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static/delvingbitcoin/Sept_2024/3195_Proving-UTXO-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge.xml
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> | ||
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>Proving UTXO set inclusion in zero-knowledge</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:04.533812+00:00</updated> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>halseth 2024-09-16 13:01:59.427000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<generator uri="https://lkiesow.github.io/python-feedgen" version="0.9.0">python-feedgen</generator> | ||
<entry> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>Proving UTXO set inclusion in zero-knowledge</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:04.533848+00:00</updated> | ||
<link href="https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/proving-utxo-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge/1142" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<summary>The `utxozkp` tool represents a significant step forward in enhancing privacy for Lightning Network (LN) channel announcements by enabling the proof of UTXO set inclusion in zero knowledge. This innovation allows one to affirm the existence of an LN channel on the blockchain without disclosing the specific UTXO involved. Its applications extend beyond this primary use case, potentially serving as an anti-DOS mechanism in various scenarios where proving the inclusion of a UTXO set is beneficial. However, it's important to note that the current iteration of the tool only verifies the prover's ability to sign a UTXO without precluding the possibility of that UTXO being utilized for multiple proofs. Future developments aim to broaden the tool's capabilities, including the selective revelation of details such as UTXO size, tapscript paths, and output age. | ||
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At its core, `utxozkp` utilizes the [RISC Zero](https://github.com/risc0/risc0) STARK platform alongside the [Utreexo](https://dci.mit.edu/utreexo) data structure for optimizing storage efficiency. The present version, characterized as a rough draft, exhibits a proof generation time of approximately 6 minutes and produces a proof size of 1.4 MB when tested on an Apple M1 Max laptop with 32GB of RAM, assuming the UTXO set has been pre-loaded into memory. Verification processes are substantially faster, requiring around 300 milliseconds. These performance metrics, including proving time and proof size, have not been optimized, pending further decisions on the project's trajectory. | ||
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The creator of `utxozkp` invites feedback and suggestions on the project, indicating an openness to collaborative development for future improvements. For more detailed information about the tool and its architecture, interested individuals are encouraged to consult the project's [README](https://github.com/halseth/utxozkp/blob/c3402a72005d8d1058f758ed277df9e6cafcac72/README.md) document.</summary> | ||
<published>2024-09-16T13:01:59.427000+00:00</published> | ||
</entry> | ||
</feed> |
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...t_2024/3197_SuperScalar-Laddered-Timeout-Tree-Structured-Decker-Wattenhofer-Factories.xml
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> | ||
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>SuperScalar: Laddered Timeout-Tree-Structured Decker-Wattenhofer Factories</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:56:08.682459+00:00</updated> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>ZmnSCPxj 2024-09-16 20:08:19.856000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<generator uri="https://lkiesow.github.io/python-feedgen" version="0.9.0">python-feedgen</generator> | ||
<entry> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>SuperScalar: Laddered Timeout-Tree-Structured Decker-Wattenhofer Factories</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:56:08.682489+00:00</updated> | ||
<link href="https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/superscalar-laddered-timeout-tree-structured-decker-wattenhofer-factories/1143" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<summary>The SuperScalar mechanism addresses the Last-Mile Problem (LMP) in the Bitcoin Lightning Network by providing a novel construction that allows for efficient, offchain liquidity allocation to new users without requiring blockchain consensus changes. This is achieved through a combination of Decker-Wattenhofer decrementing-`nSequence` mechanisms, timeout trees, and laddering strategies. The approach is designed to overcome several challenges, including ensuring security against fund theft by the Liquidity Service Providers (LSPs), maintaining operation despite ossification of the Bitcoin blockchain, and providing resilience against the offline status of some end-users. | ||
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Decker-Wattenhofer mechanisms facilitate offchain consensus on state changes among multiple users without each change needing to be recorded on the blockchain. This method contrasts with the Poon-Dryja mechanism by supporting any number of parties and offering a finite, albeit extendable, number of state changes through chaining mechanisms. It relies on a sequence of transactions with decrementing `nSequence` values for state progression, which ensures that the latest state can confirm before any previous state in case of unilateral closure. | ||
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Timeout trees introduce a structured way to manage multiple channels under a single onchain UTXO, where transactions form a tree that enables efficient exits and updates. Each node in the tree represents channel agreements among participants, with the LSP capable of unilaterally closing channels after a specified timeout. This structure supports scalability by minimizing the impact and cost of individual user exits. | ||
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Laddering, inspired by financial products like certificates of deposit, involves creating multiple Decker-Wattenhofer mechanisms with staggered terms. This strategy gives LSPs flexibility in managing their investments in liquidity provision, potentially increasing returns through fees while offering users opportunities to adjust their liquidity needs over time. | ||
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The SuperScalar construction combines these elements into a scalable, flexible system for managing lightning network liquidity. By organizing users into timeout-tree-structured Decker-Wattenhofer channel factories and employing laddering of these structures, it provides a solution to the LMP that is secure, efficient, and adaptable to the dynamic nature of Bitcoin user activity and network conditions. | ||
