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OpenStack安装教程.md

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OpenStack安装教程
2020-06-24 08:14:32 -0700

参考:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/

准备三台机器,操作系统为 CentOS 7,hosts 如下:

192.168.112.152 test-1
192.168.112.153 test-2
192.168.112.154 test-3

yum 库

当前的最新版本为 Ussuri ,但是这个版本还是有坑的,还是用 Train 这个版本吧。

这一步在所有节点上安装。

安装 yum 库:

$ yum install centos-release-openstack-train -y
$ yum install https://rdoproject.org/repos/rdo-release.rpm -y
$ yum upgrade -y
$ yum install python-openstackclient -y #客户端安装

我这里关闭了 SELiunx,如果打开了,还需要执行:

$ yum install openstack-selinux

组件图

架构图如下,组件挺多的,每个都需要单独安装:

architecture

全部 service 地址:https://www.openstack.org/software/project-navigator/openstack-components#openstack-services

参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/klb561/p/8660264.html

从左上角开始装。

控制节点架构

控制节点包括以下服务

  • 管理支持服务
  • 基础管理服务
  • 扩展管理服务

管理支持服务包含MySQL与Qpid两个服务

  • MySQL:数据库作为基础/扩展服务产生的数据存放的地方

  • Qpid:消息代理(也称消息中间件)为其他各种服务之间提供了统一的消息通信服务

基础管理服务包含Keystone,Glance,Nova,Neutron,Horizon五个服务

  • Keystone:认证管理服务,提供了其余所有组件的认证信息/令牌的管理,创建,修改等等,使用MySQL作为统一的数据库
  • Glance:镜像管理服务,提供了对虚拟机部署的时候所能提供的镜像的管理,包含镜像的导入,格式,以及制作相应的模板
  • Nova:计算管理服务,提供了对计算节点的Nova的管理,使用Nova-API进行通信
  • Neutron:网络管理服务,提供了对网络节点的网络拓扑管理,同时提供Neutron在Horizon的管理面板
  • Horizon:控制台服务,提供了以Web的形式对所有节点的所有服务的管理,通常把该服务称为DashBoard

扩展管理服务包含Cinder,Swift,Trove,Heat,Centimeter五个服务

  • Cinder:提供管理存储节点的Cinder相关,同时提供Cinder在Horizon中的管理面板
  • Swift:提供管理存储节点的Swift相关,同时提供Swift在Horizon中的管理面板
  • Trove:提供管理数据库节点的Trove相关,同时提供Trove在Horizon中的管理面板
  • Heat:提供了基于模板来实现云环境中资源的初始化,依赖关系处理,部署等基本操作,也可以解决自动收缩,负载均衡等高级特性。
  • Centimeter:提供对物理资源以及虚拟资源的监控,并记录这些数据,对该数据进行分析,在一定条件下触发相应动作

控制节点一般来说只需要一个网络端口用于通信/管理各个节点。

网络节点架构

网络节点仅包含Neutron服务

  • Neutron:负责管理私有网段与公有网段的通信,以及管理虚拟机网络之间的通信/拓扑,管理虚拟机之上的防火等等

计算节点架构

计算节点包含Nova,Neutron,Telemeter三个服务

基础服务

  • Nova:提供虚拟机的创建,运行,迁移,快照等各种围绕虚拟机的服务,并提供API与控制节点对接,由控制节点下发任务

  • Neutron:提供计算节点与网络节点之间的通信服务

扩展服务

  • Telmeter:提供计算节点的监控代理,将虚拟机的情况反馈给控制节点,是Centimeter的代理服务

存储节点架构

存储节点包含Cinder,Swift等服务

  • Cinder:块存储服务,提供相应的块存储,简单来说,就是虚拟出一块磁盘,可以挂载到相应的虚拟机之上,不受文件系统等因素影响,对虚拟机来说,这个操作就像是新加了一块硬盘,可以完成对磁盘的任何操作,包括挂载,卸载,格式化,转换文件系统等等操作,大多应用于虚拟机空间不足的情况下的空间扩容等等

  • Swift:对象存储服务,提供相应的对象存储,简单来说,就是虚拟出一块磁盘空间,可以在这个空间当中存放文件,也仅仅只能存放文件,不能进行格式化,转换文件系统,大多应用于云磁盘/文件

