fix: enable err-error and errorf rules from perfsprint linter

.golangci.yaml

@@ -80,6 +80,17 @@ linters-settings:
       - licence
       - optimise
       - simmilar
+  perfsprint:
+    # Optimizes even if it requires an int or uint type cast.
+    int-conversion: false
+    # Optimizes into `err.Error()` even if it is only equivalent for non-nil errors.
+    err-error: true
+    # Optimizes `fmt.Errorf`.
+    errorf: true
+    # Optimizes `fmt.Sprintf` with only one argument.
+    sprintf1: false
+    # Optimizes into strings concatenation.
+    strconcat: false
   revive:
     ignore-generated-header: true
   testifylint:
@@ -99,6 +110,7 @@ linters:
     - govet
     - ineffassign
     - misspell
+    - perfsprint
     - revive
     - tenv
     - testifylint
@@ -139,5 +151,8 @@ issues:
       linters:
         - gocritic
       text: "importShadow:"
+    - linters:
+        - perfsprint
+      text: "fmt.Sprint"
   exclude-use-default: false
   max-same-issues: 0

examples/module/spring4shell/spring4shell.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ func (Spring4Shell) parseTomcatReleaseNotes(f *os.File, filePath string) (*seria
 
 	m := tomcatVersionRegex.FindStringSubmatch(string(b))
 	if len(m) != 2 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown tomcat release notes format")
+		return nil, errors.New("unknown tomcat release notes format")
 	}
 
 	return &serialize.AnalysisResult{

magefiles/schema.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ package main
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 	"log"
 	"os"
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func VerifySchema() error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if !bytes.Equal(data, existing) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("schema is out of date:\n\nplease run 'mage schema:generate' and commit the changes\n")
+		return errors.New("schema is out of date:\n\nplease run 'mage schema:generate' and commit the changes\n")
 	}
 	return nil
 }

pkg/flag/kubernetes_flags.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package flag
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -192,10 +193,10 @@ func (f *K8sFlagGroup) ToOptions() (K8sOptions, error) {
 		exludeNodeLabels[excludeNodeParts[0]] = excludeNodeParts[1]
 	}
 	if len(f.ExcludeNamespaces.Value()) > 0 && len(f.IncludeNamespaces.Value()) > 0 {
-		return K8sOptions{}, fmt.Errorf("include-namespaces and exclude-namespaces flags cannot be used together")
+		return K8sOptions{}, errors.New("include-namespaces and exclude-namespaces flags cannot be used together")
 	}
 	if len(f.ExcludeKinds.Value()) > 0 && len(f.IncludeKinds.Value()) > 0 {
-		return K8sOptions{}, fmt.Errorf("include-kinds and exclude-kinds flags cannot be used together")
+		return K8sOptions{}, errors.New("include-kinds and exclude-kinds flags cannot be used together")
 	}
 
 	return K8sOptions{
@@ -222,12 +223,12 @@ func optionToTolerations(tolerationsOptions []string) ([]corev1.Toleration, erro
 	for _, toleration := range tolerationsOptions {
 		tolerationParts := strings.Split(toleration, ":")
 		if len(tolerationParts) < 2 {
-			return []corev1.Toleration{}, fmt.Errorf("toleration must include key and effect")
+			return []corev1.Toleration{}, errors.New("toleration must include key and effect")
 		}
 		if corev1.TaintEffect(tolerationParts[1]) != corev1.TaintEffectNoSchedule &&
 			corev1.TaintEffect(tolerationParts[1]) != corev1.TaintEffectPreferNoSchedule &&
 			corev1.TaintEffect(tolerationParts[1]) != corev1.TaintEffectNoExecute {
-			return []corev1.Toleration{}, fmt.Errorf("toleration effect must be a valid value")
+			return []corev1.Toleration{}, errors.New("toleration effect must be a valid value")
 		}
 		keyValue := strings.Split(tolerationParts[0], "=")
 		operator := corev1.TolerationOpEqual
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ func optionToTolerations(tolerationsOptions []string) ([]corev1.Toleration, erro
 		if len(tolerationParts) == 3 {
 			tolerationSec, err = strconv.Atoi(tolerationParts[2])
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("TolerationSeconds must must be a number")
+				return nil, errors.New("TolerationSeconds must must be a number")
 			}
 			toleration.TolerationSeconds = lo.ToPtr(int64(tolerationSec))
 		}

pkg/iac/adapters/cloudformation/aws/ecr/repository.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package ecr
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/liamg/iamgo"
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func getRepositories(ctx parser.FileContext) (repositories []ecr.Repository) {
 func getPolicy(r *parser.Resource) (*iam.Policy, error) {
 	policyProp := r.GetProperty("RepositoryPolicyText")
 	if policyProp.IsNil() {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing policy")
+		return nil, errors.New("missing policy")
 	}
 
 	parsed, err := iamgo.Parse(policyProp.GetJsonBytes())

pkg/iac/adapters/cloudformation/aws/sqs/queue.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package sqs
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/liamg/iamgo"
 