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Practical considerations for implementing this mechanism include strategies for incentivizing user onlineness, grouping clients by likely online times to improve the responsiveness of liquidity allocations, and deciding on the appropriate structure of the trees to balance between the efficiency of updates and the costs of unilateral exits. These considerations are crucial for the practical deployment and success of the SuperScalar mechanism in addressing the liquidity challenges of the Bitcoin Lightning Network.</summary> | ||
<published>2024-09-16T20:08:19.856000+00:00</published> | ||
</entry> | ||
</feed> |
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...t_2024/3199_SuperScalar-Laddered-Timeout-Tree-Structured-Decker-Wattenhofer-Factories.xml
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> | ||
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>SuperScalar: Laddered Timeout-Tree-Structured Decker-Wattenhofer Factories</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:51.977079+00:00</updated> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>cryptoquick 2024-09-16 21:37:03.601000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<generator uri="https://lkiesow.github.io/python-feedgen" version="0.9.0">python-feedgen</generator> | ||
<entry> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>SuperScalar: Laddered Timeout-Tree-Structured Decker-Wattenhofer Factories</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:51.977107+00:00</updated> | ||
<link href="https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/superscalar-laddered-timeout-tree-structured-decker-wattenhofer-factories/1143/2" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<summary>The inquiry delves into the potential of utilizing a specific technological framework to facilitate small bitcoin transactions in developing nations, emphasizing the significance of low transaction fees and instant transfer capabilities. This raises questions about the scalability and efficiency of such a system for both minor and substantial payments. Furthermore, the discussion points towards the essential role of liveness in maintaining a trustless environment, pondering whether these attributes can be effectively integrated within a mobile application framework. | ||
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Concerns are also expressed regarding the resilience of the system, particularly in scenarios where legal or regulatory actions might lead to the shutdown of key infrastructure components like the Lightning Service Providers (LSPs). This leads to an exploration of the worst-case outcomes for users and the overall network stability in such events. The query extends to the system's capacity to handle scaling, specifically with 1MB block sizes, and whether this could support a vast user base—potentially billions—without necessitating modifications to the underlying Bitcoin protocol. | ||
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Lastly, the conversation shifts towards practical applications and development progress, questioning whether there are ongoing efforts to implement this technology. It probes the compatibility with existing solutions such as LND (Lightning Network Daemon) or CLN (C-lightning), and whether integration could be achieved through plugins or layers, or if a completely new node infrastructure, possibly developed with the Lightning Development Kit (LDK), would be required to realize this vision.</summary> | ||
<published>2024-09-16T21:37:03.601000+00:00</published> | ||
</entry> | ||
</feed> |
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static/delvingbitcoin/Sept_2024/3200_Proving-UTXO-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge.xml
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> | ||
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>Proving UTXO set inclusion in zero-knowledge</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:54:50.964563+00:00</updated> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>1440000bytes 2024-09-16 22:06:50.868000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<generator uri="https://lkiesow.github.io/python-feedgen" version="0.9.0">python-feedgen</generator> | ||
<entry> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>Proving UTXO set inclusion in zero-knowledge</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:54:50.964600+00:00</updated> | ||
<link href="https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/proving-utxo-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge/1142/2" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<summary>The tool currently under discussion represents an early-stage prototype designed for proving UTXO ownership with specific performance metrics recorded on an Apple M1 Max laptop equipped with 32GB of RAM. The process of generating a proof takes approximately 6 minutes, resulting in a proof file size of 1.4 MB. This is contingent upon the UTXO set being pre-loaded into memory utilizing a Utreexo data structure, a method for efficiently storing and verifying UTXO sets. Verification of the generated proof contrasts sharply in terms of speed, requiring only about 300 milliseconds to complete. | ||
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To place these figures in context, a comparison with another solution, [aut-ct](https://github.com/AdamISZ/aut-ct), is suggested, though specific comparative metrics are not provided within the given content. This comparison implies a benchmarking perspective, where the performance (in terms of both speed and proof size) of this tool is evaluated against existing solutions, highlighting its potential advantages or disadvantages. This information is critical for understanding the practicality and efficiency of the tool in real-world applications, especially regarding blockchain technologies where such metrics directly impact usability and scalability.</summary> | ||
<published>2024-09-16T22:06:50.868000+00:00</published> | ||
</entry> | ||
</feed> |
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...t_2024/3202_SuperScalar-Laddered-Timeout-Tree-Structured-Decker-Wattenhofer-Factories.xml
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> | ||
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>SuperScalar: Laddered Timeout-Tree-Structured Decker-Wattenhofer Factories</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:41.371330+00:00</updated> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>ZmnSCPxj 2024-09-16 23:54:39.760000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<generator uri="https://lkiesow.github.io/python-feedgen" version="0.9.0">python-feedgen</generator> | ||
<entry> | ||
<id>1</id> | ||
<title>SuperScalar: Laddered Timeout-Tree-Structured Decker-Wattenhofer Factories</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:41.371360+00:00</updated> | ||
