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.. people:: Swan | ||
S | ||
司文 | ||
妹妹 | ||
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是 :artwork:`有星星和微风的夜晚` 的预言之子。 | ||
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================================== | ||
将域名从 GoDaddy 转移至 Cloudflare | ||
================================== | ||
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.. post:: 2025-01-28 | ||
:language: zh_CN | ||
:tags: 运维 | ||
:author: LA | ||
:location: 汕头 | ||
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大家都知道的基础知识 | ||
==================== | ||
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DNS 协议能将一个域名解析为主机的 IP 地址,从而访问对应的主机,在移动互联网时代,流量的入口是各类 APP 而非浏览器,域名的意义早已不那么重大。不过对于希望保持数据独立性的内容生产者来说,持有一个域名还是有必要的。 | ||
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域名有点像手机号码,表面上用户可以在域名注册商(Domain Name Registrar)处「购买」域名,但实际上所有的域名都归非营利机构 *互联网名称与数字地址分配机构(ICNNA)* 所有,域名注册商只是租赁代理,用户也只是租客。因此,对于同一个域名,用户既可以在注册商 A 处购买,也可以在注册商 B 处购买,在 ICNNA 的管理下,注册商能够保证租给你的域名是唯一的。 | ||
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中心化的 ICNNA 保证了域名可以被唯一地分配,而分布式的 DNS 协议则保证了,无论域名由哪个注册商管理,都能在全球范围内被正确地解析和访问。 | ||
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此外,已租用域名的用户,也可以选择将租赁协议从一家注册商转移到另一家(类似携号转网),本文就描述了一次域名转移的过程。 | ||
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老用户不如狗 | ||
============ | ||
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转移域名的原因常常是因为 *注册商提价*。不同注册商对统一域名的定价不同,且因为域名的转移/迁移成本较高,注册商会倾向于逐年提高域名的续费价格。但根据上面的基础知识可知,用户可以选择将域名转移到另一注册商,转移费用等同于域名一年的租金。 | ||
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2017 年我在狗爹(godaddy.com)购入了域名 ``silverrainz.me``,前几年价格大概在 100 CNY/yr 出头,也就一直续费着,23 涨到了 199,我开始考虑将域名转移到其他提供商。由于域名临近到期时不允许转出,也不想刚续费就马上转出浪费钱,就把事情推到了 24 年底,GoDaddy 又变本加厉地加价到了 219: | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-22_154813.png | ||
:width: 40% | ||
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货比三家 | ||
======== | ||
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在转移之前首先要确定哪里的注册商比较便宜且靠谱,`哪煮米 <https://www.nazhumi.com/domain/me/transfer/1>`_ 提供了域名比价的功能,可以看到我的 ``.me`` 域名在 90~100 CNY 的区间就能买到,GoDaddy 属实是欺负人了。前两个注册商我都不太熟,排第三的是大名鼎鼎的云厂商 Cloudflare: | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-27_222614.png | ||
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CF 有个缺点是其托管的域名没法使用第三方的 nameserver,不过 CF 作为(也许是全世界最好的)nameserver 服务提供商,大概也不会有什么问题。:ghuser:`pandada8` 也说 CF 的免费解析服务在国内可访问性也还行,于是简单了解了下情况后就决定选 Cloudflare 了。 | ||
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.. seealso:: 「哪煮米」诙谐的网站介绍 | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-23_230213.png | ||
:width: 80% | ||
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域名转移流程 | ||
============ | ||
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将原有注册商称为 A,常规的转移流程是,确定需要转入的新注册商 B,在 A 处申请域名转出,获得一个 *转移密码*,在 B 处申请域名转入,填入转移密码,然后等待 A 同意转出,这个过程大概需要 5 天左右。 | ||
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直观地想,当域名转出的时候,域名在 A 处的设置会全部失效,例如 nameserver 设置和 DNS 设置,而 B 处会让新的域名使用自家的 nameserver,DNS 设置则还是一片空白,网站会陷入一段时间的不可用状态。因此合理的转移方式应该是,*先在 A 处设置域名使用第三方的 nameserver,当然就是说「使用 B 的 nameserver」,再在 B 处导入该域名的所有 DNS 设置*,如此一来,可以在域名转移前就将所有的解析工作交给 B,让域名在转移前后都正常工作。 | ||
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小小坑点 | ||
======== | ||
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我分别查阅了 `GoDaddy 的转出指南 <https://www.godaddy.com/zh-sg/help/transfer-my-domain-away-from-godaddy-3560>`_ 和 `Cloudflare 的转入指南 <https://blog.cloudflare.com/zh-cn/a-step-by-step-guide-to-transferring-domains-to-cloudflare>`_,基本上按文档操作的来,就没啥问题了。 | ||
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唯一卡住我的地方是文档说,在「域名组合」页面(点开来的标题是「域名总览」)如此操作即可转移域名: | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-27_231235.png | ||
:width: 80% | ||
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但无论在 `Portfolio 页面中,选中域名时的弹出菜单项 <https://dcc.godaddy.com/control/portfolio>`_ 里,还是在 `转移页面 <https://dcc.godaddy.com/control/transfers>`_ 里,都不存在文档里提及的「转移至另一注册商/Transfer to Another Registrar」的选项。 | ||
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.. grid:: | ||
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.. grid-item:: | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-27_233454.png | ||
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Portfolio 页面,选中域名时的弹出菜单项 | ||
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.. grid-item:: | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-27_233644.png | ||
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转移页面 | ||
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但实际上文档也没写错,在 Portfolio 点击域名的超链接,进入域名详情,就有对应的转移选项了: | ||
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.. figure:: /_images/2025-01-27_233908.png | ||
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大家新年快乐,:people:`妹妹 <Swan>` 生日快乐~ |