pr-preview.json b/.pr-preview.json index 5ca47f73..3b9efb15 100644 --- a/.pr-preview.json +++ b/.pr-preview.json @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ { - "src_file": "index.bs", - "type": "bikeshed", - "post_processing": { - "name": "webidl-grammar" - } + "src_file": "index.bs", + "type": "bikeshed", + "params": { + "force": 1, + "md-status": "LS-PR", + "md-Text-Macro": "PR-NUMBER {{ pull_request.number }}" + } } diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f2dcda46 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,356 @@ +Copyright © WHATWG (Apple, Google, Mozilla, Microsoft). + +This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International +License. To the extent portions of it are incorporated into source code, +such portions in the source code are licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License instead. + +- - - - + +Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License + +By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree +to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons +Attribution 4.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the +extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are +granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of +these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in +consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the +Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions. + + +Section 1 -- Definitions. + + a. 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If the provision + cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License + without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and + conditions. + + c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no + failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the + Licensor. + + d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted + as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities + that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal + processes of any jurisdiction or authority. + +- - - - + +BSD 3-Clause License + +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: + +1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this + list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + +2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, + this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation + and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + +3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its + contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from + this software without specific prior written permission. + +THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" +AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE +DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR +SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER +CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, +OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE +OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + +- - - - diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index b1d8ff4d..cfe083ed 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -1,62 +1,28 @@ SHELL=/bin/bash -o pipefail -.PHONY: ci clean +.PHONY: local remote deploy review -bs_installed := $(shell command -v bikeshed 2> /dev/null) -node_installed := $(shell command -v node 2> /dev/null) -npm_installed := $(shell command -v npm 2> /dev/null) -pp_webidl_installed := $(shell npm ls webidl-grammar-post-processor --parseable --depth=0 2> /dev/null) - -index.html: index.bs -ifdef bs_installed - bikeshed spec --die-on=warning index.bs -else -ifndef CI - @echo Can\'t find a local version of Bikeshed. To install it, visit: - @echo - @echo https://tabatkins.github.io/bikeshed/#installing - @echo - @echo Trying to build the spec using the online API at: https://api.csswg.org/bikeshed/ - @echo This will fail if you are not connected to the network. - @echo -endif +remote: index.bs @ (HTTP_STATUS=$$(curl https://api.csswg.org/bikeshed/ \ --output index.html \ --write-out "%{http_code}" \ --header "Accept: text/plain, text/html" \ -F die-on=warning \ + -F md-Text-Macro="COMMIT-SHA LOCAL COPY" \ -F file=@index.bs) && \ [[ "$$HTTP_STATUS" -eq "200" ]]) || ( \ echo ""; cat index.html; echo ""; \ rm -f index.html; \ exit 22 \ ); -endif -ifdef node_installed - node ./check-grammar.js index.html -else ifdef CI - exit 1 -else - @echo You need node for grammer checking. -endif -ifdef pp_webidl_installed - npm run pp-webidl -- --input index.html -else ifdef npm_installed - npm install - npm run pp-webidl -- --input index.html -else ifdef CI - exit 1 -else - @echo You need node.js and npm to apply post-processing. To install it, visit: - @echo - @echo https://nodejs.org/en/download/ - @echo - @echo Until then, post-processing will be done dynamically, in JS, on page load. -endif -ci: - mkdir -p out - make index.html - mv index.html out/index.html +local: index.bs + bikeshed spec index.bs index.html --md-Text-Macro="COMMIT-SHA LOCAL COPY" + +deploy: index.bs + curl --remote-name --fail https://resources.whatwg.org/build/deploy.sh + POST_BUILD_STEP='node ./check-grammar.js "$$DIR/index.html" && npm run pp-webidl -- --input "$$DIR/index.html"' \ + bash ./deploy.sh -clean: - rm -f index.html +review: index.bs + curl --remote-name --fail https://resources.whatwg.org/build/review.sh + bash ./review.sh diff --git a/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md b/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..feff7ed1 --- /dev/null +++ b/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ + + +- [ ] At least two implementers are interested (and none opposed): + * … + * … +- [ ] [Tests](https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt) are written and can be reviewed and commented upon at: + * … +- [ ] [Implementation bugs](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md#handling-pull-requests) are filed: + * Chrome: … + * Firefox: … + * Safari: … + +(See [WHATWG Working Mode: Changes](https://whatwg.org/working-mode#changes) for more details.) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7a3f1bf0..72328271 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,17 +1,26 @@ -# Web IDL +This repository hosts the [Web IDL Standard](https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/). -This is the repository where the [Web IDL](http://heycam.github.io/webidl/) specification is developed. +## Code of conduct + +We are committed to providing a friendly, safe, and welcoming environment for all. Please read and +respect the [WHATWG Code of Conduct](https://whatwg.org/code-of-conduct). ## Contributing Good first issues are labeled as a [short good first issue](https://github.com/heycam/webidl/issues?q=is%3Aopen+label%3A%22%E2%8C%9B+duration%3Ashort%22+label%3A%22good+first+issue%22). -IDL generally follows the [WHATWG Contributor Guidelines](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md) and [WHATWG Committer Guidelines](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/master/COMMITTING.md), except as otherwise noted. +IDL generally follows the [WHATWG Contributor Guidelines](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) and [WHATWG Committer Guidelines](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/COMMITTING.md), except as otherwise noted. ## Markup The specification is written in [Bikeshed](https://github.com/tabatkins/bikeshed), plus the [Ecmarkup tags](https://tc39.es/ecmarkup/) ``, ``, and ``. +## Building "locally" + +For quick local iteration, run `make`. To verify your changes locally, run `npm install` and +`make deploy`. See more in the +[WHATWG Contributor Guidelines](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#building). + ## Filing issues elsewhere ### Breaking changes should be filed against: diff --git a/index.bs b/index.bs index 546aae1b..68990991 100644 --- a/index.bs +++ b/index.bs @@ -1,23 +1,12 @@ 
-Title: Web IDL
-Shortname: WebIDL
-Level: 2
-Status: ED
-Group: webplatform
-Mailing list: public-script-coord@w3.org
-Mailing List Archives: https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-script-coord/
-Repository: heycam/webidl
-!Feedback: GitHub (new issue, open issues, legacy bug tracker)
-ED: https://heycam.github.io/webidl/
-Editor: Edgar Chen, Mozilla Corporation, echen@mozilla.com
-Editor: Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu, timothygu99@gmail.com
-Former Editor: Cameron McCormack, Mozilla Corporation, http://mcc.id.au/, cam@mcc.id.au
-Former Editor: Boris Zbarsky, Mozilla Corporation, bzbarsky@mit.edu
-Former Editor: Tobie Langel, https://tobie.me, tobie@unlockopen.com
+Group: WHATWG
+H1: Web IDL
+Shortname: webidl
+Text Macro: TWITTER webidl
 Abstract: This document defines an interface definition language, Web IDL,
 Abstract: that can be used to describe interfaces that are intended to be
-Abstract: implemented in web browsers. Web IDL is an IDL variant with a
-Abstract: number of features that allow the behavior of common script objects in
+Abstract: implemented in web browsers. Web IDL is an IDL variant with a number
+Abstract: of features that allow the behavior of common script objects in
 Abstract: the web platform to be specified more readily. How interfaces
 Abstract: described with Web IDL correspond to constructs within ECMAScript
 Abstract: execution environments is also detailed in this document.
@@ -26,8 +15,7 @@ Abstract: as a guide to implementors of already-published specifications,
 Abstract: and that newly published specifications reference this
 Abstract: document to ensure conforming implementations of interfaces
 Abstract: are interoperable.
-Boilerplate: omit issues-index, omit conformance, omit feedback-header
-Default Biblio Status: current
+Complain About: accidental-2119 no
 