<link href="https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/superscalar-laddered-timeout-tree-structured-decker-wattenhofer-factories/1143/3" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<summary>The proposal discussed offers a solution to manage the costs associated with Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXOs) by having a Lightning Service Provider (LSP) handle them for a large number of clients. This system relies on users coming online at least once during the lifetime of a "factory," which is suggested to last about a month. During this period, users must decide whether to exit or transition to a new factory, ensuring their safety through trustless means. The concept introduces a grace period known as the "dying period" at the end of each factory's life cycle. During this time, users are required to make critical decisions regarding their participation in the system, including unilateral exits, assisted exits involving offchain-to-onchain swaps, or moving to a new factory possibly under a different LSP. | ||
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The design specifically targets mobile app use-cases, leveraging the ability of iOS and Android apps to receive notifications that can awaken the app briefly for essential cryptographic operations, including potentially making payments while the device is inactive. This feature aims to reduce the need for asynchronous payment receipt, enhancing user convenience and security. | ||
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A significant technical challenge mentioned involves the necessity for publishing O(N) transactions during a unilateral exit, where N represents the number of clients in a factory. The complexity and cost of these transactions depend on the arity of the tree structure organizing these exits, with different arities affecting the overall efficiency of the process. The hope is that this approach could effectively increase the channel-opening capacity by tenfold, equivalent to expanding block size to 10Mb, thereby potentially supporting millions of clients without compromising the foundational principle of trustlessness. | ||
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No current implementations of this concept exist, as it is a recent idea. The development would require new client-side software, possibly reusing some existing code for managing specific types of channels but also introducing new algorithms for managing the proposed tree structure. On the LSP side, integration into existing node software would be necessary, with suggestions that certain node software like CLN could support this through plugins allowing for the routing of payments within this system. Implementing such a scheme would involve both client and LSP sides to develop novel solutions for handling the unique challenges presented by this proposed system.</summary> | ||
<published>2024-09-16T23:54:39.760000+00:00</published> | ||
</entry> | ||
</feed> |
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static/delvingbitcoin/Sept_2024/combined_Proving-UTXO-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge.xml
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> | ||
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> | ||
<id>2</id> | ||
<title>Combined summary - Proving UTXO set inclusion in zero-knowledge</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:22.879032+00:00</updated> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>1440000bytes 2024-09-16 22:06:50.868000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<author> | ||
<name>halseth 2024-09-16 13:01:59.427000+00:00</name> | ||
</author> | ||
<link href="delvingbitcoin/Sept_2024/3200_Proving-UTXO-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge.xml" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<link href="delvingbitcoin/Sept_2024/3195_Proving-UTXO-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge.xml" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<generator uri="https://lkiesow.github.io/python-feedgen" version="0.9.0">python-feedgen</generator> | ||
<entry> | ||
<id>2</id> | ||
<title>Combined summary - Proving UTXO set inclusion in zero-knowledge</title> | ||
<updated>2024-09-17T01:55:22.879070+00:00</updated> | ||
<link href="https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/proving-utxo-set-inclusion-in-zero-knowledge/1142/2" rel="alternate"/> | ||
<summary>The development of a proof-of-concept tool named `utxozkp` marks a significant stride toward enhancing privacy in Lightning channel announcements. This tool, currently in its nascent stages, is designed to facilitate the proving of UTXO set inclusion in zero knowledge. By doing so, it allows for the assertion that a Lightning Network (LN) channel exists on the blockchain without disclosing the specific Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO). The project is hosted on GitHub and can be explored further through this [link](https://github.com/halseth/utxozkp). | ||
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The initial performance metrics of `utxozkp` indicate a proving time of approximately six minutes and generate proofs with a size of 1.4 MB when run on an Apple M1 Max laptop with 32GB of RAM. These figures assume that the UTXO set has been pre-loaded into memory utilizing a Utreexo data structure, emphasizing the prototype’s rough draft status. Verification processes are notably faster, clocking in at around 300 milliseconds under similar conditions. Such preliminary results highlight the need for optimization efforts, which have yet to be prioritized pending decisions on the project's future direction. | ||
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Architecturally, `utxozkp` leverages the RISC Zero STARK platform alongside the Utreexo framework, a combination that underscores the project's innovative approach to data integrity and privacy. The tool's current functionality is limited to proving ownership of any UTXO by the prover without specifically preventing the potential reuse of UTXOs across multiple proofs. Future enhancements aim to address these limitations by enabling selective disclosure of UTXO characteristics such as size, tapscript paths, and output age, thereby broadening its application spectrum. This endeavor aligns with broader objectives within the cryptographic and blockchain communities to fortify anti-DOS measures while maintaining user privacy. | ||
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For an in-depth understanding of the `utxozkp` project, including its technical foundations and potential applications, interested parties are encouraged to consult the comprehensive [README document](https://github.com/halseth/utxozkp/blob/c3402a72005d8d1058f758ed277df9e6cafcac72/README.md) available on its GitHub repository. The document provides valuable insights into the tool's architecture, underlying technologies, and the conceptual rationale guiding its development. Feedback and suggestions from the community are invited to shape the trajectory of this research effort, with the ultimate goal of achieving a more private and secure digital currency ecosystem.</summary> | ||
<published>2024-09-16T22:06:50.868000+00:00</published> | ||
</entry> | ||
</feed> |
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