@@ -59,5 +59,5 @@ func getPolicy(id string, ctx parser.FileContext) (*iam.Policy, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("no matching policy found")
+	return nil, errors.New("no matching policy found")
 }

pkg/iac/rego/metadata.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package rego
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -330,15 +331,15 @@ func (m *MetadataRetriever) RetrieveMetadata(ctx context.Context, module *ast.Mo
 	}
 
 	if len(set) != 1 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse metadata: unexpected set length")
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse metadata: unexpected set length")
 	}
 	if len(set[0].Expressions) != 1 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse metadata: unexpected expression length")
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse metadata: unexpected expression length")
 	}
 	expression := set[0].Expressions[0]
 	meta, ok := expression.Value.(map[string]any)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse metadata: not an object")
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse metadata: not an object")
 	}
 
 	if err := metadata.update(meta); err != nil {

pkg/iac/rego/schemas/builder.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package schemas
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ func (b *builder) fromInput(inputValue reflect.Value) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	if prop == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("property is nil")
+		return errors.New("property is nil")
 	}
 	b.schema.Properties = prop.Properties
 	b.schema.Type = prop.Type

pkg/iac/scan/code.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package scan
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io/fs"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ func (r *Result) GetCode(opts ...CodeOption) (*Code, error) {
 
 	fsys := r.Metadata().Range().GetFS()
 	if fsys == nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("code unavailable: result was not mapped to a known filesystem")
+		return nil, errors.New("code unavailable: result was not mapped to a known filesystem")
 	}
 
 	innerRange := r.metadata.Range()

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/arm/parser/armjson/decode.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package armjson
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ func (n *node) decodeToValue(v reflect.Value) error {
 	}
 
 	if !v.CanSet() {
-		return fmt.Errorf("target is not settable")
+		return errors.New("target is not settable")
 	}
 
 	switch n.kind {
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ func (n *node) decodeToValue(v reflect.Value) error {
 	case KindComment:
 		return n.decodeString(v)
 	case KindUnknown:
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot decode unknown kind")
+		return errors.New("cannot decode unknown kind")
 	default:
 		return fmt.Errorf("decoding of kind 0x%x is not supported", n.kind)
 	}

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/arm/parser/armjson/decode_array.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package armjson
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 	"reflect"
 )
 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func (n *node) decodeArray(v reflect.Value) error {
 	switch v.Kind() {
 	case reflect.Array:
 		if v.Len() != length {
-			return fmt.Errorf("invalid length")
+			return errors.New("invalid length")
 		}
 	case reflect.Slice:
 		v.Set(reflect.MakeSlice(v.Type(), length, length))
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (n *node) decodeArray(v reflect.Value) error {
 		v = reflect.New(slice.Type()).Elem()
 		v.Set(slice)
 	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid target type")
+		return errors.New("invalid target type")
 	}
 
 	elementType := v.Type().Elem()

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/arm/parser/armjson/decode_number.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package armjson
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 )
@@ -42,5 +43,5 @@ func (n *node) decodeNumber(v reflect.Value) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot decode number value to %s target", v.Kind())
 	}
 
-	return fmt.Errorf("internal value is not numeric")
+	return errors.New("internal value is not numeric")
 }

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/arm/parser/armjson/decode_object.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package armjson
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -54,19 +55,19 @@ func (n *node) decodeObjectToMap(v reflect.Value) error {
 
 func (n *node) objectAsMap() (map[string]Node, error) {
 	if n.kind != KindObject {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("not an object")
+		return nil, errors.New("not an object")
 	}
 	properties := make(map[string]Node)
 	contents := n.content
 	for i := 0; i < len(contents); i += 2 {
 		key := contents[i]
 		if key.Kind() != KindString {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid object key - please report this bug")
+			return nil, errors.New("invalid object key - please report this bug")
 		}
 		keyStr := key.(*node).raw.(string)
 
 		if i+1 >= len(contents) {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing object value - please report this bug")
+			return nil, errors.New("missing object value - please report this bug")
 		}
 		properties[keyStr] = contents[i+1]
 	}

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/arm/parser/armjson/parse_boolean.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package armjson
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/iac/types"
 )
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func (p *parser) parseBoolean(parentMetadata *types.Metadata) (Node, error) {
 	if r == 't' {
 		for _, expected := range trueRunes {
 			if !p.swallowIfEqual(expected) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected character in boolean value")
+				return nil, errors.New("unexpected character in boolean value")
 			}
 		}
 		n.raw = true
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (p *parser) parseBoolean(parentMetadata *types.Metadata) (Node, error) {
 
 	for _, expected := range falseRunes {
 		if !p.swallowIfEqual(expected) {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected character in boolean value")
+			return nil, errors.New("unexpected character in boolean value")
 		}
 	}
 	n.raw = false

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/arm/parser/armjson/parse_null.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package armjson
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/pkg/iac/types"
 )
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func (p *parser) parseNull(parentMetadata *types.Metadata) (Node, error) {
 
 	for _, expected := range nullRunes {
 		if !p.swallowIfEqual(expected) {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected character")
+			return nil, errors.New("unexpected character")
 		}
 	}
 	n.raw = nil

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/expressions/lex.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package expressions
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ func (l *lexer) lexString(terminator rune) (Token, error) {
 func (l *lexer) readEscapedChar() (rune, error) {
 	r, err := l.read()
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unexpected EOF")
+		return 0, errors.New("unexpected EOF")
 	}
 	switch r {
 	case 'n':

pkg/iac/scanners/azure/functions/date_time_add.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package functions
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ func parseISO8601(from string) (Iso8601Duration, error) {
 	if pattern.MatchString(from) {
 		match = pattern.FindStringSubmatch(from)
 	} else {
-		return d, fmt.Errorf("could not parse duration string")
+		return d, errors.New("could not parse duration string")
 	}
 
 	for i, name := range pattern.SubexpNames() {