@@ -90,7 +78,7 @@ urlPrefix: https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/; spec: ECMA-262
         text: %Array.prototype%; url: sec-properties-of-the-array-prototype-object
         text: %Error.prototype%; url: sec-properties-of-the-error-prototype-object
         text: %Function.prototype%; url: sec-properties-of-the-function-prototype-object
-        text: %IteratorPrototype%; url: sec-%iteratorprototype%-object
+        text: %IteratorPrototype%; url: sec-%25iteratorprototype%25-object
         text: %Map.prototype%; url: sec-properties-of-the-map-prototype-object
         text: %Object.prototype%; url: sec-properties-of-the-object-prototype-object
         text: %Promise%; url: sec-promise-constructor
@@ -396,50 +384,6 @@ urlPrefix: https://tc39.es/proposal-resizablearraybuffer/; spec: RESIZABLE-BUFFE
         }
 
 
-

-

-  This is a public copy of the editors’ draft.
-  It is provided for discussion only and may change at any moment.
-  Its publication here does not imply endorsement of its contents
-  by W3C.
-  Don’t cite this document other than as work in progress.
-
-

-  Changes to this document may be tracked at
-  [REPOSITORYURL].
-
-

-  GitHub issues are preferred for discussion of this specification.
-  There is also a historical mailing-list archive.
-
-

-  This document was produced by the
-  Web Platform Working Group.
-
-

-  This document was produced by a group operating under the
-  5 February 2004
-  W3C Patent Policy.
-  W3C maintains a
-  public list of any patent disclosures
-  made in connection with the deliverables of the group;
-  that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.
-  An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains
-  Essential Claim(s)
-  must disclose the information in accordance with
-  section 6 of the
-  W3C Patent Policy.
-
-

-    This document is governed by the
-    1 March 2017
-    W3C Process Document.
-
-

