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Fervo Project Cape updates #299

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8f15ea5
WIP - initial Project Cape updates
softwareengineerprogrammer Oct 3, 2024
216831a
Rename as Fervo_Project_Cape-{2|3}, clean up description/citation. Ad…
softwareengineerprogrammer Oct 4, 2024
c2523c1
Parameter ordering/organization
softwareengineerprogrammer Oct 4, 2024
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198 changes: 198 additions & 0 deletions tests/examples/Fervo_Project_Cape-2.out
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*****************
***CASE REPORT***
*****************

Simulation Metadata
----------------------
GEOPHIRES Version: 3.6.0
Simulation Date: 2024-10-04
Simulation Time: 13:05
Calculation Time: 0.653 sec

***SUMMARY OF RESULTS***

End-Use Option: Electricity
Average Net Electricity Production: 8.90 MW
Electricity breakeven price: 10.19 cents/kWh
Number of production wells: 1
Number of injection wells: 2
Flowrate per production well: 93.0 kg/sec
Well depth (or total length, if not vertical): 2.6 kilometer
Geothermal gradient: 74 degC/km


***ECONOMIC PARAMETERS***

Economic Model = BICYCLE
Accrued financing during construction: 5.00
Project lifetime: 15 yr
Capacity factor: 90.0 %
Project NPV: 46.67 MUSD
Project IRR: 17.54 %
Project VIR=PI=PIR: 1.92
Project MOIC: 1.40
Project Payback Period: 6.50 yr
Estimated Jobs Created: 19

***ENGINEERING PARAMETERS***

Number of Production Wells: 1
Number of Injection Wells: 2
Well depth (or total length, if not vertical): 2.6 kilometer
Water loss rate: 2.0
Pump efficiency: 80.0
Injection temperature: 56.7 degC
Production Wellbore heat transmission calculated with Ramey's model
Average production well temperature drop: 2.3 degC
Flowrate per production well: 93.0 kg/sec
Injection well casing ID: 7.000 in
Production well casing ID: 7.000 in
Number of times redrilling: 0
Power plant type: Supercritical ORC


***RESOURCE CHARACTERISTICS***

Maximum reservoir temperature: 500.0 degC
Number of segments: 1
Geothermal gradient: 74 degC/km


***RESERVOIR PARAMETERS***

Reservoir Model = Multiple Parallel Fractures Model
Bottom-hole temperature: 201.72 degC
Fracture model = Rectangular
Well separation: fracture height: 300.00 meter
Fracture width: 400.00 meter
Fracture area: 120000.00 m**2
Reservoir volume calculated with fracture separation and number of fractures as input
Number of fractures: 108.00
Fracture separation: 30.00 meter
Reservoir volume: 385200000 m**3
Reservoir impedance: 0.01 GPa.s/m**3
Reservoir density: 2800.00 kg/m**3
Reservoir thermal conductivity: 3.05 W/m/K
Reservoir heat capacity: 790.00 J/kg/K


***RESERVOIR SIMULATION RESULTS***

Maximum Production Temperature: 199.7 degC
Average Production Temperature: 199.5 degC
Minimum Production Temperature: 198.2 degC
Initial Production Temperature: 198.2 degC
Average Reservoir Heat Extraction: 55.61 MW
Production Wellbore Heat Transmission Model = Ramey Model
Average Production Well Temperature Drop: 2.3 degC
Total Average Pressure Drop: 607.6 kPa
Average Injection Well Pressure Drop: 475.8 kPa
Average Reservoir Pressure Drop: 976.6 kPa
Average Production Well Pressure Drop: 2003.0 kPa
Average Buoyancy Pressure Drop: -2847.8 kPa


***CAPITAL COSTS (M$)***

Drilling and completion costs: 14.40 MUSD
Drilling and completion costs per well: 4.80 MUSD
Stimulation costs: 10.00 MUSD
Surface power plant costs: 24.69 MUSD
Field gathering system costs: 1.68 MUSD
Total surface equipment costs: 26.37 MUSD
Exploration costs: 0.00 MUSD
Total capital costs: 50.77 MUSD


***OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE COSTS (M$/yr)***

Wellfield maintenance costs: 0.43 MUSD/yr
Power plant maintenance costs: 1.19 MUSD/yr
Water costs: 0.05 MUSD/yr
Total operating and maintenance costs: 1.67 MUSD/yr


***SURFACE EQUIPMENT SIMULATION RESULTS***

Initial geofluid availability: 0.19 MW/(kg/s)
Maximum Total Electricity Generation: 9.06 MW
Average Total Electricity Generation: 9.04 MW
Minimum Total Electricity Generation: 8.90 MW
Initial Total Electricity Generation: 8.90 MW
Maximum Net Electricity Generation: 8.92 MW
Average Net Electricity Generation: 8.90 MW
Minimum Net Electricity Generation: 8.75 MW
Initial Net Electricity Generation: 8.75 MW
Average Annual Total Electricity Generation: 70.80 GWh
Average Annual Net Electricity Generation: 69.67 GWh
Initial pumping power/net installed power: 1.68 %
Average Pumping Power: 0.15 MW

************************************************************
* HEATING, COOLING AND/OR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION PROFILE *
************************************************************
YEAR THERMAL GEOFLUID PUMP NET FIRST LAW
DRAWDOWN TEMPERATURE POWER POWER EFFICIENCY
(degC) (MW) (MW) (%)
1 1.0000 198.18 0.1471 8.7519 15.8800
2 1.0045 199.07 0.1458 8.8514 15.9610
3 1.0054 199.25 0.1455 8.8723 15.9780
4 1.0059 199.35 0.1454 8.8833 15.9868
5 1.0062 199.41 0.1453 8.8906 15.9927
6 1.0064 199.46 0.1452 8.8959 15.9970
7 1.0066 199.50 0.1451 8.9002 16.0004
8 1.0068 199.53 0.1451 8.9036 16.0032
9 1.0069 199.56 0.1450 8.9066 16.0056
10 1.0070 199.58 0.1450 8.9091 16.0076
11 1.0071 199.60 0.1450 8.9113 16.0094
12 1.0072 199.62 0.1450 8.9133 16.0110
13 1.0073 199.63 0.1449 8.9150 16.0124
14 1.0074 199.65 0.1449 8.9166 16.0137
15 1.0074 199.66 0.1449 8.9181 16.0149


*******************************************************************
* ANNUAL HEATING, COOLING AND/OR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION PROFILE *
*******************************************************************
YEAR ELECTRICITY HEAT RESERVOIR PERCENTAGE OF
PROVIDED EXTRACTED HEAT CONTENT TOTAL HEAT MINED
(GWh/year) (GWh/year) (10^15 J) (%)
1 69.5 436.2 116.63 1.33
2 69.9 437.5 115.05 2.66
3 70.0 437.9 113.48 4.00
4 70.1 438.2 111.90 5.33
5 70.1 438.4 110.32 6.66
6 70.2 438.5 108.74 8.00
7 70.2 438.6 107.16 9.34
8 70.2 438.7 105.58 10.67
9 70.2 438.8 104.00 12.01
10 70.2 438.8 102.42 13.35
11 70.3 438.9 100.84 14.68
12 70.3 438.9 99.26 16.02
13 70.3 439.0 97.68 17.36
14 70.3 439.0 96.10 18.69
15 63.3 395.1 94.68 19.90


