How Predictable Are Large Language Model Capabilities? A Case Study on BIG-bench

This repository contains code for our paper "How Predictable Are Large Language Model Capabilities? A Case Study on BIG-bench" (EMNLP Findings 2023). [Paper] [Video] [Slides] [Poster] [Tweet]

Quick Links

• Environment
• Data
• Training Performance Prediction Models
• Searching for "small-bench"
• Contact Us

Environment

conda create --name pbb python=3.9
conda activate pbb
conda install cudatoolkit=11.3 -c anaconda
conda install pytorch==1.12.1 torchvision==0.13.1 torchaudio==0.12.1 -c pytorch
pip install -r requirements.txt

Data

Pre-processing (Optional)

We've included the pre-processed BIG-bench experiment records in data/bigbench/. If you need to rerun the pre-processing by yourself, please use the script below. The whole process will take ~2hrs.

# clone BIG-bench in a separate folder
cd ..
git clone https://github.com/google/BIG-bench.git
# come back to explogs directory and run the script
cd predicting-big-bench/data_prep
# gather experiment logs from BIG-Bench directory
python big_bench.py
# filter the logs to formulat the dataset
python filter_big_bench.py

Create different train-test splits

In the paper we defined 5 different ways to create train-test splits, named as L1/L2.1/L2.2/L3/L4. To create them, go to data/bigbench/<split_name> and run the prep.py within the folder.

Training Performance Prediction Models

code/scripts/train.sh contains an example script to reproduce experiments in Sec. 3-4 of the paper.

• The script will first automatically tune hyperparameters on the train_file and dev_file.
• Then it will run the best set of hyperparameters on all folds in the ../data/bigbench/${setting}/ directory.
• The mean and std over all folds will be printed out at the end of the program.
• The predictions will be saved where the data files are. For example, the test set predictions from a MLP model will be saved to test_mlp_pred.csv.

setting="l1" # select from "l1", "l2_1", "l2_2", "l3", "l4"
model_arch="mlp" # select from "bsl_model_task", "svd", "task_task_knn", "model_model_knn","random_forest", "xgb", "mlp"
n_trials=200 # random hyperparameter combinations to try

python cli.py \
--train_file ../data/bigbench/${setting}/0/train.csv \
--dev_file ../data/bigbench/${setting}/0/dev.csv \
--test_file ../data/bigbench/${setting}/0/test.csv \
--data_dir ../data/bigbench/${setting}/ \
--mode tunehp_then_multi_run \
--model_arch ${model_arch} \
--output_dir output/${setting}/${model_arch} \
--preferred \
--save_predictions \
--n_trials ${n_trials}

Searching for "small-bench"

Step 1: Search

• code/scripts/search_random5000.sh contains the script to reproduce "Best of 5000" described in the paper.
• code/scripts/search_greedy.sh contains the script to reproduce greedy search described in the paper.
• The code supports more search methods such as beam search, simulated annealing, etc. You can specify this in --search_mode. Also please make sure to check cli.py for args specific to a method.

Step 2: Post-process

• We include the post-processing scripts in data/smallbench. They are named as prep.py
• The post-processing results are saved to a csv file. We have included search results of Best of 5000, Greedy Search, K-means, K-means + Task Value in data/smallbench.
• For example, data/smallbench/random5000/random5000.csv is the search results for the "Best of 5000" method.

Step 3: Eval

• code/scripts/search_eval_bbhard_and_bblite.sh contains the scripts to evaluate the predictions when BIG-bench Hard / Lite are used as the "small-bench" to recover performance on remaining tasks.
• code/scripts/search_eval_greedy.sh contains the scripts to evaluate the search results of greedy search. By changing the --selected_tasks args you can evaluate search results of other methods by pointing to the corresponding csv file.
• Evaluation results can be found in the --output_dir that is specified in the script. The file that ends with _summary.csv contains the mean and std of 30-fold cross validation.

Contact Us

If you have any question, please submit an issue, or reach out to Qinyuan ([email protected]).

If you used our code in your study, or find our paper useful, please cite us with the bibkey ye-etal-2023-predictable in the official ACL Anthology, or use the following BibTeX:

BibTeX

@inproceedings{ye-etal-2023-predictable,
    title = "How Predictable Are Large Language Model Capabilities? A Case Study on {BIG}-bench",
    author = "Ye, Qinyuan  and
      Fu, Harvey  and
      Ren, Xiang  and
      Jia, Robin",
    editor = "Bouamor, Houda  and
      Pino, Juan  and
      Bali, Kalika",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023",
    month = dec,
    year = "2023",
    address = "Singapore",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.503",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.503",
    pages = "7493--7517",
}