-  [STATUSTEXT]
-
-

-
 
 
Introduction

 
@@ -532,7 +476,7 @@ in [[#es-extended-attributes]].
         IncludesStatement
-
+
The following is an example of an [=IDL fragment=]. @@ -736,7 +680,7 @@ it must only be used for [=regular operations=] that convert objects to [=JSON types=], as described in [[#idl-tojson-operation]]. -Note: Further restrictions on identifier names for particular constructs may be made +Note: Further restrictions on identifier names for particular constructs can be made in later sections. Within the set of [=IDL fragments=] @@ -764,7 +708,7 @@ to a [=definition=] need not appear after the declaration of the referenced definition. References can also be made across [=IDL fragments=]. -
+
Therefore, the following [=IDL fragment=] is valid: @@ -782,7 +726,7 @@ across [=IDL fragments=].
-
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] demonstrates how [=identifiers=] @@ -878,7 +822,7 @@ interface will expose the member on the derived interface. It is language binding specific whether the overridden member can be accessed on the object. -
+
Consider the following two interfaces. @@ -999,7 +943,7 @@ definitions does not matter. Note: A partial interface definition cannot specify that the interface [=interface/inherits=] from another interface. -Inheritance must be specified on the original [=interface=] +Inheritance is to be specified on the original [=interface=] definition. The relevant language binding determines how interfaces correspond to constructs @@ -1116,7 +1060,7 @@ The qualified name of an [=interface=] |interface| is defined as foll ε -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] demonstrates the definition of two mutually referential [=interfaces=]. @@ -1142,7 +1086,7 @@ The qualified name of an [=interface=] |interface| is defined as foll
-
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines simplified versions of a DOM [=interfaces=] @@ -1668,7 +1612,9 @@ or one of the three special floating point constant values (-Infinity, Infinity and NaN). Note: These values – in addition to strings and the empty sequence – can also be used to specify the -[=dictionary member/default value|default value of a dictionary member=] or [=optional argument/default value|of an optional argument=]. Note that strings, the +[=dictionary member/default value|default value of a dictionary member=] or +of an optional argument. +Note that strings, the empty sequence [], and the default dictionary {} cannot be used as the value of a [=constant=]. @@ -1725,10 +1671,10 @@ lie outside the valid range of values for its type, as given in
The value of a constant value specified as -Infinity, -Infinity or NaN is either +Infinity, -Infinity, or NaN is either an IEEE 754 single-precision floating point number or an IEEE 754 double-precision floating point number, depending on the type of the -constant, dictionary member or optional argument is is being used as the +constant, dictionary member, or optional argument it is being used as the value for:
@@ -1827,7 +1773,7 @@ The following extended attributes are applicable to constants: identifier -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] demonstrates how [=constants=] @@ -2031,7 +1977,7 @@ are applicable only to regular attributes: ε -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] demonstrates how [=attributes=] @@ -2181,7 +2127,7 @@ language bindings. }; -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] demonstrates how [=regular operations=] @@ -2232,7 +2178,7 @@ defined in this specification) and [=callback functions=] are also considered to be [=variadic=] when the ... token is used in their argument lists. -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface that has two variadic operations: @@ -2375,7 +2321,7 @@ of this value is the same as the type of the optional argument it is being used as the default value of. That type must be a [=dictionary type=], or a [=union type=] that has a [=dictionary type=] in its [=flattened member types=]. -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an [=interface=] @@ -2402,7 +2348,7 @@ type=] that has a [=dictionary type=] in its [=flattened member types=].
-
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an [=interface=] @@ -2657,7 +2603,7 @@ steps are to do nothing.” See [[#interface-object]] for details on how a [=constructor operation=] is to be implemented. -
+
The following IDL defines two interfaces. The second has [=constructor operations=], while the first does not. @@ -2763,7 +2709,7 @@ On a given [=interface=], there must exist at most one stringifier. ";" -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface that will stringify to the value of its @@ -2807,7 +2753,7 @@ On a given [=interface=], there must exist at most one stringifier. }; - Thus, prose is required to explain the stringification behavior. + Thus, there needs to be prose to explain the stringification behavior. We assume that the familyName and givenName attributes are backed by family name and given name concepts, respectively. @@ -2877,7 +2823,7 @@ operations with no identifier, then in language bindings that do not support the particular kind of special operations there simply will not be such functionality. -
+
The following IDL fragment defines an interface with a getter and a setter: @@ -2902,7 +2848,7 @@ is equivalent to separating the special operation out into its own declaration without an identifier. This approach is allowed to simplify [=method steps=] of an interface’s operations. -
+
The following two interfaces are equivalent: @@ -3053,7 +2999,7 @@ The following requirements apply to the definitions of indexed property getters
-
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface OrderedMap which allows @@ -3234,7 +3180,7 @@ to an instance of the interface. RegularOperation -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface Circle that has a static @@ -3469,7 +3415,7 @@ the same operation or constructor. 1. Return |S|.
-
+
For the following interface: @@ -3801,7 +3747,7 @@ one [=list/item=] with the same [=type list=] [=list/size=], where one [=list/it {{bigint}} argument at the [=distinguishing argument index=] and another has a [=numeric type=] argument at the [=distinguishing argument index=]. -
+
Consider the [=effective overload set=] shown in the previous example. There are multiple items in the set with type lists 2, 3 and 4. @@ -3829,7 +3775,7 @@ all of the items’ type lists must be the same, and the [=optionality values=] at index |j| in all of the items’ optionality lists must be the same. -
+
The following is invalid: @@ -4090,8 +4036,8 @@ style, since it is most likely that either style would sufficiently and convenie intended behavior. However, the definition and conversion algorithms of [=union types=] and [=optional arguments=] are simpler to implement and reason about than [=overload resolution algorithm|those=] of [=overloaded|overloads=], and usually result in more idiomatic APIs -in the ECMAScript language binding. Thus, unless any other considerations apply, [=union types=] -(and/or [=optional arguments=]) are the default choice. +in the ECMAScript language binding. Thus, unless any other considerations apply, [=union types=], +[=optional arguments=], or both are the default choice. Specifications are also free to mix and match union types and overloads, if the author finds it appropriate and convenient. @@ -4164,7 +4110,7 @@ Prose accompanying an [=interface=] with a [=pair iterator=] must define a [=/li are currently allowed only on interfaces that [=support indexed properties=], it makes sense to use an Array-like forEach method. - There may be a need for [=value iterators=] + There could be a need for [=value iterators=] (a) on interfaces that do not [=support indexed properties=], or (b) with a forEach method that instead invokes its callback like @@ -4187,7 +4133,7 @@ named "entries", "forEach", or have any [=inherited interfaces=] that have [=members=] with these names. -
+
Consider the following interface SessionManager, which allows access to a number of Session objects keyed by username: @@ -4372,7 +4318,7 @@ receive the instance of the [=interface=] being iterated, the newly-created iter [=interface members=] named "entries", "keys", or "values", or have any [=inherited interfaces=] that have [=interface members=] with these names. -
+
Consider the following interface SessionManager, which allows access to a number of Session objects keyed by username: @@ -4867,7 +4813,7 @@ specific dictionary |D| if all of its [=map/entries=] correspond to [=dictionary as those entries have the correct types, and there are [=map/entries=] present for any [=dictionary member/required=] or [=dictionary member/default value|defaulted=] dictionary members. -
+
     dictionary Descriptor {
       DOMString name;
@@ -5022,7 +4968,7 @@ identifiers.
     of a dictionary value of type C is
     c, d, g, h, a, b, e, f.
 