********************************
* REVENUE & CASHFLOW PROFILE *
********************************
Year Electricity | Heat | Cooling | Carbon | Project
Since Price Ann. Rev. Cumm. Rev. | Price Ann. Rev. Cumm. Rev. | Price Ann. Rev. Cumm. Rev. | Price Ann. Rev. Cumm. Rev. | OPEX Net Rev. Net Cashflow
Start (cents/kWh)(MUSD/yr) (MUSD) |(cents/kWh) (MUSD/yr) (MUSD) |(cents/kWh) (MUSD/yr) (MUSD) |(USD/tonne) (MUSD/yr) (MUSD) |(MUSD/yr) (MUSD/yr) (MUSD)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 0.00 -50.77 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 -50.77 -50.77
2 15.00 8.75 10.43 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 8.75 -42.02
3 15.00 8.81 20.91 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 8.81 -33.21
4 15.41 9.11 31.69 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 9.11 -24.10
5 15.81 9.40 42.77 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 9.40 -14.70
6 16.22 9.70 54.14 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 9.70 -5.00
7 16.62 9.99 65.80 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 9.99 4.98
8 17.03 10.28 77.75 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 10.28 15.26
9 17.43 10.56 89.99 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 10.56 25.83
10 17.84 10.85 102.51 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 10.85 36.68
11 18.24 11.14 115.33 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 11.14 47.82
12 18.65 11.43 128.43 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 11.43 59.25
13 19.05 11.72 141.82 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 11.72 70.97
14 19.46 12.00 155.50 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 12.00 82.97
15 19.86 12.29 169.47 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 2.50 0.00 0.00 | 0.00 0.00 0.00 | 1.67 12.29 95.26
72 changes: 72 additions & 0 deletions tests/examples/Fervo_Project_Cape-2.txt
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# Case Study: Fervo Project Cape 2: Matches/approximates Fervo results pre-published 2024-09-10 at
# https://eartharxiv.org/repository/view/7665/ (citation below) using available data from paper and other sources.
# Norbeck J., Gradl C., and Latimer T. 2024.
# Deployment of Enhanced Geothermal System technology leads to rapid cost reductions and performance improvements."
# https://doi.org/10.31223/X5VH8C

Reservoir Model, 1
Reservoir Volume Option, 1
Reservoir Density, 2800
Reservoir Depth, 8500 feet, -- https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/db/GeoConf/papers/SGW/2024/Fercho.pdf
Reservoir Heat Capacity, 790
Reservoir Thermal Conductivity, 3.05
Reservoir Porosity, 0.0118
Reservoir Impedance, 0.01

Number of Fractures, 108
Fracture Shape, 4
Fracture Height, 300
Fracture Width, 400
Fracture Separation, 30

Number of Segments, 1
Gradient 1, 74, -- temperature at 8500 ft: 200 degC (https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/db/GeoConf/papers/SGW/2024/Fercho.pdf); 228.89 degC @ 9824 ft (https://doi.org/10.31223/X5VH8C)

Number of Injection Wells, 2
Number of Production Wells, 1
Production Flow Rate per Well, 93
Production Well Diameter, 7
Injection Well Diameter, 7
Well Separation, 365 feet
Injection Temperature, 60 degC
Injection Wellbore Temperature Gain, 3
Plant Outlet Pressure, 1000 psi
Production Wellhead Pressure, 325 psi
Ramey Production Wellbore Model, 1
Utilization Factor, .9
Water Loss Fraction, 0.02
Maximum Drawdown, 1
Ambient Temperature, 10 degC
Surface Temperature, 10 degC
End-Use Option, 1
Plant Lifetime, 15
Power Plant Type, 2
Circulation Pump Efficiency, 0.80

Exploration Capital Cost, 0
Well Drilling and Completion Capital Cost, 4.8, -- https://houston.innovationmap.com/fervo-energy-drilling-utah-project-2667300142.html
Reservoir Stimulation Capital Cost, 10
Economic Model, 3
Starting Electricity Sale Price, 0.15
Ending Electricity Sale Price, 1.00
Electricity Escalation Rate Per Year, 0.004053223
Electricity Escalation Start Year, 1
Fraction of Investment in Bonds, .5
Combined Income Tax Rate, .3
Gross Revenue Tax Rate, 0
Inflated Bond Interest Rate, .05
Inflated Equity Interest Rate, .08
Inflation Rate, .02
Investment Tax Credit Rate, 0
Inflation Rate During Construction, 0.05
Property Tax Rate, 0
Time steps per year, 10
Maximum Temperature, 500
Surface Plant Capital Cost Adjustment Factor, 0.78, -- pad drilling reduces surface CAPEX by 22% https://www.resfrac.com/blog/digesting-the-bonkers-incredible-off-the-charts-spectacular-results-from-the-fervo-and-forge-enhanced-geothermal-projects


Well Geometry Configuration, 4
Has Nonvertical Section, True
Multilaterals Cased, True
Number of Multilateral Sections, 3
Nonvertical Length per Multilateral Section, 4700 feet
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