架构图

参考:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/get-started-conceptual-architecture.html

OpenStack conceptual architecture

参考:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/get-started-logical-architecture.html

Logical architecture

对小白来说,巨复杂。。。

准备

一共就三台机器,每台机器都是 24 核心 CPU、32 G内存、两块 200 G 的盘。

准备三台机器上安装 Ceph、一台机器当作控制节点,一台当作计算节点。

下面先安装一些基础服务,包括数据库、消息中间件、Etcd 等,再安装 OpenStack 的一些 Service。

安装基础服务

参考:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/environment.html

下面的组件全部在 test-1 上安装和设置。

密码设置

要提前设置一些密码,后续都通过环境变量的方式提供,生成随机密码可以使用以下命令:

$ openssl rand -hex 10

/etc/profile 中设置环境变量:

export ADMIN_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export [email protected]
export CINDER_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export DASH_DBPASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export DEMO_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export [email protected]
export GLANCE_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export [email protected]
export METADATA_SECRET=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export [email protected]
export NEUTRON_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export [email protected]
export NOVA_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export PLACEMENT_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098
export RABBIT_PASS=fc05e1929b2c057a4098

使之生效:

$ source /etc/profile

安装 MySQL

安装一个单节点的 mysql,在 test-1 上安装,安装教程: MySQL最新版本安装.md

额外添加一个参数,调大最大连接数:

max_connections=300

查看最大连接数:

mysql> show variables like '%max_connections%';

查看当前连接数:

mysql> show status like 'Threads%';

Threads_connected 是当前连接数,Threads_running 是并发数。

安装 RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ 是一个由 Erlang 语言开发的 AMQP 的开源实现。是一个老牌的消息中间件。

$ yum install rabbitmq-server

启动 RabbitMQ:

$ systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
$ systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

添加用户:

$ rabbitmqctl add_user openstack $RABBIT_PASS

为 openstack 用户添加配置、读、写权限:

$ rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

安装 Memcached

memcached是一套分布式的高速缓存系統。安装:

$ yum install memcached python-memcached

修改 /etc/sysconfig/memcached 配置文件,以允许外部访问,将 OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1" 改为 :

OPTIONS=""

启动:

$ systemctl enable memcached.service
$ systemctl start memcached.service

安装 etcd

$ yum install etcd

修改配置文件 /etc/etcd/etcd.conf 如下:

ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.112.152:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.112.152:2379"
ETCD_NAME="controller"

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.112.152:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.112.152:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://192.168.112.152:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

启动:

$ systemctl enable etcd
$ systemctl start etcd

安装 OpenStack Service

最小安装参考:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/openstack-services.html#minimal-deployment-for-train

需要安装 Keystone、Glance、Placement、Nova、Neutron 和 Horizon、Cinder

安装 Keystone

在 test-1 上安装 Keystone

创建 mysql 用户及库(mysql 8.0):

mysql> CREATE DATABASE keystone;
mysql> CREATE USER keystone IDENTIFIED BY '[email protected]';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

在 test-1 上安装 keystone :

$ yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi

修改配置文件 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 如下:

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/keystone

[token]
provider = fernet

由于我设置的密码中有特殊字符,所以需要urlencode,@ 进行 urlencode 之后就是 %40 。

填充服务数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

初始化Fernet密钥存储库:

$ keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
$ keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

启动 keystone 服务:

$ keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password $ADMIN_PASS \
  --bootstrap-admin-url http://test-1:5000/v3/ \
  --bootstrap-internal-url http://test-1:5000/v3/ \
  --bootstrap-public-url http://test-1:5000/v3/ \
  --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

配置 httpd 服务器,修改 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 配置文件:

ServerName test-1

创建软连接:

$ ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

启动 httpd 服务:

$ systemctl enable httpd.service
$ systemctl start httpd.service

在 /etc/profile 中配置环境变量,在三台机器上都要配置:

export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASS
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://test-1:5000/v3

使之生效:

$ source /etc/profile

创建默认 domain:

$ openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example

创建 service 项目:

$ openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service

创建myproject project :

$ openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject

创建 myuser 用户:

$ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt myuser

需要设置密码,我这里设置的 123456

创建 myrole 权限:

$ openstack role create myrole

把 myrole 权限加入到 myproject 和 myuser 中:

$ openstack role add --project myproject --user myuser myrole

验证:

$ unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
$ openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 \
  --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
  --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

输入 admin 用户的密码。

再验证 myproject:

$ openstack --os-auth-url http://test-1:5000/v3 \
  --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
  --os-project-name myproject --os-username myuser token issue

输入密码,我这里是 123456。


创建 admin-openrc 文件:

export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASS
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://test-1:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

创建 demo-openrc 文件:

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=myproject
export OS_USERNAME=myuser
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://test-1:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

使之生效:

$ . admin-openrc

请求认证token:

$ openstack token issue

安装 Glance

Glance 是镜像服务。在 test-1 上安装 Glance。

创建 mysql 用户及库:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE glance;
mysql> CREATE USER glance IDENTIFIED BY '[email protected]';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建 glance 用户:

$ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance

密码为上面的 GLANCE_PASS ,即 fc05e1929b2c057a4098

为 glance 用户添加 admin 权限:

$ openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

创建 glance service :

$ openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image

创建 Image service API endpoints:

$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://test-1:9292
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://test-1:9292
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://test-1:9292

安装 glance 组件:

$ yum install openstack-glance

修改 /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 文件:

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/glance

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri  = http://test-1:5000
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

[glance_store]
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

初始化数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

启动 Glance 服务:

$ systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service
$ systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service

安装 Placement

在 test-1 上安装 Placement

创建 mysql 库和用户:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE placement;
mysql> CREATE USER placement IDENTIFIED BY '[email protected]';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建用户:

$ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement

密码是上面的 PLACEMENT_PASS ,即 fc05e1929b2c057a4098

添加 placement service :

$ openstack role add --project service --user placement admin

创建Placement API entry:

$ openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement

创建 Placement API service endpoints :

$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://test-1:8778
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://test-1:8778
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://test-1:8778

安装 Placement 组件:

$ yum install openstack-placement-api

修改 /etc/placement/placement.conf 文件:

[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/placement

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://test-1:5000/v3
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

初始化数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement

重启 httpd 服务:

$ systemctl restart httpd

验证:

$ placement-status upgrade check
$ pip install osc-placement
$ openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.2 resource class list --sort-column name
$ openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.6 trait list --sort-column name

这里出现一个错误,如果不解决,后续也有问题,错误:

Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0)

解决方案,在 /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf 中的 <VirtualHost *:8778> 内部加入以下代码:

  <Directory /usr/bin>
    <IfVersion >= 2.4>
      Require all granted
    </IfVersion>
    <IfVersion < 2.4>
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
    </IfVersion>
  </Directory>

重启 httpd:

$ systemctl restart httpd

再次验证:

$ openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.2 resource class list --sort-column name
$ openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.6 trait list --sort-column name

安装 Nova

需要先安装 Nova 控制节点,再安装 Nova 计算节点

安装 Nova 控制节点

在 test-1 上安装 Nova 控制节点。

创建 mysql 用户和库:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
mysql> CREATE DATABASE nova;
mysql> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
mysql> CREATE USER nova IDENTIFIED BY '[email protected]';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建 nova 用户:

$ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova

密码是 NOVA_PASS ,即 fc05e1929b2c057a4098 。

为 nova 添加 admin 权限:

$ openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

创建 nova service entity:

openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute

创建 Compute API service endpoints:

$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://test-1:8774/v2.1
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://test-1:8774/v2.1
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://test-1:8774/v2.1

安装 nova:

$ yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler

修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf 文件:

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata
block_device_allocate_retries=300
block_device_allocate_retries_interval=3


[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/nova_api

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/nova

[DEFAULT]
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:fc05e1929b2c057a4098@test-1:5672/

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://test-1:5000/
auth_url = http://test-1:5000/
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[DEFAULT]
my_ip=192.168.112.152

[DEFAULT]
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

[glance]
api_servers=http://test-1:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://test-1:5000/v3
username = placement
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

初始化数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

注册 cell0 数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

注册 cell1 数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova

填充 nove 数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

验证 cell0 和 cell1 是否被注册了:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova

启动 nova:

$ systemctl enable \
    openstack-nova-api.service \
    openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
    openstack-nova-conductor.service \
    openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
$ systemctl start \
    openstack-nova-api.service \
    openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
    openstack-nova-conductor.service \
    openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

检查更新:

$ nova-status upgrade check

安装 Nova 计算节点

在 test-2 和 test-3 上安装:

$ yum install openstack-nova-compute

修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf 文件:

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
block_device_allocate_retries=300
block_device_allocate_retries_interval=3

[DEFAULT]
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:fc05e1929b2c057a4098@test-1

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://test-1:5000/
auth_url = http://test-1:5000/
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[DEFAULT]
my_ip=192.168.112.154

[DEFAULT]
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://test-1:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]
api_servers=http://test-1:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://test-1:5000/v3
username = placement
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

执行:

$ egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

如果返回了 0 ,还需要配置:

[libvirt]
virt_type=qemu

启动 Nova 计算节点:

$ systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
$ systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

查看有哪些计算节点:

$ openstack compute service list --service nova-compute

输入密码:fc05e1929b2c057a4098

发现计算节点:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova

每次加入新节点后,都要执行 nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts 命令。


验证 Nova 安装

$ openstack catalog list
$ openstack catalog list
$ openstack image list
$ nova-status upgrade check

安装 Neutron

Neutron 提供网络服务。Neutron 也分控制节点和计算节点。

安装 Neutron 控制节点

创建 mysql 库和用户:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE neutron;
mysql> CREATE USER neutron IDENTIFIED BY '[email protected]';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建 neutron 用户:

$ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron

使用 NEUTRON_PASS 为密码,即 fc05e1929b2c057a4098。

为 neutron 用户添加 admin 权限:

$ openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin

创建 neutron service entity:

$ openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network

创建 Networking service API endpoints:

$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://test-1:9696
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://test-1:9696
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://test-1:9696

这里配置网络有两种选项,下面来部署比较简单的 选项一:

$ yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables

修改 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 文件:

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/neutron

[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins =

[DEFAULT]
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:fc05e1929b2c057a4098@test-1

[DEFAULT]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://test-1:5000
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[DEFAULT]
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[nova]
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

修改 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini 文件,添加以下内容:

[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge
extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider

[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true

修改 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 文件,添加以下内容:

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens192

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

修改 /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 文件,加入以下配置:

interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

修改 /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini 文件,加入以下内容:

[DEFAULT]
nova_metadata_host = controller
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf ,加入以下内容:

[neutron]
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

启动 Neutron:

$ ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
$ su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
  --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
$ systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
$ systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  neutron-metadata-agent.service
$ systemctl start neutron-server.service \
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  neutron-metadata-agent.service

创建网络:

$ openstack network create  --share --external \
  --provider-physical-network provider \
  --provider-network-type flat provider

创建子网:

$ openstack subnet create --network provider \
  --allocation-pool start=192.168.112.155,end=192.168.112.160 \
  --dns-nameserver 10.28.100.100 --gateway 192.168.112.1 \
  --subnet-range 192.168.112.0/24 provider

结果如下:

image-20200630175243693


安装 Neutron 计算节点

在 test-2 和 test-3 上安装 Neutron 计算节点。

$ yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset

修改 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 文件:

[DEFAULT]
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:fc05e1929b2c057a4098@test-1

[DEFAULT]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://test-1:5000
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

修改 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 文件:

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens192

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf 文件:

[neutron]
url = http://test-1:9696
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

重启计算服务:

$ systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service

启动网络计算服务:

$ systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
$ systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

验证:

$ openstack extension list --network

输入密码:fc05e1929b2c057a4098

查看网络节点列表:

$ openstack network agent list

安装 CInder

Cinder 分为 控制节点、储存节点、备份节点

安装 Cinder 控制节点

添加 mysql 库和 用户:

mysql> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
mysql> CREATE USER cinder IDENTIFIED BY '[email protected]';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建 cinder 用户:

$ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder

密码是 CINDER_PASS,即 fc05e1929b2c057a4098。

为 cinder 用户绑定 admin 权限:

$ openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin

创建 cinderv2 and cinderv3 service entities:

$ openstack service create --name cinderv2 \
  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
$ openstack service create --name cinderv3 \
  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3