-    Dictionaries are required to have their members ordered because
+    Dictionaries need to have their members ordered because
     in some language bindings the behavior observed when passing
     a dictionary value to a platform object depends on the order
     the dictionary members are fetched.  For example, consider the
@@ -5031,7 +4977,7 @@ identifiers.
     
         [Exposed=Window]
         interface Something {
-          undefined f(A a);
+          undefined f(A a);
         };
     

 
@@ -5102,9 +5048,10 @@ No [=extended attributes=] are applicable to dictionaries.
 
 

 
-

+

 
-    One use of dictionary types is to allow a number of optional arguments to
+    One use of dictionary types is to allow a number of optional
+    arguments to
     an [=operation=] without being
     constrained as to the order they are specified at the call site.  For example,
     consider the following [=IDL fragment=]:
@@ -5130,7 +5077,8 @@ No [=extended attributes=] are applicable to dictionaries.
In an ECMAScript implementation of the IDL, an Object - can be passed in for the optional PaintOptions dictionary: + can be passed in for the optional + PaintOptions dictionary: 
         // Get an instance of GraphicsContext.
@@ -5207,7 +5155,7 @@ The resulting behavior from creating and throwing an exception is language bindi
 Note: See [[#es-creating-throwing-exceptions]] for details on what creating and throwing an exception
 entails in the ECMAScript language binding.
 
-

+

 
     Here is are some examples of wording to use to create and throw exceptions.
     To throw a new [=simple exception=] named {{TypeError}}:
@@ -5488,7 +5436,7 @@ defined in this specification are applicable to [=enumerations=].
         ε
-
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an [=enumeration=] @@ -5564,7 +5512,7 @@ The following extended attribute is applicable to callback functions: identifier "=" Type "(" ArgumentList ")" ";" -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] defines a [=callback function=] used for an API that @@ -5618,7 +5566,7 @@ defined in this specification are applicable to [=typedefs=]. "typedef" TypeWithExtendedAttributes identifier ";" -
+
The following [=IDL fragment=] demonstrates the use of [=typedefs=] @@ -6352,7 +6300,7 @@ The [=type name=] of a nullable type is the concatenation of the type name of the [=nullable types/inner type=] |T| and the string "OrNull". -
+
For example, a type that allows the values true, false and null @@ -6606,7 +6554,7 @@ Additional types can be created from existing ones by specifying certain [=exten the existing types. Such types are called annotated types, and the types they annotate are called inner types. -
+
[Clamp] long defines a new [=annotated type=], whose behavior is based on that of the [=annotated types/inner type=] {{long}}, but modified as specified by the [{{Clamp}}] extended attribute. @@ -6630,7 +6578,7 @@ The following extended attributes are applicable ExtendedAttributeList to |extended attributes|. -
+ 
                 [Exposed=Window]
                 interface I {
@@ -6649,7 +6597,7 @@ The following extended attributes are applicable
     1.  If |type| is a [=member type=] of a [=union type=] |U|, [=set/append=] each of the
         [=extended attributes associated with=] |U| to |extended attributes|.
 
