feat(ci): Add feature propagation checks #1324

Job	Run time
docs	26s
cfg-check	22s
doctest	38s
clippy	33s
examples	11s
feature-checks	1m 26s
feature-powerset	2m 11s
fmt	15s
no-std	40s
wasm-unknown	49s
test stable --no-default-features	55s
wasm-wasi	33s
test stable	1m 1s
test stable --all-features	1m 17s
test nightly --no-default-features	49s
test nightly	45s
test nightly --all-features	1m 8s
test 1.81 --no-default-features	55s
test 1.81	1m 0s
	15m 54s

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