创建 Block Storage service API endpoints:

$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev2 public http://test-1:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev2 internal http://test-1:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev2 admin http://test-1:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s
  
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev3 public http://test-1:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev3 internal http://test-1:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s
$ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev3 admin http://test-1:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

安装 cinder:

$ yum install openstack-cinder

修改 /etc/cinder/cinder.conf 文件:

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/cinder

[DEFAULT]
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:fc05e1929b2c057a4098@test-1:5672/
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 192.168.112.152

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://test-1:5000
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

初始化数据库:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder

配置计算节点使用块储存,在 全部节点 上修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf :

[cinder]
os_region_name = RegionOne

重启 nova-api :

$ systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

启动块储存控制节点的服务:

$ systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
$ systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

安装 Cinder 储存节点

在 test-2 中安装

$ yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data

启动 lvm:

$ systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
$ systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service

准备几块磁盘,创建pv:

$ pvcreate /dev/sdb
$ pvcreate /dev/sdc

创建 vg:

$ vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

/etc/lvm/lvm.conf 中 的 devices 块中添加:

filter = [ "a/sdb/", "a/sdc/" "r/.*/"]

安装 Cinder 储存组件:

$ yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone

修改 /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:BBDERS1%40bbdops.com@test-1/cinder

[DEFAULT]
transport_url=rabbit://openstack:fc05e1929b2c057a4098@test-1
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 192.168.112.153
enabled_backends = lvm
glance_api_servers = http://test-1:9292

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://test-1:5000
auth_url = http://test-1:5000
memcached_servers = test-1:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = fc05e1929b2c057a4098

[lvm]
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
target_protocol = iscsi
target_helper = lioadm

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

启动 Cinder 储存节点:

$ systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
$ systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

验证:

$ openstack volume service list

输入密码 fc05e1929b2c057a4098

安装 Horizon

Horizon就是 Openstack 的 Dashboard。

在 test-1 上安装:

$ yum install openstack-dashboard

修改 /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings 文件:

OPENSTACK_HOST = "test-1"
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES = {
    'default': {
         'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
         'LOCATION': 'test-1:11211',
    }
}

TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"

OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
    'enable_auto_allocated_network': False,
    'enable_distributed_router': False,
    'enable_fip_topology_check': True,
    'enable_ha_router': False,
    'enable_ipv6': True,
    # TODO(amotoki): Drop OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK completely from here.
    # enable_quotas has the different default value here.
    'enable_quotas': False,
    'enable_rbac_policy': True,
    'enable_router': True,
    'enable_lb': False,
    'enable_firewall': False,
    'enable_vpn': False,

    'default_dns_nameservers': [],
    'supported_provider_types': ['*'],
    'segmentation_id_range': {},
    'extra_provider_types': {},
    'supported_vnic_types': ['*'],
    'physical_networks': [],

}


OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
    "identity": 3,
    "image": 2,
    "volume": 3,
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"

WEBROOT = "/dashboard/"

/etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf 中添加:

WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

重启 httpd 和 缓存服务:

$ systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

测试访问:http://test-1/dashboard

域填写 default,用户名为 admin,密码为 fc05e1929b2c057a4098

在界面上创建一个镜像,镜像需要特殊定制的。然后查看镜像列表:

$ glance image-list

然后在 管理员 -> 实例类型中创建一个实例类型。

最后在 项目 -> 计算 -> 实例中创建实例。

我这里可以创建完成!

错误

错误1

在创建实例时,报错说卷创建错误:

Volume 0e4150db-567 f-4ae0-a947-8fc7a0d624f0 did not finish being created even after we waited 150 seconds or 61 attempts. And its status is downloading.

解决方法:在 nova 的控制和计算节点的 /etc/nova/nova.conf 中添加以下配置:

block_device_allocate_retries=300
block_device_allocate_retries_interval=3

然后重启 Nova 相关的服务,在控制节点:

$ systemctl restart \
      openstack-nova-api.service \
      openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
      openstack-nova-conductor.service \
      openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

在计算节点:

$ systemctl restart libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

总结

跟着官方的教程走,可以手动安装一个集群,中间会有一两个小错误,在网上都可以找到解决方案。