-        

+        

             
                 [Exposed=Window]
                 interface I {
@@ -6664,7 +6612,7 @@ The following extended attributes are applicable
         ExtendedAttributeList that are
         [=applicable to types=].
 
-        

+        

             
                 [Exposed=Window]
                 interface I {
@@ -6677,13 +6625,13 @@ The following extended attributes are applicable
             the argument's type.
         

     1.  If |type| appears as part of a Type production
-        directly within an DictionaryMember
+        directly within a DictionaryMember
         production, [=set/append=] to |extended attributes| all of the [=extended attributes=]
         present in the production's
         ExtendedAttributeList that are
         [=applicable to types=].
 
-        

+        

             
                 dictionary D {
                     [XAttr] long member;
@@ -6697,7 +6645,7 @@ The following extended attributes are applicable
     1.  If |type| is a [=typedef=], [=set/append=] the [=extended attributes associated with=] the
         [=type being given a new name=] to |extended attributes|.
 
-        

+        

             
                 typedef [XAttr] long xlong;
             

@@ -6712,7 +6660,7 @@ The [=type name=] of a type associated with [=extended attributes=] is the conca
 type name of the original type with the set of strings corresponding to the [=identifiers=] of each
 [=extended attribute associated with=] the type, sorted in lexicographic order.
 
-

+

     The [=type name=] for a type of the form [B, A] long? is "LongOrNullAB".
 

 
@@ -6724,7 +6672,7 @@ data.  The table below lists these types and the kind of buffer or view they rep
 
 
-    
+    

     
TypeKind of buffer
ArrayBufferAn object that holds a pointer (which may be null) to a buffer of a fixed number of bytes
ArrayBufferAn object that holds a pointer (which can be null) to a buffer of a fixed number of bytes

     
DataViewA view on to an {{ArrayBuffer}} that allows typed access to integers and floating point values stored at arbitrary offsets into the buffer

     
Int8Array,

             Int16Array,

@@ -6812,7 +6760,7 @@ of algorithms:
     being removed.
 
 Both of these algorithms are optional, and if not provided, the default behavior will be to do
-nothing. Either algorithm may throw an exception, e.g. to reject invalid values.
+nothing. Either algorithm may throw an exception, e.g., to reject invalid values.
 
 Note that when ECMAScript code sets an existing index to a new value, this will first call the
 [=observable array attribute/delete an indexed value=] algorithm to remove the existing value, and
@@ -6831,7 +6779,7 @@ There is no way to represent a constant observable array value in IDL.
 The [=type name=] of an observable array type is the concatenation of the type name for |T| and the
 string "ObservableArray".
 
-

+

     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an [=interface=] with an observable array attribute:
 
     
@@ -7149,8 +7097,8 @@ Unless otherwise specified, objects defined in this section are ordinary objects
 [=ECMA-262 Ordinary object internal methods and internal slots=], and if the
 object is a [=function object=], [=ECMA-262 Built-in function objects=].
 
-This section may redefine certain internal methods and/or internal slots of objects. Other
-specifications may also override the definitions of any internal method and/or internal slots of a
+This section may redefine certain internal methods and internal slots of objects. Other
+specifications may also override the definitions of any internal method or internal slots of a
 [=platform object=] that is an instance of an [=interface=]. These objects with changed semantics
 shall be treated in accordance with the rules for exotic objects.
 
@@ -7200,7 +7148,7 @@ is thrown by an algorithm or abstract operation and it is not explicitly
 handled by the caller, then it is taken to end the algorithm and propagate out
 to its caller, and so on.
 
-

+

 
     

 
@@ -7250,7 +7198,7 @@ Realm, but after the [=Realm/global object=] for that Realm is created.  The \[[
 of all initial objects in a given [=Realm=] must come from
 that same [=Realm=].
 
-

+

 
     In an HTML user agent, multiple [=Realms=] can exist when
     multiple frames or windows are created.  Each frame or window will have
@@ -7346,14 +7294,14 @@ ECMAScript value type.
 

 
 
-
undefined

+
undefined

 
-

+

     An ECMAScript value |V| is [=converted to an IDL value|converted=] to an IDL {{undefined}} value by
     returning the unique {{undefined}} value, ignoring |V|.
 

 
-

+

     The unique IDL {{undefined}} value is [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converted=] to the
     ECMAScript undefined value.
 

@@ -8178,7 +8126,7 @@ ECMAScript Array values.
         1.  Set |i| to |i| + 1.
 

 
-

+

 
     The following [=interface=] defines
     an [=attribute=] of a sequence
@@ -9004,7 +8952,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     To get a copy of the bytes held by the buffer source
     given a {{BufferSource}} |bufferSource|:
 
-    1.  Let |esBufferSource| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esBufferSource| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |bufferSource| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be |esBufferSource|.
     1.  Let |offset| be 0.
@@ -9030,7 +8978,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     The byte length of a {{BufferSource}} |bufferSource| is
     the value returned by the following steps:
 
-    1.  Let |esBufferSource| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esBufferSource| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |bufferSource| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  If |esBufferSource| has a \[[ViewedArrayBuffer]] internal slot, then return
         |esBufferSource|.\[[ByteLength]].
@@ -9042,7 +8990,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     is the value returned by the following steps:
 
     1.  If |bufferSource| is an {{ArrayBuffer}}, return |bufferSource|.
-    1.  Let |esBufferSource| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esBufferSource| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |bufferSource| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  Return the result of [=converted to an IDL value|converting=]
         |esBufferSource|.\[[ViewedArrayBuffer]] to an IDL value of type {{ArrayBuffer}}.
@@ -9053,7 +9001,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     |arrayBuffer|, optionally given a |startingOffset|
     (default 0):
 
-    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |arrayBuffer| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  Assert: |bytes|'s [=byte sequence/length=] ≤ |esArrayBuffer|.\[[ArrayBufferByteLength]]
         − |startingOffset|.
@@ -9067,7 +9015,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     {{ArrayBufferView}} |view|, optionally given a
     |startingOffset| (default 0):
 
-    1.  Let |esView| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=] |view| to
+    1.  Let |esView| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=] |view| to
         an ECMAScript value.
     1.  Assert: |bytes|'s [=byte sequence/length=] ≤ |esView|.\[[ByteLength]] −
         |startingOffset|.
@@ -9096,7 +9044,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
 

     To detach an {{ArrayBuffer}} |arrayBuffer|:
 
-    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |arrayBuffer| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  Assert: [=!=] [$IsSharedArrayBuffer$](|esArrayBuffer|) is false.
     1.  Perform [=?=] [$DetachArrayBuffer$](|esArrayBuffer|).
@@ -9112,7 +9060,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     A {{BufferSource}} |bufferSource| is detached if the
     following steps return true:
 
-    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |bufferSource| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  If |esArrayBuffer| has a \[[ViewedArrayBuffer]] internal slot, then set |esArrayBuffer| to
         |esArrayBuffer|.\[[ViewedArrayBuffer]].
@@ -9123,7 +9071,7 @@ a reference to the same object that the IDL value represents.
     To transfer an {{ArrayBuffer}} |arrayBuffer|, optionally
     given a [=Realm=] |targetRealm|:
 
-    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
+    1.  Let |esArrayBuffer| be the result of [=converted to an ECMAScript value|converting=]
         |arrayBuffer| to an ECMAScript value.
     1.  Assert: [=!=] [$IsSharedArrayBuffer$](|esArrayBuffer|) is false.
     1.  Assert: [=!=] [$IsDetachedBuffer$](|esArrayBuffer|) is false.
@@ -9317,7 +9265,7 @@ types in [[#es-integer-types]]
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{Clamp}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     In the following [=IDL fragment=],
     two [=operations=] are declared that
@@ -9388,7 +9336,7 @@ An [=interface=] without the [{{CrossOriginIsolated}}] [=extended attribute=]
 must not [=interface/inherit=] from another interface
 that does specify [{{CrossOriginIsolated}}].
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface with one [=operation=] that is executable
     from all contexts, and two which are executable only from cross-origin isolated contexts.
@@ -9531,7 +9479,7 @@ types in [[#es-type-mapping]]
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{EnforceRange}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     In the following [=IDL fragment=],
     two [=operations=] are declared that
@@ -9669,7 +9617,7 @@ If the [=interface mixin member=], [=partial interface mixin=], or [=interface m
 is annotated with an [{{Exposed}}] [=extended attribute=],
 then the [=interface mixin member=]'s [=exposure set=]
 is the [=set/intersection=] of the relevant construct's [=own exposure set=]
-with the the [=host interface=]'s [=exposure set=].
+with the [=host interface=]'s [=exposure set=].
 Otherwise, it is the [=host interface=]'s [=exposure set=].
 
 

@@ -9736,7 +9684,7 @@ See
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{Exposed}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     [{{Exposed}}] is intended to be used to control whether [=interfaces=],
     [=callback interfaces=], [=namespaces=], or individual [=interface member|interface=],
@@ -9926,7 +9874,7 @@ and [[#es-constants]], [[#es-attributes]] and [[#es-operations]]
 for the requirements relating to the location of properties
 corresponding to [=interface members=].
 
-

+

 
     The Window interface exposes frames as properties on the Window
     object.  Since the Window object also serves as the
@@ -10000,11 +9948,11 @@ whose [=return type=]
 is an [=interface type=] or
 a [=promise type=].
 
-

+

 
     As an example, this extended attribute is suitable for use on
     the {{Document/createElement()}} operation on the {{Document}} interface,
-    since a new object should always be returned when
+    since a new object is always returned when
     it is called. [[DOM]]
 
     
@@ -10084,7 +10032,7 @@ See the Attributes section for how
 [{{PutForwards}}]
 is to be implemented.
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines interfaces for names and people.
     The [{{PutForwards}}] extended
@@ -10160,7 +10108,7 @@ See [[#es-attributes]]
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{Replaceable}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=]
     defines an [=interface=]
@@ -10227,7 +10175,7 @@ be used on anything other than a [=read only=]
 whose type is an [=interface type=]
 or {{object}}.
 
-

+

 
     As an example, this extended attribute is suitable for use on
     the {{Document/implementation}} attribute on the {{Document}} interface
@@ -10286,7 +10234,7 @@ that does specify [{{SecureContext}}].
 [=environment settings object/cross-origin isolated capability|cross-origin isolated=] is also a
 [=secure context=].)
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface
     with one [=operation=] that is executable from all
@@ -10443,7 +10391,7 @@ same [=interface=].
 See [[#legacy-factory-functions]] for details on how legacy factory functions
 are to be implemented.
 
-

+

 
     The following IDL defines an interface that uses the
     [{{LegacyFactoryFunction}}] extended
@@ -10508,7 +10456,7 @@ The [{{LegacyLenientSetter}}] extended attribute must not be used on an attribut
 See the Attributes section for how
 [{{LegacyLenientSetter}}] is to be implemented.
 
-

+

 
     The following IDL fragment defines an interface that uses the
     [{{LegacyLenientSetter}}] extended
@@ -10563,7 +10511,7 @@ See the Attributes section for how
 [{{LegacyLenientThis}}]
 is to be implemented.
 
-

+

 
     The following IDL fragment defines an interface that uses the
     [{{LegacyLenientThis}}] extended
@@ -10620,7 +10568,7 @@ extended attributes must not be specified on the same interface.
 
 See [[#namespace-object]] for details on how an interface is exposed on a namespace.
 
-

+

     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines a [=namespace=] and an [=interface=] which
     uses [{{LegacyNamespace}}] to be defined inside of it.
 
@@ -10664,7 +10612,7 @@ See [[#es-interfaces]]
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{LegacyNoInterfaceObject}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines two interfaces, one whose interface object
     is exposed on the ECMAScript global object, and one whose isn’t:
@@ -10717,7 +10665,7 @@ Note: This means that even DOMString? must not use [{{L
 
 See [[#es-DOMString]] for the specific requirements that the use of [{{LegacyNullToEmptyString}}] entails.
 
-

+

     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface that has one attribute whose type has the
     extended attribute, and one operation whose argument's type has the extended attribute:
 
@@ -10789,7 +10737,7 @@ and [[#legacy-platform-object-defineownproperty]]
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{LegacyOverrideBuiltIns}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=]
     defines two [=interfaces=],
@@ -10860,7 +10808,7 @@ See [[#es-nullable-type]], [[#es-callback-function]] and [[#es-invoking-callback
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{LegacyTreatNonObjectAsNull}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines an interface that has one
     attribute whose type is a [{{LegacyTreatNonObjectAsNull}}]-annotated
@@ -11004,7 +10952,7 @@ See [[#es-attributes]],
 for the specific requirements that the use of
 [{{LegacyUnforgeable}}] entails.
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=] defines
     an interface that has two [=attributes=],
@@ -11080,7 +11028,7 @@ An interface must not have more than one [{{LegacyWindowAlias}}] extended attrib
 See [[#es-interfaces]] for details on how legacy window aliases
 are to be implemented.
 
-

+

 
     The following IDL defines an interface that uses the
     [{{LegacyWindowAlias}}] extended attribute.
@@ -11407,10 +11355,11 @@ Note: The HTML Standard defines how a security check is performed. [[!HTML]]
     the distinguishing argument index has the same type as in the other
     overloads, at the same index.) Then we inspect the type of the
     ECMAScript value that is passed in at the distinguishing argument
-    index to determine which IDL type it may correspond to.
+    index to determine which IDL type it can correspond to.
     This allows us to select the final overload that will
     be invoked.  If the value passed in is undefined
-    and there is an overload with an optional argument at this position, then
+    and there is an overload with an optional argument at this
+    position, then
     we will choose that overload.  If there is no valid overload for the type of
     value passed in here, then we throw a {{ECMAScript/TypeError}}.
     Generally, the inspection of the value at the distinguishing argument index does not have any
@@ -11427,15 +11376,17 @@ Note: The HTML Standard defines how a security check is performed. [[!HTML]]
     again ignoring any additional arguments that were ignored due to being passed
     after the last possible argument.
 
-    When converting an optional argument’s ECMAScript value to its equivalent IDL value,
-    undefined will be converted into
-    the [=optional argument/default value|optional argument’s default value=],
+    When converting an optional argument’s ECMAScript value to its
+    equivalent IDL value,
+    undefined will be converted into the
+    optional argument’s default value,
     if it has one, or a special value “missing” otherwise.
 
-    Optional arguments corresponding to a final, variadic argument do not treat
-    undefined as a special “missing” value, however.
+    Optional arguments corresponding to a final, variadic argument do
+    not treat undefined as a special “missing” value, however.
     The undefined value is converted to the type
-    of variadic argument as would be done for a non-optional argument.
+    of variadic argument as would be done for a non-optional
+    argument.
 
 

 
@@ -12237,7 +12188,7 @@ A [=regular operation=] that does not [=have default method steps=] must not be
 

 
     To create an inheritance stack for [=interface=] |I|,
-    run the the following steps:
+    run the following steps:
 
     1.  Let |stack| be a new [=stack=].
     1.  [=stack/Push=] |I| onto |stack|.
@@ -13510,7 +13461,7 @@ the Realm given as an argument.
 
   Multiple [=platform objects=] with different [=Realm/global objects=] will share
   a reference to the same [=interface=] in their \[[PrimaryInterface]] internal
-  slots. For example, a page may contain a same-origin iframe, with the iframe's
+  slots. For example, a page could contain a same-origin iframe, with the iframe's
   method being called on the main page's element of the same kind, with no exception
   thrown.
 
@@ -13523,7 +13474,7 @@ the Realm given as an argument.
 
 

   The primary interface of a [=platform object=] is
-  the value of the object's \[[PrimaryInterface]] internal slot, which is is the most-derived
+  the value of the object's \[[PrimaryInterface]] internal slot, which is the most-derived
   [=interface=] that it [=implements=].
 

 
@@ -13805,7 +13756,7 @@ internal method as follows.
 
 

 
-    This should ensure that for objects with named properties, property resolution is done in the following order:
+    This ensures that for objects with named properties, property resolution is done in the following order:
 
     1.  Indexed properties.
     1.  Own properties, including unforgeable attributes and operations.
@@ -14523,7 +14474,7 @@ not caught there, to its caller, and so on.
 Per [[#conventions]], an algorithm specified in this document may intercept thrown exceptions, either by specifying
 the exact steps to take if an exception was thrown, or by explicitly handling [=abrupt completions=].
 
-

+

 
     The following [=IDL fragment=]
     defines two [=interfaces=]
@@ -14734,7 +14685,7 @@ return any value.
 Extensions to language binding requirements can be specified
 using [=extended attributes=]
 that do not conflict with those defined in this document.  Extensions for
-private, project-specific use should not be included in
+private, project-specific use ought not be included in
 [=IDL fragments=]
 appearing in other specifications.  It is recommended that extensions
 that are required for use in other specifications be coordinated
@@ -14783,8 +14734,8 @@ specification:
 
 

 
-    The IDL fragment in Appendix A of this specification must, in conjunction
-    with the IDL fragments defined in this specification's normative references,
+    The IDL fragment in Appendix A of this specification must, in
+    conjunction with the IDL fragments defined in this specification's normative references,
     be interpreted as required for conforming sets of IDL fragments, as described in the
     “Web IDL” specification. \[WEBIDL]
 
@@ -14798,7 +14749,7 @@ agents in referencing specifications be linked to the
 
     A conforming FooML user agent must also be a
     conforming implementation of the IDL fragment in Appendix A
-    of this specification, as described in the
+    of this specification, as described in the
     “Web IDL” specification. \[WEBIDL]
 
 

@@ -14818,11 +14769,11 @@ This specification makes it possible to interact with {{SharedArrayBuffer}} obje
 used to build timing attacks. Specifications that use these objects need to consider such attacks.
 
 
-
Acknowledgements

+
Acknowledgments

 
 This section is informative.
 
-The editor would like to thank the following people for contributing
+The editors would like to thank the following people for contributing
 to this specification:
 Glenn Adams,
 David Andersson,
@@ -14907,12 +14858,19 @@ Collin Xu.
 Special thanks also go to Sam Weinig for maintaining this document
 while the editor was unavailable to do so.
 
+This standard is written by Edgar Chen (Mozilla,
+echen@mozilla.com) and Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu
+(timothygu99@gmail.com) with substantial contributions from
+Boris Zbarsky (bzbarsky@mit.edu),
+Cameron McCormack (cam@mcc.id.au),
+and Tobie Langel
+(tobie@unlockopen.com).
+
 
 
IDL grammar

 
 This section defines an LL(1) grammar whose start symbol,
-Definitions, matches an
-entire [=IDL fragment=].
+Definitions, matches an entire [=IDL fragment=].
 
 Each production in the grammar has on its right hand side either a
 non-zero sequence of terminal and non-terminal symbols, or an
@@ -15052,7 +15010,7 @@ The following typographic conventions are used in this document:
     Note: This is a note.
 
 *   Non-normative examples:
-    

+    

         This is an example.
     

 *   Normative warnings:
@@ -15116,6 +15074,13 @@ The following conformance classes are defined by this specification:
     criteria in this specification that apply to implementations for the ECMAScript
     language binding.
 
+
+
This Living Standard includes material copied from W3C’s
+WebIDL [sic] Level 1, which is
+available under the
+W3C Software and Document License.
+
+